RUBIACEÆ. CCXI. Ampraria. 
at length imbricated and deciduous. Stipulas hardly prominent, . 
ciliated. Flowers axillary, verticillate. According to Cham. et 
Schlecht. Cliffortia cinérea, Lin. is a synonyme of this. 
Hairy Ambraria. Shrub 4 to 3 foot. 
2 A.cua’pra (Cruse, rub. cap. p. 17. t. 1. f. 3.) leaves 3 in 
a whorl, connately perfoliate ; fruit obovately subglobose, gla- 
brous. h. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Nénax 
acerosa, Geertn. fruct. t. 32. f. 7. Young branches reddish. 
Leaves linear, subtriquetrous, glabrous, serrulately ciliated on 
the margin and keel, 3-6 lines long, and } to 1 broad. Flowers 
axillary, subverticillate. 
Glabrous Ambraria. Shrub 4 to 3 foot. 
Cult. See Phyllis, p. 635. for culture and propagation. 
Tribe XII. 
STELLA‘T Z (from stellatus, starry; the leaves and stipu- 
las form whorles, resembling the rays of a star). Ray, syn. p. 
223. Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 220. D. C. prod. 4. 
pP. 580.—Aparineee, Link, (1809).—Galez, Kunth, nov. gen. 
amer. (1818) 3. p. 335.—Asperilez, A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. 
i Par. (1830) 5. p- 126. Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely of 
€ ifferent sexes. Corolla rotate or funnel-shaped; lobes valvate 
in estivation, Styles 2, almost distinct from the base, or more 
iP less comb.ned in one. Stigmas capitate. Fruit constantly 
4 2 indehiscent l-seeded mericarps. Seeds hardly distinct 
rom the pericarp and calyx. Albumen horny.— Usually herbs, 
rarely small shrubs. Leaves opposite, bearing each a bud in the 
z5 furnished with 1-2 or 3 leaf-formed stipulas between the 
Pn on both sides, which are destitute of buds, and form 
phe along with them. Roots usually red, furnishing a red 
E as the madder.—The leaves are only to be distinguished 
rom the stipulas in having buds in their axils. 
ee SHERA’/RDIA (named by Dillenius after his patron 
liam Sherard, LL.D., consul at Smyrna). Dill. gen. 3. Lin. 
en. no. 120. Geertn. fruct. 1. p. 110. t. 24. A. Rich. mem. 
"e hist. nat. Par. 5. p- 129. D. C. prod. 4. p. 581.—Dillénia, 
eister.—Aparìnes spec. Tourn. 
Lin. syst. Tetrandria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate tube, 
and a 4-6-toothed permanent limb. Corolla funnel-shaped, with 
a terete tube, and a 4-lobed limb. Stamens 4. Style 1, 2-lobed 
% the apex ; stigmas capitellate. Fruit dry, crowned by the 
hi yx, divisible into two mericarps; mericarps 1-seeded, inde- 
Iscent, flat on one side, and convex on the other.—An annual 
smal native of Europe. Leaves opposite, with 1-2 stipulas on 
= = side, obovate, acute, scabrous, forming whorles. Flowers 
í all, red, capitate, almost sessile, girded or involucrated by 
© uppermost whorl of leaves. 
ad 2s ARVe'Nsis (Lin, spec. p. 149.) ©. H. Native of Europe 
en auria, very common in fields in sandy soil; plentiful in 
: ye) parts of Britain in fallow fields and among corn. FI. dan. 
ia Sa Curt. lond. 5. t. 13. Smith, engl. bot. t. 891. Schkuhr, 
"a >. t. 22,—Barrel. icon. t. 541. Root with many reddish 
al own fibres, The whole plant rough and hairy. Leaves rough 
Ong the edges and keel, 4-6 in a whorl. 
Corn Field-madder. Fl. April, Sept. Britain. Pl. 4 to 4 ft. 
age Sherdrdia fruticdsa (Lin. spec. 149.) stem shrubby ; 
he © 4 ina whorl, equal; flowers axillary. h. G. Native of 
in Island of Ascension. Stipulas very short, subulate, interfo- 
a tes Corolla white. Fruit unknown. This plant appears 
e termediate between Diddia and Spermacòce. 
Gali. The seeds only require to be sown in the open ground 
m a dry situation. 
CCXIIIl, ASPE RULA (a dim. of asper, rough; leaves). 
m. gen. no. 121. Juss. gen. 196, Lam. ill. t. 61. Gærtn. fil. 
CCXII. SHERARDIA. 
CCXIII. AsPERULA. 637 
carp. 3. p. 89. t. 195. A. Rich. mem. soc. hist. nat. Par. 5. p. 
