628 
corolla pilose at the apex. YJ. S. Native of Brazil, at Rio 
Janeiro, in sandy, cultivated fields, and by way sides; also of 
New Granada, in dry, sandy places near Ibague, and at Vera- 
Cruz; as well as of Peru, about Lima and Cercado, &c., Sweet, 
fl. gard. t. 91. Richardia scabra, Lin. spec. 470. Richardia 
pilosa, Ruiz et Pav. fi. per. 3. p. 50. R. scabra and R. pilosa, 
Pers. ench. 1. p. 392. R. pildsa, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 
amer. 3. p. 350. t. 279. Spermacdce hexandra, A. Rich. hist. 
nat. spec. p. 13. and 31. R. Brasiliénsis, Gom. mem. ipec. p. 
31. t. 2. Virey, journ. pharm. 1820. p. 257. with a figure. 
Hayn. arzn. 8. t. 21. Spermacoce hirsùta, Roem. et Schultes, 
syst. 7. p. 85. Corolla white, twice the length of the calyx. The 
roots are horizontal, and white, and are used as a substitute for 
Ipecacuanha, in the province of Rio Janeiro, where it grows in 
great plenty, under the name of Poaya do Campo. It is the 
Ipecacuanha amylace ou blanc, Merat. dict. med. 26. p. 13. and 
therefore the white Ipecacuanha of the shops. 
Scabrous Richardsonia, or White Ipecacuanha. 
Clt. 1814. Pl. procumbent. 
2 R. ro'sra (St. Hil. pl. us. bras, no. 7. t. 7.) stems hispid, 
very hairy at the tops; leaves ovate-lanceolate, mucronately 
acute, with scabrous margins; bristles of stipulas longer than the 
sheath ; heads few-flowered ; lobes of calyx 6, linear, rather 
hispid ; corolla ventricose, having the segments pilose on the 
outside. X. S. Native of Brazil, in dry, sandy places. R. 
emética, Mart. spec. mat. med. bras. p. 11. t. 9. f. 19. Cham. 
et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 351. R. ròsea and R. emética, 
Schultes, syst. 7. p. 87. Corolla rose-coloured, 3 times longer 
than the lobes of the calyx. Roots black, twisted, and are used 
as a substitute for Ipecacuanha in the neighbourhood of Joao del 
Rey, in Brazil, where it is cultivated in great quantities for that 
purpose, under the name of Poaya do Campo, and are, along 
with the roots of R. scabra, imported into Europe. 
Rose-flowered Richardsonia. P]. procumbent. 
3 R. cranprrto'ra (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 351.) 
plant ascending ; stems hispid from bristles; leaves lanceolate, 
acute, scabrous from bristles ; bristles of stipulas rather longer 
than the sheath; heads few-flowered; segments of the calyx 
lanceolate, acuminated ; corolla glabrous. %. S. Native of the 
south of Brazil. Roots like that of R. ròsea. Corolla white, 
tipped with red. Stamens 6. 
Great-flowered Richardsonia. Pl. decumbent. 
4 R. rarera‘uis (D. C. prod. 4. p. 568.) erect, stem hispid 
from spreading hairs; leaves oblong-lanceolate, muriculated 
above, and pilose beneath; bristles of stipulas longer than the 
sheath ; heads of flowers small, 3 times shorter than the brac- 
teas, which are ovate-lanceolate, and hispid beneath at the base ; 
lobes of calyx 6, subulate, longer than the tube. Y. S. Na- 
tive of Brazil, where it was collected by Pohl. Spermacoce late- 
ralis, Pohl, in litt. Very nearly allied to R. divérgens, but the 
fruit is unknown, and is therefore a doubtful species of the 
genus. 
Lateral Richardsonia. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
5 R. pive’rcens (D. C. prod. 4. p. 568.) plant erect, hispid 
from bristles in every part; leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminated ; 
bristles of stipulas longer than the sheath ; heads small, 3 times 
shorter than the bracteas, which are lanceolate ; limb of calyx 
very hispid, 6-cleft; fruit of 4 tubercularly muricated nuts. 
u.S. Native of Brazil, Pohl; and near Bahia, in cultivated 
hee Salzmann. Spermacdce divérgens, Pohl, in litt. Corolla 
white. 
Diverging Richardsonia. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
6 R. sea'rsa (D. C. prod. 4. p. 568.) the whole plant hispid 
from bristles ; branches trichotomous ; leaves linear-lanceolate, 
acuminated ; bristles of stipulas equal in length to the sheath: 
heads either from the forks of the branches or from their tops ; 
Fl. Sept. 
