RUBIACE. 
twice the length of the fruit. %. H. Native of Caucasus, 
among rocks, and in stony, dry places, on the Talusch mountains. 
Hyrcanian Bed-straw. PI. 1 foot. 
18 G. rre‘crum (Huds. angl. p. 68. Smith, engl. bot. 2067.) 
stems erect, branched at the top, tetragonal, smooth, equal ; 
leaves 6-8 in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, mucronate, stiff, having 
the margins serrulated with prickles; panicles trichotomous, 
lobes of corolla acuminated ; fruit glabrous, smooth. %. H. 
Native of Europe, in hedges and pastures. In England, on the 
bushy part of Heydon Common; and in dry hedges at Port-Slade. 
D.C. fl. fr. no. 3362. Req. diss. mss. G. provincialis, Lam. dict. 
2.p. 581. Stem slightly hairy under each joint. Marginal bristles 
of leaves pointing forwards. Flowers white. Perhaps a mere 
variety of G. Molligo. 
Var. B, licidum (D. C. 1. c.) lobes of corolla setaceously 
acuminated. 2%. H. Native of hills in Piedmont and Dauphiny. 
G. lucidum, All. ped. no. 21. t. 77. f. 2. G. rigidum, Vill. 
dauph, 2. p. 319. 
Var. y, scábridum (D. C. prod. 4. p- 596.) lower part of 
stem and lower leaves clothed with scabrous pubescence. %. 
H. Native of Switzerland and Austria, on dry hills. G. pu- 
béscens, Schleich. exsic. G. scdbrum, Jacq. fl. aust. t. 422. 
G. lùcidum, 6, Gaud. fl. helv. 1. p. 419. 
Var. ò, approximàtum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) whorles of 
leaves closer together. Y.H. G.lùcidum, Hort. par. 
Erect Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Britain. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
19 G. Morrv'co (Lin. spec. p. 155.) stems flaccid, tetra- 
pona, thickened above the nodi, glabrous, spreadingly branched ; 
eaves 6-8 in a whorl, elliptic-obovate, mucronate, spreading, 
serrated a little; peduncles much branched, disposed in pani- 
cles ; lobes of corolla acuminated ; fruit glabrous, smooth. %. 
x Native almost throughout Europe and Caucasus, in hedges ; 
Ponal in Britain. Eder. fi. dan. t. 455. Bull. herb. t. 283. 
a engl. bot. t. 1673. Lob. icon. t. 802. f. 12. G. boreàle, 
mo ex Benth.—Petiv. herb. brit. t. 30. f. 4. Flowers 
ace and sometimes yellowish. Herb very variable in height 
a breadth of leaves. Leaves hairy on the margins and keel, 
a never rough to the touch. The plant is called Wild Madder, 
and Great Bastard Madder. The roots are creeping, and yield 
eg dye like the true Madder, but of a brighter colour : like 
at also they dye the bones of animals red that feed on them. 
i4 au. B, arisiàtum (Dub. bot. gall. p. 249.) lobes of corolla 
ore. 4y. H. G. aristatum, Lin. spec. 152. D.C. fl. 
4. p. 255. 
a: Y» scàbrum (D. C. fl. fr. no. 3361. B.) lower parts of 
; ms and lower leaves scabrous from hairs. 2. H. Native of 
ea places. G. scàbrum, With. brit. 190. 
i id ò, elàtum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) stems taller and more 
S at the joints. œ. H. Native of moist places, as bogs. 
-elatum, Thuill. fl. par. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 76. 
Mollugo, or Great-hedge Bed-straw. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. 
-2 to 4 feet, 
ag G. rruticdsus (Willd. spec. 1. p. 585.) stems suffrutes- 
blu » glabrous, tetragonal; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear, very 
aad flowers densely panicled at the tops of the 
N nches ; lobes of corolla acuminated ; fruit glabrous. %. H. 
“ative of Candia. Cruciata Crética fruticdsa, flore albo, Tourn. 
Cor. p. 4. Very nearly allied 7 
y allied to G. Mollùgo. 
Shrubby Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Cit. 1819. Sh. 1 ft. 
ou Mepirerra'veum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 596.) stems 
vate eE: tetragonal, smooth ; lower leaves 4 in a whorl, obo- 
Aire ucronulate : upper leaves 6 in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, 
"ersak with rather scabrous margins ; peduncles di-tricho- 
ies obes of corolla ending in an awn; fruit glabrous. Y. H. 
ive of Corsica, on Mount Reston, where it was collected by 
: apenas and on the mountains of Liguria, by Badaro. G. 
-I 
CCXVI. Garum. 649 
campéstre, Dub. bot. gall. 1. p. 248. but not of Willd. Flowers 
white or yellowish. It differs from G. campéstre in the stem 
being smooth, not scabrous on the angles, in the form of the 
leaves, and in the awned lobes of the corolla. 
