650 
27 G. ueLopes (Hoffm. et Link. fl. port. 2. p. 47.) stems 
weak, diffuse, scabrous; leaves 5-6 in a whorl, lanceolate- 
linear, mucronulate, scabrous above and on the margins ; 
panicles capillary. ¥%. H. Native of Portugal, in marshes 
about Torres Vedras. G. uligindsum, Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 150. 
It is very like G. uligindsum, and probably only a variety of it. 
Marsh Bed-straw. Fl. July. Clt. 1325. Pl. decumbent. 
28 G. PALU'STRE (Lin. spec. p. 153.) stems diffuse, tetragonal, 
rather scabrous ; leaves 4-6 in a whorl, obovate, obtuse, unequal, 
glabrous, with scabrous edges: superior ones lanceolate ; pedun- 
cles nearly terminal, trichotomous; lobes of corolla ovate, awn- 
less; fruit smooth, glabrous. 2%. H. Native of Europe and 
Siberia, on the banks of rivers and ditches, and in moist mea- 
dows; frequent in Britain. Œd. fl. dan. t. 423. Smith, engl. 
bot. t. 1857. Hook. fi. lond. fasc. 1. t. 20.—Petiv. brit. t. 30. f. 
5. Roots creeping. Flowers numerous, white. Plant tall when 
supported by other herbage. 
Var. B, constrictum (Dub. bot. gall. 1. p. 260.) leaves linear. 
Y. H. G. constrictum, Chaub. in St. Amans. fl. agr. bouq. t. 2. 
G. elongàtum, Presl. fl. sic. prod. p. 59. 
Var. y, dèbile (D. C. prod. 4. p. 597.) leaves 5-6 in a whorl ; 
stem roughish, X. H. G. dèbile, Desv. obs. fl. par. 134. 
G. uliginòsum, Mer. fl. par. 2. p. 220. 
Fen Bed-straw. FI. July, Aug. Britain. Pl. 3 to 4 feet. 
29 G. superdsum (Sibth. et Smith, fl. grec. t. 128.) stems 
diffuse, much branched, smooth; leaves 4 in a whorl, lanceolate, 
acute, glabrous ; flowers terminal and axillary, by threes; fruit 
glabrous. 4%. H. Native of Candia, on the mountains. Leaves 
with roughish margins. Flowers greenish-purple, bracteolate. 
Bracteas ciliated, ovate, acute. 
Corky-fruited Bed-straw. PI. diffuse. 
30 G. SATUREIÆFÒLIUM (Trev. mag. nat. amic. berl. 1815. 
vol. 7. p. 146.) stems flaccid, scabrous along the angles ; lower 
leaves 6 in a whorl, rameal ones 4 in a whorl, linear-elliptic, un- 
equal; branches of panicle dichotomous, panicled; fruit gla- 
brous, spherical, emarginate. %. H. Native of Tauria, among 
reeds about Astrachan; and of Caucasus, in humid places near 
Lenkeran, mixed with G. paltstre, Bieb. suppl. 106. G. pa- 
lústre, Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 103. Corolla white. 
Savory-leaved Bed-straw. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1817. Pl. 1ft. 
31 G. trivium (Lin. spec. p. 153.) stems ascending or pro- 
cumbent, scabrous below; leaves 4-6 in a whorl, linear, obtuse, 
scabrous on the margins and nerve beneath ; peduncles slender, 
spreading, trifid; lobes of corolla 3-4, obtuse; fruit glabrous, 
smooth. %4. H. Native of Sweden, Norway, Lapland, Island 
of Unalaska, and Falkland Islands, in humid places; and of the 
Island of Sitka. Œd. fl. dan. t. 48. Cham. et Schlecht. in 
Linnæa. 3. p. 221. Torr. fl. un. st. 1. p. 165. G. Claytòni, 
Michx. fl. bor, amer. 1. p. 78. G. trífidum and G. Claytòni, 
Roem. et Schultes, syst. G. tinctòrium, Richards. in Frankl. 
journ. append. 732. Corollas white. This species varies in 
size from an inch to a foot in length. 
Var. B, latifolium (Torr. fl. un. st. 1. p. 165.) leaves obovate- 
cuneated. %. H. Native of North America. 
Trifid-peduncled Bed-straw. Fl. Ju. July. Clt.1826. Pl. proc. 
32 G. rincrorium (Lin. spec. p. 153.) stems decumbent, 
smooth ; leaves 4-6 in a whorl, linear, obtuse, scabrous on the 
margins and keel; peduncles axillary and terminal, elongated, 
subcorymbose, many-flowered ; lobes of corolla 4, obtuse; fruit 
glabrous, smooth. %. H. Native of North America, in low 
marshy places, as in Canada, United States, Newfoundland ; 
Straits of De Fiica, on the North-west Coast. Very nearly allied 
to the preceding, but differs from it in the stems being smooth, 
in the peduncles being longer, and in the flowers being always 4- 
parted. It is said that from the roots of this species the Indians 
prepare the red dye with which they colour the feathers and 
RUBIACEZ. CCXVI. Garum. 
other ornaments of their dress. Some states of G. palistre, in 
our country, when they have more numerous leaves than usual, 
are scarcely distinguishable from the G. tinctorium, 
Dyers’ Bed-straw. Pl. decumbent. 
