638 
dots. Y%.H. Native of the south of Europe, in rugged places 
and in woods, from Narbonne to Constantinople. Willd. spec. 
1. p. 579. exclusive of Barrel. syn. D. C. fl. fr. no. 3344, A. 
rotundifdlia, Lam. dict. 1. p. 298.—Moris, oxon. 3. sect. 9. t. 
21. f. 4.—Boce. sic. p. 10. t. 11. f. 5. Flowers white. 
Smooth Woodroof. Fl. June. Cit. 1775. Pl. 4 to 1 foot 
ascending. 
6 A. HEXAPHY'LLA (All. ped. no. 48. t. 77. f. 3.) plant as- 
cending, glabrous ; leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, spreading, acute, 
with revolute scabrous margins; cymes terminal ; flowers ag- 
gregate, umbellate; bracteas glabrous, acute, shorter shan the 
flowers. 2. H. Native of Piedmont, on the lower Alps about 
Tende and Saorgio. A. Allidni, Baumg. enum. trans. 1. p. 80. 
Corolla purple outside, but white within. 
Var. P, rigidula (D. C. prod. 4. p. 582.) leaves stiffer and 
blunter than those of the species, and the floral ones are obovate. 
Y. H. Native of Sicily, in the fissures of calcareous rocks by 
the sea side. A. hexaphylla, Guss. prod. fl. sic. 1. p. 166. 
There are glabrous and downy variations of this plant. 
Six-leaved Woodroof. PI. 4 foot. 
7 A. cra’citis (Meyer, verz. pfl. p. 52.) plant perennial, 
smooth, glabrous ; stems filiform, much branched, diffuse ; leaves 
4 in a whorl, equal, elliptic, bluntish, with rather scabrous mar- 
gins : upper ones opposite; umbels terminal, few-flowered ; co- 
rolla 4-5-cleft, almost glabrous, with obtuse segments; style 
semibifid ; mericarps smooth, glabrous. Y%. H. Native of 
Caucasus, in alpine places at the river Malka. 
Slender Woodroof. Pl. diffuse. 
8 A. urra (Ramond, bull. phil. no. 41. p. 131. t. 9. f. 1. 
2-8.) plant tufted, erectish ; leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, acute, 
hairy, longer than the internodes; flowers aggregately umbel- 
late, terminal, sessile, exceeding the bracteas; fruit glabrous. 
Y.H. Native of the central Pyrenees, on the higher ranges 
on dry banks. A. nov. spec. St. Amans, trav. pyr. 194. Corollas 
white, purplish outside. In cultivation the plant becomes smooth, 
and is then referrible to 4. hexaphilla. 
Hairy Woodroof. Fl. June, July. Clt.1817. Pl. 4 foot. 
9 A. TINCTÒRIA (Lin. spec. 150.) plant erectish, glabrous ; 
leaves linear : lower ones 6 in a whorl: middle ones 4, and the 
uppermost ones opposite ; floral leaves ovate; flowers usually 
trifid. 2%.H. Native of Europe, on hills in arid stony places. 
A. rubéola 8, Lam. fl. fr. 3. p. 375. Galium tinctorium, Scop. 
carn. no, 149.—Tabern. icon. t. 733. f. 2. Roots large, creep- 
ing, reddish, and are used in Gothland instead of madder for 
dyeing red. Plant procumbent, unless supported. Stem 1-2 
feet long, purplish. Flowers usually by threes. Corollas white, 
reddish on the outside. Very like 4. cyndnchica. 
Dyers’ Woodroof. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1764. 
2 feet. 
10 A. cywa’ncwica (Lin. spec. p. 151.) plant glabrous, 
erectish; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear: lower ones small, oblong, 
upper ones opposite; floral ones lanceolate-linear, acuminately 
awned ; flowers terminal, quadrifid ; fruit granulated. Y%. H 
Native of Europe, in dry gravelly places ; abundant in many parts 
of England on chalky downs. Smith, engl. bot. t. 33. Berg. phyt. 
t. 81. Rubia cynanchia, J. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 723. witha figure. 
Asp. rubéola a, Lam. fi. fr. 3. p. 375. A. tinctéria var. 6, Lam. 
dict. 1. p.298. Galium cynanchicum, Scop. carn. no. 147. Herb 
variable in habit. Stems prostrate, dichotomously branched. 
The flowers grow on erect branches, forming a fastigiate corymb, 
white or blush-coloured, elegantly marked with red lines, and 
sometimes they are pure white. Dalechamp seems to be the chief 
authority for the reputation this plant formerly acquired in the 
cure of quinsies. He says it should be applied externally, as 
well as taken internally, but it is now entirely out of use. 
