— 
Sey «paste amen 
RUBIACEZ. CLXXXIX. Triopon. 
2 T. ctomera‘tus (D. C. prod. 4. p. 566.) shrubby, much 
branched, glabrous ; branchlets acutely tetragonal; leaves ob- 
long-linear, opposite, and falsely verticillate ; bristles of stipulas 
short ; flowers disposed in fascicles at the tops of the branches ; 
teeth of calyx 4, on the top of the fruit, 2 large, and 2 nearly 
obliterated. h. S. Native of Brazil. Diddia Brasiliénsis, 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 406. Rubia glomerata, Pohl, in litt. Nearly 
allied to T. polymérpha, var. a, but differs in the bristles of the 
stipulas being one-half shorter, in the branchlets being glabrous, 
and in the flowers being in terminal fascicles. 
Glomerate-flowered Triodon. Shrub. 
3 T. porymérena (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 344. 
under Diddia) shrubby, much branched, glabrous; branches 
tetragonal ; leaves petiolate, oblong-linear, opposite, and falsely 
verticillate ; bristles of stipulas rather longer than the sheath ; 
flowers axillary and terminal, few; calyx bidentate, and some- 
times with 2 accessory teeth. }.S. Native of Brazil. Fruit 
asin T. anthospermoides, to which it is very nearly allied. 
Var. a, microphillus (Cham. et Schlecht, 1. c.) tops of plant 
downy; leaves smaller and firmer ; calyx hairy, 4-toothed. h. 
S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Rio Janeiro, in dry, 
exposed places. 
Var. B, intermedius (Cham. et Schlecht. 1. c.), smoothish ; 
leaves flat, softish ; calyx glabrous, 4-toothed. h.S. Native 
of the south of Brazil. 
Var. y, macrophyllus (Cham. et Schlecht. 1. c.) glabrous; in- 
ternodes elongated; leaves flat, thinner and larger ; calyx gla- 
brous, bidentate. h. S. Native of the south of Brazil. 
Polymorphous Triodon. Shrub 14 foot. 
Cult. The species of Triodon will grow in any good, light 
soil; and cuttings of them will strike root readily in the same 
kind of soil, under a hand-glass in heat. 
CXC, CRU'SEA (in honour of G. Cruse, M.D., who has 
written on the rubiaceous plants of the Cape of Good Hope). 
Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 5. p. 165. D.C. prod. 4, p. 566. 
but not of Rich. 
Lin. sysr. Tetrdndria, Monogynia. Calyx with a didymous, 
ovate tube, and with the limb contracted at the base, and profoundly 
cleft at the apex, but not parted; lobes 4, linear-subulate, elon- 
gated, hairy, and 4 small accessory ones between these. Corolla 
salver-shaped, with a long tube, which is obconical at the apex ; 
soph throat, and a 4-lobed limb. Stamens exserted. Style 
raed than the stamens, bifid at the apex. Fruit composed of 
indehiscent, 1-seeded nuts, which at length separate from the 
axis, which is permanent, flat, membranous, and retaining the 
re at its apex.—Herbs which are sometimes suffruticose at 
$ e base, erect or ascending. Leaves opposite, ovate-lanceolate. 
Stipulas sheathing, ciliated with bristles. Flowers red, disposed 
an Capitate, terminal umbels, which are girded by involucra. 
3 1 C. catocr’puata (D. C. prod. 4. p. 567.) stem terete, 
erbaceous, villous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, with 
rather oblique nerves, of which 2 rise near the base on both 
sides ; bristles of stipulas 7-9, hispid. ©. H. Native of 
i exico. Spermacòce capitàta, Moc. et Sesse. fl. mex. icon. 
posa but not of fl. per. Spermacòce hirta, Pav. ined. but not 
Lin. Stamens longer than the lobes of the corolla. Corolla 
4 lines long, red. 
Beautiful-headed Crusea. Pl. 2 feet. 
2 C. ru' Bra (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 5. p. 165.) stem 
tetragonal, herbaceous, hispid; branches opposite ; leaves ovate, 
acuminated, hairy, with the nerves oblique on both sides of the 
Victib; bristles of stipulas 7-9, hispid. ©. H. Native of 
era Cruz and Cuba. Crucianélla hispida, Mill. dict. no. 4. 
permacoce rubra, Jacq -hort. schoenbr. 3. p. 3. t. 256. Sper- 
macdce longifldra, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3, p. 271. 
