RUBIACE. 
Oliveir’s Madder. Pl. straggling. 
20 R. Tuunse’ren (D.C. prod. 4. p. 590.) plant glabrous in 
every part; leaves usually 4 in a whorl.—Native of the Cape of 
Good Hope. R. le'vis, Thunb. fl. cap. 151. but not of Poir. 
The rest unknown. 
Thunberg’s Madder. Pl. straggling. 
§ 2. Involucrate (the flowers of the plants contained in this 
section are involucrated by bracteas). D.C. prod. 4. p. 590. 
Peduncles axillary, bearing each 4 bracteas in a whorl, which 
constitute an involucrum to the flowers. Flowers 1-3, rising from 
each involucrum, sessile, or pedicellate, usually tetramerous.— 
Diffuse prostrate plants, all natives of America, which probably 
should be joined mith Galium according to A. Richard. 
i. ; 
Berries glabrous. Leaves 1-nerved. 
21 R. Warre'Rı (D. C. prod. 4. p. 590.) stems tetragonal, 
smooth on the angles, and pilose on the sides; leaves ovate, 
membranous, rather pilose on both surfaces while young, 
but having the keel and margins scabrous in the adult state ; 
bracteas ovate, acute ; flowers solitary from the involucra; fruit 
glabrous, pedicellate. 3%. H. Native of Carolina and Florida, 
in shady places. R. peregrina, Walt. car. p. 86. but not of Lin. 
R. Brównei, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 81. exclusive of the 
syn. of Browne. R. Techénsis, Rafin. À. lud. p- 76.? Flowers 
small, yellow, tetramerous. Fruit blackish. 
Walter's Madder, Pl. straggling. 
22 R. Guaparurr’ysis (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 397.) stems te- 
tragonal, rough along the angles at the base ; leaves oblong, mu- 
cronate, attenuated at the base, having the margins and keel 
prickly ; peduncles axillary, shorter than the leaves, 1-flowered ; 
flower sessile among the bracteas, which are oblong; berries 
scabrous. %. S. Native of Guadaloupe, where it was col- 
lected by Badier and Bertero. 
Guadaloupe Madder. P]. straggling. 
23 R. inveco’ra (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 229.) 
stems tetragonal, scabrous from pili; leaves oblong, somewhat 
cuneated, obtuse, mucronate, membranous, remotely pilose on 
the nerve beneath and margins ; peduncles axillary, solitary, op- 
posite, 1-Aowered ; bracteas lanceolate; ovarium pilose ; berries 
Nesthaped, glabrous, sessile within the involucra. . F 
ative of the south of Brazil. 
Indecorous Madder. P]. straggling. 
a R. Cuie’nsis (Mol. chil. 118. ed. gall. p. 330. but not of 
illd.) stems smooth, tetragonal while young, but at length be- 
coming terete and erectish; leaves oblong-linear, mucronate, 
Mite on the nerve and margins; peduncles axillary, opposite, 
-flowered, a little longer than the leaves, hairy at top, as well 
as the bracteas. Y%.F. Native of Chili, near Rancagua and 
valparaiso, where it was collected by Bertero, who asserts that 
its the Relbun of the natives. Nearly allied to R. indecora. 
Chili Madder. Pl. straggling. 
25 R. ramosissima (Pohl, in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 591.) 
stems tetragonal, rather hairy along the angles; leaves oblong, 
obtuse, rather cuneated at the base, I-nerved, rather pilose be- 
heath and glabrous above, and shining; peduncles axillary, 
ec of leaves, 1-flowered; bracteas oval, glabrous; berry 
esti within the involucrum, glabrous. %. G. Native of 
oe it was collected by Pohl. Herb becoming black 
g- 
Much-branched Madder. PI. straggling. 
s R. VALANTIOÌDES (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnæa. 3. p. 
= .) stems tetragonal, pilose along the angles ; leaves sessile, 
y ate, acute, membranous, 3-nerved, pilose on the margins and 
cA: peduncles axillary, verticillate, shorter than the leaves, 
“Howered; bracteas ovate-oblong; flower sessile within the 
CCXV. Rusia. 645 
involucrum. 2{. F. Native of Brazil. Stem scabrous from the 
bases of the hairs remaining. Corolla pilose. Berries glabrous. 