RUBIACEA. CXCI. Ricuarpsonia. 
CXCII. Knoxia. 
the latter one-half shorter than the bracteas, which are Janceo- 
late; limb of calyx very hispid, 6-cleft; fruit of 4 tubercularly 
muricated nuts. 2%. S. Native of Brazil,. Pohl; at Bahia, in 
dry pastures, Salzmann. Spermacoce sparsa, Pohl, in litt. 
Flowers white. 
Scattered Richardsonia. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
§ 2. Calyx 4-lobed, very rarely 3-5-lobed. 
7 R. srevra‘ris (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3.-p. 352.) 
plant decumbent, twisted ; stem hairy; leaves lanceolate, acumi- 
nated, hairy; bristles of stipulas 5, much longer than the sheath; 
heads hemispherical ; segments of the calyx 4, oblong; corolla 
glabrous, about equal in length to the calycine teeth. ©. F. 
Native of Brazil, in the province of Cisplatine. Flowers 3-4- 
parted, white ? 
Starry Richardsonia. Pl. decumbent. 
8 R. uumtsrra‘ta (Cham. et Schlecht. 1. c. 3. p. 354.) plant 
trailing, flexuous; stems clothed with canescent hairs; leaves 
ovate-lanceolate, acute, clothed also with canescent hairs; bristles 
of stipulas 3-6, equal in length to the sheath ; heads hemispheri- 
cal; segments of calyx 4, oval; corolla glabrous. rather longer 
than the lobes of the calyx. 2%. S. Native of Brazil, in the 
province of Monte Video. Flowers small, tetramerous and pen- 
tamerous. 
Trailing Richardsonia. Pl. trailing. : 
9 R. apsce’'npens (D.C. prod. 4. p. 549.) stems ascending, 
villous; leaves oblong, attenuated at both ends, scabrous from 
pubescence on both surfaces; heads terminal, on long pedun- 
cles ; leaves of involucrum ovate, hardly exceeding the flowers ; 
calycine segments 5, acute; corolla tubular, downy outside at 
the tops of the lobes, the rest glabrous. Y. S. Native of 
Mexico. Spermacdce adscéndens, Pav. in herb. Moric. Ri- 
chardia villosa, Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. icon. ined., in which the 
corolla is more coloured. 
Ascending Richardsonia. Pl. ascending. Ee 
10 R. Huwxea'na (D. C. prod. 4. p. 569.) stems trailing, 
tufted, twisted, creeping, suftruticose, hairy ; leaves oblong, 
villous; bristles of stipulas shorter than the sheath; heads of 
flowers flattish; lobes of calyx 4, ovate, acutish ; corolla subro- 
tate. %.?S. Native of Mexico, where it was collected by 
Henke. Schiédea Mexicana, Bartl. in herb. Henke. 
Henke’s Richardsonia. PI. trailing. ; Ea 
Cult. The species of this genus will thrive in any light sal 
and cuttings of them strike root readily in the same kind of soil, 
under a hand-glass, in a little heat. 
CXCII, KNO’XIA (named after Robert Knox, who lived 
many years in Ceylon, and published a relation of it in 1781). 
Lin. gen. no. 123. Geertn. fruct. 1. p. 121. t. 25. Lam. ill. t. 
59. A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. nat. Par. 5. p. 152. t. 15. f. 
but not of P. Browne.—Spermacòce species, Roxb. Willd. an 
others. : 
Lin. syst. Tetréndria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate 
rather ribbed tube, and 4 small unequal teeth, which are per 
manent, and erectly connivent on the fruit. Corolla rie 
shaped, with a terete tube, a usually bearded throat, and a : 
lobed limb. Anthers at the throat. Stigma 2-lobed. er 
2-celled, usually separated from the base to the apex at the dis 
sepiment into 2 indehiscent, 1-seeded nuts, which are somes 
however, combined at the base, and separating slowly, having t i 
axis filiform, and remaining as in umbelliferous plants. Spe 
ovate, triquetrous, erect. Albumen fleshy. Embryo erect. F 
Herbs or sub-shrubs, natives of the East Indies. Stems we 
or tetragonal. Leaves opposite, and falsely verticillate, a 
axillary fascicles. Stipulas undivided, or of few bristles, sae 
with the base of the petioles. Cymes as in the plants belonging 