CXC. Cruseza. 
CXCI. Ricuarpsonta. 627 
Spermacoce strigdsa, Sims, bot. mag. t. 1558. but not of Thunb. 
Spermacoce rùbra and S. strigdsa, Poir. Schultes. Flowers red 
or purple. 
Red-flowered Crusea. 
3 feet. ` 
3 C. coccinea (D. C. prod. 4. p. 567.) stem tetragonal, suf- 
fruticose at the base, glabrous ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acumi- 
nated, petiolate, glabrous, with 3 nerves on both sides of the 
mid-rib ; bristles of stipulas 3, glabrous, the middle one 
the longest. h. S. Native of New Spain. Spermacòce coc- 
cínea, Pavon, in herb. Dunant. Corollas scarlet, larger than in 
any other plant belonging to the tribe Spermacòceæ ; it is even 
an inch Jong. Alabastra and lobes of the corolla beset with 
bristles on the outside ; the rest of the corolla glabrous. Style 
exserted beyond the tube of the corolla. Fruit unknown; but 
the plant agrees in habit with the other species of the genus. 
Scarlet-flowered Crusea. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
4 C. BRACHYPHYLLA (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 5. p. 
165.) stem nearly terete, fistular, clothed with rather retrograde 
hairs ; leaves broad-ovate, on short petioles, of a different colour 
beneath, beset with scattered hairs above, and along the nerves 
beneath ; heads of flowers terminal, involucrated by leaves ; 
lobes of calyx triangular—Native of Mexico, on Serra Colo- 
rado, where it was collected by Schiede and Deppe. Nearly 
allied to C. rabra, but differs in the characters indicated above, 
and in the fruit being much smaller, and nearly terete, not glo- 
bose. Flowers red, smaller and shorter than in C. ribra. 
Short-leaved Crusea. PI. 2 feet. 
Cult. The annual species should be treated as other 
tender annuals, by being raised in a frame, and afterwards 
planted out in the open ground in May. The shrubby species 
should be treated in the manner recommended for Triodon 
above. 
Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1766. Pl. 2 to 
CXCI. RICHARDSO'NIA (named by Kunth, in memory of 
Richard Richardson, an English botanist of the 16th century). 
Kunth, in mem. mus. 4. p. 430. nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 350. D.C. 
prod. 4. p. 567. but not of Neck.—Richardia, Lin. gen. no. 
439. Geertn. fruct. 1. t. 25. A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. nat. Par. 
5. p- 154. t. 14. f. 5. Schultes, syst. 7. p. 85. but not of Kunth. 
—Schiédea, Bartl. in herb. Henke, but not of Cham. et Schlecht. 
nor of A. Rich. 
Lu. syst. Tri-Hexándria, Monogy‘nia. Calyx with asubglo- 
bose tube, and a 6-7-parted limb; teeth or lobes unequal, without 
any accessory ones. Corolla funnel-shaped, with an obconical 
tube, and a spreading, 3-6-lobed limb; lobes valvate in zstiva- 
tion. Stamens equal in number to the lobes of the corolla; fila- 
ments exserted. Style 3-4-cleft at the apex. Stigmas rather 
capitate. Capsule containing 3-4 indehiscent, membranous, 1- 
seeded nuts, crowned by the permanent calyx, which at length 
becomes circumcised at the base, and falls off, leaving the 
nuts naked. Seeds peltate. Albumen between fleshy and horny. 
—Diffuse, decumbent herbs, natives of America. Roots almost 
simple, rather woody, with thick bark, which is wrinkled trans- 
versely ; those of many of the species are used in various 
parts of the world as substitutes for Ipecacuanha. Leaves 
opposite, ovate. Stipulas of many bristles. Flowers capitate 
at the tops of the branches, each head involucrated by the 4 
uppermost leaves. 
§ 1. Calyx 6-7-lobed. 
1 R. sca‘pra (St. Hil. pl. us. bras. 8. t. 8. Mart. spec. 
mat. med. bras. p. 10. t. 9. f. 13. root.) stems hairy; leaves 
ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, rarely oblong, acutish, with scabrous 
margins; bristles of stipulas shorter than the sheath; heads 
many-flowered ; lobes of calyx triangular, ciliated; segments of 
442 
