646 RUBIACE#. 
high mountains of Tarma, at Bombom. 
Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 59. 
Corymbose-flowered Madder. 
Galium corymbosum, 
The roots dye a red colour. 
Pl. creeping. 
* * Berries hairy or scabrous. Leaves 1-nerved. 
35 R. nypoca’rrta (D. C. prod. 4. p. 591.) stems tetragonal, 
hispid from long villi along the angles; leaves oval-oblong, hairy 
on both surfaces; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, hardly shorter 
than the leaves; bracteas oblong, rather hairy ; flower as well 
as the fruit almost sessile within the involucrum ; berries rather 
hairy.— Native of Jamaica. P. Browne, jam. p.141. Valantia 
hypocarpia, Lin. spec. 1491. Swartz, obs. p. 385. R. Brownei, 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 397. Berries blackish. 
Under-fruited Madder. PI. straggling. 
86 R. Re'taun (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 229.) 
the whole plant is scabrous, and clothed with short pili; stems 
acutely tetragonal; leaves obovate-elliptic, obtuse, mucronate, 
rather membranous, with ciliated margins, scabrous from hairs 
on both surfaces ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, opposite or 
verticillate ; bracteas broad-lanceolate; flower sessile; berry 
sessile, globose, rather pilose. 2%. F. Native of Chili, Brazil, 
and Caraccas. Poep. pl. exsic. chil. no. 705. Feuill. obs. 3. p. 
60. t. 45. R. Chilénsis, Willd. spec. 1. p. 604. but not of 
Mol. The plant is called Relbun in Chili, as well as other 
species; and the roots are red, and used for dyeing like the 
common madder. 
Relbun Madder. Pl. straggling. 
37 R. Ricwarpra'na (Gill. mss. ex Hook. et Arn. in bot. 
misc. 3. p. 362.) plant glabrous, scabrous, shining ; stems erect- 
ish, teretely quadrangular ; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear-oblong, 
acute, l-nerved, one-half shorter than the internodes; peduncles 
opposite or in whorles, equal in length to the leaves, bearing 4 
bracteas and 3 flowers at the apex ; fruit tubercular in the im- 
mature state.—Andes of Mendoza. 
Richardson's Rubia. Pl. straggling. 
38 R. Hayxea'na (Gill, mss, ex Hook. bot. misc. 3. p. 
363.) plant hairy, hoary ; stems procumbent, terete ; leaves 4 in 
a whorl, linear, acute, deflexed, one-nerved, broader at the base ; 
peduncles in whorles much longer than the leaves, bearing 3 
flowers and 4 bracteas at the apex; fruit tubercular, scabrous. 
u.F. Native of Chili, about Mendoza. 
Henke’s Rubia. P). procumbent. 
39 R. pusrtia (Gill. mss. ex Hook. et Arn. in bot. misc. 3. 
p. 363.) plant tufted, glabrous, branched, shining ; stems smooth, 
terete, furrowed ; leaves 4 in a whorl, oblong-linear, mucronate, 
with smoothish margins ; peduncles equal in Jength to the leaves, 
bearing 3 flowers and 3 bracteas at the apex; fruit minutely tu- 
bercular when immature. %. F. Native of Chili, in the pro- 
vince of San Louis. This has quite the appearance of some 
states of Galium pumilum. 
Small Rubia. Pl. straggling. 
40 R. Ortnoce’nsis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p- 
239.) stems tetragonal, glabrous, scabrous on the angles; branches 
pilose ; leaves on short petioles, oblong, acute, pilose, one-half 
shorter than the internodes ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, soli- 
tary ; flower almost sessile, within the involucrum; berries 
pilose. Y.F. Native on the banks of the Orinoco, in hot 
places, and cf the south of Brazil, ex Cham. et Schlecht. in 
Linnea. 4. p. 228. R. Bréwnei, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 397. Gà- 
lium pauciflorum, Willd. herb. 
Orinoco Madder. Pl. straggling. 