33 G. opru'sum (Torr. fl. bost. ed. 2. p. 55.) stems smooth; 
procumbent, tetragonal; leaves 4 in a whorl, oblanceolate, obtuse, 
roughish on the margins and nerve; peduncles 3-flowered ; lobes 
of corolla acute ; fruit smooth, globose. 2. H. Native about 
Boston, on the banks of rivers and rivulets. Corollas white. 
Blunt-leaved Bed-straw. Pl. procumbent. 
34 G. aspre’titum (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 178.) stems 
diffuse, much branched, tetragonal, rough from retrograde 
prickles along the angles; cauline leaves 6 in a whorl, rameal 
ones 4, lanceolate, acuminated, prickly on the nerve and mar- 
gins; floriferous branches divaricate, many-flowered ; pedicels 
short; lobes of corolla awnless ; fruit glabrous. 2/. H. Native 
of North America, from Canada to Virginia. Pursh. fl. amer. 
sept. 1. p. 103. Flowers white. Perhaps the same as G. Clay- 
toni or G. trifidum. 
Rough Bed-straw. PI. decumbent. 
35 G. Hetve'ricum (Weig. obs. p. 24.) stems weak, tufted, 
glabrous; leaves 4-6 in a whorl, oblong-linear, mucronate, at- 
tenuated at the base, with scabrous margins; peduncles shorter 
than the leaves, nearly terminal, few-flowered ; fruit glabrous, 
smooth ; lobes of corolla obtuse. 2. H. Native of Dauphiny, 
Piedmont, Spain, Pyrenees, Switzerland, on rocks. Gaud. fl. 
helv. 1. p. 434. &e. Lam. dict. 2. p. 584. Req. diss. mss. G. 
Baldénse, Spreng. pug. 1. p. 10. ex Jan. et Gaud. Plant be- 
coming black on drying. Flowers white.—Juss. mem. de Tacad. 
de Par. 1714. t. 15. f. 1. 
Swiss Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. Pl. 4 foot. 
36 G. saxa’rite (Lin. spec. 154. Smith, engl. bot. R 
stems procumbent or straggling, glabrous ; leaves 6 in a whorl, 
obovate, obtuse, mucronate, roughish on the edges ; flowers n 
forked lateral and terminal panicles ; fruit didymous, granulated. 
4%. H. Native of Sweden, Germany, France ; plentiful in Bri- 
tain, on heaths and hilly ground. G; Hercýnicum, Weig. obs. p. 
25. D. C. icon. rar. t. 25. G. montanum, Huds. angl. p. Ze 
G. procimbens, With. 187.—Petiv. herb. brit. t. 30. f, 8. G 
multicaúle, var. Wallr. in litt. Root creeping. Plant becoming 
blackish on drying. Flowers white, copious. — b 
Hercynian Bed-straw. Fl. Ju. Aug. Britain. P]. procumd. 
37 G. asrertrortum (Wall. in Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 381.) stems 
branched, weak, tetragonal, scabrous from recurved hairs along 
the angles; leaves 6 in a whorl, oblong-linear, somewhat sed, 
neated, mucronate, rather scabrous above, but beset with 4 
curved hairs on the nerve beneath and margins; peduncles yer 
lary, many-flowered, disposed in a kind of leafy — oa 
glabrous.—Native of Nipaul. Req. diss. mss. G. parvi ge 
D. Don, prod. fl. nep. 133. Flowers white, but blackish w 4 
dried. Lower leaves 8 in a whorl. The stem and branches 4! 
soft, while the leaves are harsh. 
Rough-leaved Bed-straw. PI. diffuse. pee 
38 G. A’runicum (Biv. man. 4. p. 21.) root creeping; 5 kly 
tetragonal, smooth ; leaves 6 in a whorl, mucronate, with pi $ 
serrated margins : lower ones spatulate, upper anes De Bia 
duncles trichotomous, disposed in a short panicle; lobes of cor n 
awned. %. H. Native of Mount Etna, above the Kpa: 
region. Guss. prod. 1. p. 174. fl. sic. ined. t. 63. f. 1. G. pa 
crium, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 238. G. Æthnénse, saii 
fl. sic. p. 60. Flowers white. Very nearly allied to G. pr 
Root long, red. Leaves 8-9 in a whorl, ex Roem. et Schultes. 
Etna Bed-straw. Pl. tufted. 
39 G. rrutice’scens (Cav. icon. 3. p. 3. t. 206. f. 1) 
suffrutescent at the base, erect ; branches tetragonal, aie ves 
leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, mucronate, subrevolute ; pe se 