Var. B, heterophylla (D.C. prod. 4. p. 583.) decumbent ; 
PE to 
RUBIACEÆ. CCXIII. Asperuta. 
leaves of the sterile branches ovate, and of the flowering ones 
linear. Y. H. Native of the Pyrenees, in sandy places. A, 
Pyrenaica, Lin. herb. A. cynanchica $ and y, D.C. suppl. fi. fr. 
p. 493. A. rubéola, Gratel, in bull. soc. hist. nat. bord. 1. p. 
$11.? 
Var, B, saxdtilis (D. C. suppl. p. 495. var. 6,) plant tufted, 
erect; leaves linear, length of internodes. Y%.H. Native of 
the Pyrenees, among stones and on rocks. A. Pyrenaica, Lin. 
spec. 151.? A. saxatilis, Lam. ill. no. 139. A. multiflora, 
Lapeyr. abr. p. 62. ex Benth. 
Var. ò, elongata (Stev. inlitt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 583.) plant 
elongated, erect ; leaves linear, shorter than the internodes. %. 
H. Native of Tauria and Caucasus. A. ‘cynanchica, Bieb, fl. 
taur. 
Quinsy Woodroof. FI. July. England. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
11 A. supina (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 101.) glabrous; stem 
much branched at the base, procumbent; leaves 4 in a whorl, 
linear, acute : lower ones imbricately crowded ; peduncles 3- 
flowered, axillary and terminal, rather panicled ; corolla with a 
terete tube, and 4 oblong lobes ; fruit glabrous. Y.H. Native 
of Tauria and Caucasus, in the fissures of calcareous rocks, and 
in gravelly places. A. cynánchica 6, Meyer, verz. pf. p. 406. 
Very nearly allied to 4. cynánchica, but the flowers are white, 
not as in it, blush-coloured. Internodes of the stem short. 
Supine Woodroof. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1821. Pl. pr. 
12 A. roxcirròra (Waldst. et Kit. pl. rar. hung. 2. t. 150.) 
stems numerous from the same neck, erectish, glabrous ; leaves 
4 in a whorl, linear: lower ones small, obovate: upper ones op- 
posite; fascicles of flowers terminal, pedunculate ; bracteas 
small, subulate; tube of corolla elongated; fruit glabrous, 
smooth. %. H. Native of Croatia, Carniola, and Carinthia, in 
mountainous places, and on rocks. A. suavéolens, Schrad. in ee 
1815. Corolla whitish, yellowish inside, and reddish outside. 
Stems weak, Lf 
Long-flowered Woodroof. Fl. July, Aug. Cit. 1821. pl. a 
13 A. srevirdria (Vent. hort. cels. p. 63. t. 63.) plant g'a- 
brous, decumbent; leaves 4 in a whorl, very short, distant: 23 
permost ones opposite ; flowers axillary, solitary on short pedi- 
cels, and in terminal fascicles ; corolla 4-cleft; style bipartite to 
the base. Y%. H. Native of Caramania, near Cylindre = 
mountains. Stem much branched. Corollas at first yellowish- 
reen, but at length becoming purplish. 
z Short-leaved Spn ae Aug, Clt. 1824. Pi. pie 
14 A. rurea (Smith, fl. grec. t. 120.) stems erect ; leaves *} 
a whorl, linear, glabrous, mucronate ; flowers in fascicles, wes 
awned. 2%.H. Native of Mount Parnassus. Rubéola m 
tica saxatilis frutescens flore luteo, Tourn. cor. p. 5- Flower 
yellow. Fascicles of flowers spicate. 
Yellow-flowered Woodroof. Pl. 1 foot. ro 
15 A. arısra`ra (Lin. fil. suppl. 120.) plant erect, gla pee 
leaves 4 in a whorl, linear, acute: upper ones pee z 
floral ones like the rest, but smaller; flowers in terminal rye 
cles; lobes of corolla bluntly awned. XY. H. Native 0 x 
south of Europe, Sicily, &e. Flowers usually by threes, P 
yellow. TA 
Var. B, flaccida (D. C. prod. 4. p. 583.) plant dif e t 
branches divaricate, pendulous; pedicels usually 2-flowe 
u.H. Native of the kingdom of Naples, in rocky places. 5 
flaccida, Tenore, append. 4. prod. p. 8. A. cynánchica % 
Tenore, prod. xii. A. longifiòra, Tenore, fl. med. p. 89. pl. 
Awned-flowered Woodroof. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1823. 
4 to 1 foot. as 
16 A. monra‘na (Willd. enum. p. 151.) glabrous; stem 4 
cid ; leaves linear: lower ones 6 in a whorl: middle oa 
upper ones opposite ; floral leaves linear ; flowers m ws 
corollas 4-cleft, scabrous externally. 2. H. Native of 
1 