Mediterranean Bed-straw. Pl. ascending. 
22 G. ma’ximum (Moris, elench. sard. 1. p. 55.) plant gla- 
brous; stems smoothish, much branched, erect; leaves 6 ina 
whorl, oblong-linear, obtuse, with scabrous edges; branches 4 
in a whorl; peduncles trichotomous; Jobes of corolla acutish ; 
fruit glabrous. 2/.H. Native of Sardinia, among bushes, and 
in wet pastures by the sea side. 
Largest Bed-straw. PI. 2 to 5 feet.? 
23 G. Insu’sricum (Gaud. fl. helv. 1. p. 421.) plant gla- 
brous ; stems decumbent, much branched; leaves obovate, 
apiculated, serrated with prickles: cauline ones 6 in a whorl: 
rameal ones 4 in a whorl; umbels trifid, few-flowered ; bracteas 
oblong, solitary ; lobes of corolla drawn out into a thread each; 
fruit glabrous. X4. H. Native of Switzerland and Insubria, 
in rocky, stony places. Flowers very small, white. Allied to 
G. Moltigo. 
Insubrian Bed-straw. Pl. decumbent. 
24 G. Pyrena‘icum (Gouan, ill. p. 5. t. 1. f. 4.) plant tufted, 
quite glabrous, greenish-glaucous, shining ; stems striated, smooth ; 
leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, aristate, erect, approximate, rather 
tumid at the base; pedicels axillary, solitary, 3 times shorter 
than the leaves, 1-flowered; fruit glabrous. %. H. Native 
of the Pyrenees, especially on the eastern and central ranges ; 
and on the top of Mount Olympus, in Bithynia. Lin. fil. suppl. 
p. 121. D.C. fl. fr. no. 3373. exclusive of the syn. of Vill. 
Sibth. et Smith, fl. grec. t. 131. G. muscoides, Lam. dict. 2. p. 
580. Flowers pure white. Leaves keeled, with revolute edges. 
Pyrenean Bed-straw. Pl. + foot, tufted. 
25 G. Vitxa‘rsu (Req. in Guer. in vaucl. ed. 2. p. 250.) 
stems flaccid, filiform, glabrous, much branched ; leaves 4-6 in 
a whorl, oblong-linear, soft, mucronate, with smoothish margins ; 
peduncles by threes, trifid, subumbellate : lobes of corolla awn- 
less ; fruit smooth, glabrous. 2. H. Native of the Alps of 
Europe and the Pyrenees, on rocks, or in stony pastures. D. C. 
fl. fr. suppl. p. 497. Gaud. in Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 
220. Benth. cat. p. 80. G. megalospérma, All. ped. no. 55. 
t. 79. f. 4.2? Vill. dauph. 2. p. 517. t. 7. but not of Lam. G. 
sylvéstre virens, Gaud. fl. helv. 1. p. 432. G. megalospérmum, 
suaveolens, and cometerhizon, Lapeyr. abrig. and suppl. ex 
Benth. Herb blackish in the dried state. Fruit larger than in 
the allies. Flowers small, white. 
Villars’s Bed-straw. FI. June, July. Clt. 1823. Pl. dec. 
26 G. viicindsum (Lin. spec. 153.) stems weak, erectish, 
scabrous along the angles; leaves 6 in a whorl, obovate-lanceo- 
late, serrulated on the margins and nerve, with retrograde 
prickles, mucronate, stiff; peduncles almost terminal, trichoto- 
mous; lobes of corolla acute; fruit glabrous, dotted. %. H. 
Native of Europe and Siberia, in bogs, wet meadows, and ditches, 
among reeds; plentiful in Britain. D.C. fl. fr. no. 3371. Req. 
diss. Smith, engl. bot. t. 1972. Schrad. spic. 17. t. 1. f.1. Hook. 
fl. lond. fasc. 1. t. 21. G. spinuldsum, Merat, ex Lejeun. fl. spa. 
p. 33.? G. supinum, f, Lam. dict. 2. p. 579. G. spùrium, £, Sut. 
fl. helv. no. 175. Corollas white; anthers purplish. Root and 
lateral shoots creeping. 
Var. a, Witheringii (D. C. prod. 4. p. 597.) leaves lanceolate : 
lower ones 5-6 in a whorl : upper 4 in a whorl, beset with hooked 
prickles on the margins: the serratures often tumid towards 
the apex. Y. H. Native of Scotland, in bogs. G. montànum, 
With. arr. p. 187. t. 28. G. Witheringii, Smith, fl. brit. p. 174. 
engl. bot. t. 2206. The prickles on the edges of the leaves are 
sometimes retrograde, sometimes straight, and sometimes forward, 
Bog Bed-straw. Fl. July, Aug. Britain, Pl. 1 foot, 
4 O 