130. t.11. f. 1. D. C. prod. 4. p. 581. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Calyx with an ovate 
didymous tube, and a very short 4-toothed deciduous or ob- 
solete limb. Corolla funnel-shaped, rarely campanulate, 4- 
cleft, rarely 3-cleft. Styles 2, joined together at the base, and 
nearly to the apex. Fruit didymous, not crowned by the calyx, 
dry, or hardly fleshy; mericarps easily separated, indehiscent, 
1-seeded.—Herbs, rarely small shrubs. Stems and branches 
usually tetragonal. Leaves opposite, with 1-2-3 stipulas on each 
side ; they are therefore called 4 to 8 in a whorl, but between 
the uppermost leaves there are no stipulas, Flowers terminal 
and axillary, in fascicles. 
§ 1. Sherardiana (this section only contains plants with the 
habit of Sherdrdia). D.C. prod. 4. p. 581. Annual plants. 
Corollas tubularly funnel-shaped. 
1 A. arve’nsts (Lin. spec. p. 149.) plant erect, smoothish ; 
leaves 6-10 in a whorl, lanceolate-linear, a little ciliated; lower 
ones obovate: floral ones ciliated with long hairs; corymbs fas- 
cicled, terminal, many flowered; flowers sessile ; fruit glabrous. 
©. H. Native of Europe and Caucasus, in fields and arid 
stony places. A. coertlea, Dod. pempt. p. 355. Lob. icon. t. 
801. f. 2. A. cilidta, Moench. meth. p. 484. A. dubia, Willd. 
herb. ex Spreng. Roots yellow. Under surface of leaves whitish 
from adpressed hairs. This differs from all the other species of 
Aspérula in the flowers being blue. It differs from Sherdrdia 
in the capsule not being crowned by the calyx, in the blunter 
leaves, and in the floral leaves being ciliated. Anthers yellow. 
Cornfield Woodroof, Fl. July. Cit. 1596. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
2 A. citta‘ris (D. C. prod. 4. p. 582.) stems ascending, an- 
gular, glabrous; leaves 6-9 in a whorl, lanceolate-linear, acute, 
and are as well as the bracteas, serrated by stiff cilize ; flowers 
almost sessile, disposed in a terminal subumbellate corymb, pen- 
tandrous ; style exserted.—Native of Persia, where it was col- 
lected by Gmelin. Corollas glabrous, 5-6 lines long. Stamens 5. 
Ciliated-leaved Woodroof. Pl. ascending. 
3 A. rricno’pEs (Gay, in litt. 1829, ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 582.) 
stems erect, simple at the base, branched at the apex, glabrous ; 
leaves glabrous, subulately filiform, equal in length to the inter- 
nodes: cauline ones 10-16 in a whorl, and the rameal ones 2-6 
in a whorl; pedicels solitary, almost axillary ; corollas small, 
downy outside, trifid; fruit obovate, clothed with very short 
down. ©. H. Native of the north of Persia. Stem very 
smooth, white, 7-10 inches high. Leaves an inch long, scabrous. 
Corolla greenish-white, with a slender terete tube, and oblong 
awnless lobes, Stamens 3. 
Hairy Woodroof. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
§ 2. Cyndnchice (this section agrees with 4. cynánchica in the 
corollas being funnel-shaped). D.C. prod. 4. p. 582. Plants 
perennial. Corollas tubularly funnel-shaped. 
4 A. Taurtna (Lin. spec. 150.) plant smoothish, erect; 
leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate-lanceolate, 3-nerved, with finely 
ciliated margins; corymbs pedunculate, axillary, fasciculately 
umbellate, involucrated ; bracteas ciliated ; fruit glabrous, and 
rather scabrous. 2.H. Native of Dauphiny, Piedmont, Swit- 
zerland, Carniola, Iberia, &c. on hills in shady places. A. tri- 
nérvia, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 376. Galium Taurinum, Scop. carn. 
no. 148.—Lob. icon. t. 800. f. 1.—Moris, hist. sect. 9. t, 21. 
f. 1.—Hall. helv. no. 732. Leaves broad. Corollas white, 
elongated. Anthers violaceous, exserted. 
Bull Woodroof. Fl. April, July. Clt. 1739. PI. 1 foot. 
5 A. æviga ta (Lin. mant. p. 38.) plant glabrous, ascending; 
leaves 4 in a whorl, elliptic, nerved, with finely scabrous mar- 
ins ; cymes corymbose, pedunculate, axillary or nearly terminal; 
corolla with a short tube ; fruit glabrous, scabrous from elevated 