Valantia-like Madder. Pl. straggling. 
27 R. wit1va (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 3. p. 339. t. 280.) 
stems tetragonal, beset with reflexed hairs along the angles ; 
leaves elliptic, bluntish, with revolute edges, glabrous above and 
shining, and rather hairy beneath; peduncles axillary, 1-flower- 
ed, opposite, twice the length of the leaves; flower sessile, 
within the involucrum; berries glabrous. Y%.F. Native at the 
foot of the burning mount Pichincha, near Quito. Allied to R. 
Waltéeri. 
Nitid-leaved Madder. Pl. straggling. 
28 R. vitis (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 230.) gla- 
brous ; stems tetragonal, scabrous from retrograde bristles on the 
angles, and on the nerves and margins of the leaves; leaves ob- 
long, obtuse, hardly attenuated at the base, rather mucronate, 
membranous ; peduncles axillary, verticillate, 3-flowered, length 
of leaves: the middle flower sessile; bracteas oblong, acute. 
u.F. Native of the south of Brazil. Berries globose. 
Vile Madder. PI. straggling. 
29 R. citia‘ta (D.C. prod. 4. p. 591.) stems procumbent, 
much branched, tetragonal, glabrous; leaves 4 in a whorl, on 
short petioles, linear-lanceolate, ciliated, reflexed ; peduncles 
axillary, solitary, filiform, 1-flowered, length of leaves, bearing 4 
verticillate leaves at the apex; flower sessile, within the invo- 
lucrum ; fruit glabrous. 2. F. Native of Peru, on arid hills. 
Galium ciliatum, Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 59. Galium involu- 
cratum, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 334. Flowers 
purple. Fruit nutant. Perhaps a species of /tubia. 
Ciliated-leaved Madder. Pl. procumbent. 
30 R. mona’ntHa (D. C. prod. 4. p. 591.) stems procum- 
bent, much branched, tetragonal, smoothish ; leaves oval or 
ovate-oblong, acutish, ciliated with long hairs, hispid above ; 
peduncles axillary, solitary, 1-flowered, bearing each 4 leaves or 
bracteas just under the flower; flower sessile, within the invo- 
lucrum; fruit glabrous, smooth. 2%. F. Native of Peru, 
where it was collected by Henke. Galium monanthon, Bartl. 
in herb. Henke. This species is nearly allied to R. ciliata. 
One-flonered Madder. Pl. procumbent. 
31 R. ova‘tis (D.C. 1. c.) stems climbing a little, tetragonal, 
hairy; leaves 4 in a whorl, oblong-oval, acuminated, equal, at 
length reflexed ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, a little shorter 
than the leaves, bearing 4 oval acute bracteas at top under the 
flower; fruit glabrous. %. F. Native of Peru, among rub- 
bish. Galium ovà'e, Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 59. 
Oval-leaved Madder. Pl. climbing. 
32 R. crocea (D. C. 1. c.) stems procumbent, branched ; 
branches tetragonal ; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear, ciliated, rather 
scabrous beneath ; peduncles axillary, short, 1-flowered, bearing 
4 leaves at the apex ; fruit glabrous.—Native of Peru, at Tarma 
and Huanaco, on arid declivities. Galium croceum, Ruiz et 
Pav. fl, per. p. 126. Flowers 3-4-cleft. Fruit of a reddish 
copper-colour. 
Saffron-coloured-fruited Madder. Pl. procumbent. 
33 R. teviea‘ra (D.C. l. c.) plant quite glabrous ; stems 
tufted, much branched, diffuse ; leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate-ob- 
long or ovate-lanceolate; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, bear- 
ing 4 leaves at the apex; flower sessile, within the involucrum ; 
fruit glabrous, smooth. ©.? H. Native of Mexico, where it 
was collected by Henke. Galium Jzvigatum, Bartl. mss. 
Smooth Madder. Pl. diffuse. 
34 R.? corymposa (D. C. prod. 4. p. 591.) stems creeping, 
filiform ; branches alternate, erect, corymbosely dichotomous, 
tetragonal; leaves 4 ina whorl, sessile, approximate, oblong- 
lanceolate, rather ciliated, glabrous ; peduncles 1-flowered, bear- 
ing each 4 bracteas : fruit glabrous.—Native of Peru, on the 