41 R. Mucrona‘ta (Hook. et Arn. in bot. mise. 3. p. 363.) 
stems prostrate, glabrous, terete, 4-furrowed, branched ; leaves 4 
in a whorl, linear-oblong, glabrous, shining, with revolute edges, 
3 times shorter than the internodes ; common peduncles axillary, 
longer than the leaves; flowers cymose. %. F. Native of 
CCXV. RUBIA 
Chili, about Conception and Tarma; and of Pera, in arid places, 
Galium leucocérpum, D. C. prod. 4. p. 612. Galium Tar- 
ménse, Spreng. syst. p. 27. G. mucronatum, Ruiz et Pav. fi. 
per. l. p. 66. G: apiculatum, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 222. 
Fruit milk coloured. 
Mucronate Madder. Pl. prostrate. 
42 R. inca‘na (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 338.) 
stems tetragonal, hoary from villi; leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate, 
short-acuminated, mucronate, with revolute margins, which are 
as well as the middle nerve hispid from pili ; peduncles axillary, 
1-flowered, length of leaves; flower sessile, within the involu- 
crum; berries rather pilose. 2. F. Native on the Andes about 
Quindiu, near El Moral. Corolla rather hairy outside. 
Hoary Madder. Pl. straggling. 
43 R.urrta (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 338.) 
stems tetragonal, hairy; leaves 4 in a whorl, on short petioles, 
oblong, acute, mucronate, hairy; peduncles axillary, opposite, 
1-flowered, hardly shorter than the leaves; flower sessile, within 
the involucrum; berries scabrous. 2. F. Native near the 
town of Quito. 
Hairy Madder. Pl. straggling. 
* ** Leaves $-nerved. Berries glabrous. 
44 R. noxia (St. Hil. pl. rem. bras. p. 229.) stems tetra- 
gonal, beset with retrograde bristles along the angles below, and 
hairy at top; leaves sessile, elliptic, obtuse, ending ina very short 
point, 3-nerved, membranous, rather pellucid, scabrous from pili 
above, and on the nerves beneath; peduncles axillary, solitary, 
1-flowered, pilose ; bracteas 4, ovate ; berries glabrous.—Native 
of Brazil, in woods in the province of Minas Geraes. Corollas 
greenish, hardly pilose. Flowers either sessile or pedicellate 
within the involucrum. Berries white. 
Hurtful Madder. PI. straggling. 
45 R. a’spera (Pohl, inlitt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 592.) pie 
tetragonal, glabrous, scabrous along the angles from retrograé 
bristles; leaves sessile, ovate, mucronulate, membranous, 3- 
nerved, rather scabrous along the margins and nerves, especially 
beneath, glabrous; peduncles axillary, tetragonal, rather longer 
than the leaves; bracteas oval, glabrous ; berries glabrous, ses- 
sile, within the involucrum. X4. F. Native of Brazil, where It 
was collected by Pohl. Nodi of stems scabrous from short 
crowded hairs. Bracteas greenish-yellow. Berries blackish. 
Rough Madder. Pl. straggling. 
46 R. virrv'sa (Pohl, in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p- 592.) MeT 
tetragonal, hispid ; leaves sessile, oval, acute, membranous $ 
nerved, hispid along the margins and nerves, especially beneat! i 
peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, longer than the leaves ; be 
4, ovate, acute, rather hispid ; berry glabrous, sessile within t 7 
involucrum. X4. F. Native of Brazil, where it was are 
by Pohl. Upper leaves smoothish. Peduncles 5-6 lines long: 
Berries blackish. 
Diffuse Madder. 
§ 3. Galioidee (this section contains plants having the ea 
of species of Galium). D. C. prod. 4. p. 492. American spee 
with tetrandrous flowers, which are disposed in dichotomous 
cymes, never girded by any involucra. 
47 R. sauisetoipes (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnæa. a 
232.) branches compressedly tetragonal, scabrous from pee 
grade bristles; leaves small, erectly adpressed, somewhat us ee 
gular, acute ; cymes divaricate, dichotomous or riches y 
flowers sessile in the forks; bracteas 4, under the branches > 
berries glabrous. 4%. F. Native of the south of Brazil. 
Horse-tail-like Madder. PI. straggling. : 3. p 
48 R. epHEpRoipes (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. aa 
231.) glabrous; stem nearly terete; branches acutely tetrag 4 
roughish ; leaves narrow-elliptic or linear, acute, smooth ; cy™ 
Pl. straggling. 
