RUBIACEÆ. CCXVI. Gariom. 
Var. y. scàbrum (D.C. prod. 4. p. 601.) fruit hispid from 
crowded bristles, which are hooked at the apex. G. boreale , 
Lam. G. boreale, Lin. spec. 156. D.C. fl. no. 3385. but not 
of Lapeyr. Oed. fl. dan. t. 1024. Smith, eng. bot. t. 105. Svensk. 
bot, t. 122, G. nervésum a, Lam. fl. fr. 
Northern Bed-straw. Fl, July. Britain. Pl. 1 foot. 
64 G. serreNTRIONA LE (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 253.) 
stems erect, straight, tetragonal, smoothish, downy at the nodi ; 
leaves 4 in a whorl, oblong-lanceolate, 3-nerved, ciliated at the 
base; peduncles axillary, much longer than the leaves, trichoto- 
mous, disposed into a terminal panicle; bracteas oblong, acute. 
%.H. Native of North America, about lakes in Canada and 
the State of New York. Bigel. fl. bost. ed. 2. p. 54. G. boreale, 
Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 104. Torr. fl. un. st. L. p. 169. Hock. 
fl. bor, amer. 1. p. 289. G. strictum, Torr. cat. new York, 23. 
Flowers milk-coloured, very numerous. Fruit beset with hook- 
ed bristles. Like the European G. boreale this is liable to con- 
siderable variation, and generally passes into the usual state of 
G. boredle. The Cree women dye red with the roots of this and 
G. Claytonii indiscriminately, ex Richardson. 
Northern Bed-straw. Pi. 14 foot. 
65 G. coriaceum (Bunge in Ledeb. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 216.) 
stems branched, tetragonal, scabrous at the base; leaves coria- 
ceous, shining, with revolute scabrous edges: lower ones 4 in a 
whorl, obovate-oblong : upper ones opposite, oval, rather sca- 
brous, as well as the stems; peduncles axillary, 2-4-flowered ; 
fruit hispid from hooked pili at the base, much shorter than the 
pedicels, u.H. Native of Siberia, in the fissures of rocks at 
the river Katunga, at a place called Boom, and at the river 
Tschuja. Peduncles slender, bifid, trifid, rarely twice trifid, 
rather hispid. Flowers yellowish-white. 
Coriaceous-leaved Bed-straw. PI. 4 to 1 foot. 
66 G. circa zans (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 30.) stems 
erect, smooth; leaves 4 in a whorl, oval, obtuse, smooth, 3- 
herved, ciliately scabrous along the nerves and margins; pe- 
duncles axillary and terminal, divaricate, few-flowered, longer 
than the leaves; fruit drooping, beset with hooked bristles. 
A H. Native of North America, from Carolina to New 
ingland and Boston, in rocky mountain woods. Torr. fl. un. 
st. 1. p. 168. Bigel. fl. bost. ed. 2. p. 55. G. boreale, Walt. 
Fi P. 87. G. brachiàtum, Muhl. cat. 1. p. 15. G. circæoìdes, 
œm, et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 256. Flowers milk-coloured. 
Circæa-like Bed-straw. Pl. 1 to 14 foot. 
‘i G. tanceoza‘rum (Torr. fl. un. st. 1. p- 163.) stems erect, 
glabrous ; leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate-lanceolate, acute, with 
ciliately scabrous edges, 3-nerved at the base; peduncles termi- 
nal, dichotomous, divaricate, longer than the leaves; flowers 
ates sessile, deflexed ; corollas very acute ; fruit beset with 
ooked bristles. 2. H. Native of North America, in the 
states of New York, Massachusetts, and Boston; and of Canada 
about Quebec. G. circæ'zans B lanceolatum, Torr. cat. new 
york, p. 23. G. Torréyi, Bigel. fl. bost. ed. 2. p. 56. G. cir- 
cæ zans var. Nutt. Flowers milk-coloured. 
anceolate-leaved Bed-straw. PI. 1 to 14 foot. 
a 68 G. Bracuia'rum (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p- 103.) stems 
accid, elongated, brachiately branched, hispid ; branches short ; 
“leg 6 in a whorl, oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, glabrous, 
‘ates 3 the margins and keel ciliated by bristles; floriferous 
ranches verticillate, longer than the leaves, divaricately dicho- 
tomous ; pedicels 2-flowered ; fruit beset with hooked bristles. 
y „H. Native of North America, from New England to Vir- 
En in meadows, and on the margins of woods, frequent. G. 
ongicaúle, Rafin. fl. lud. p. 75.? Flowers white. 
Brachiate Bed-straw. Pl. 1 to 14 foot. 
te) G. cusripa‘rum (Muhl, cat. ex Ell. sketch. carol. 1. p. 
-) stems prostrate, glabrous; leaves usually 6 in a whorl, 
653 
lanceolate, acuminated, a little ciliated; peduncles trifid; lobes 
of corolla acuminated ; fruit pilose. %.H. Native of Carolina 
and Georgia. Flowers white. Fruit beset with long white pili. 
Cuspidate-flowered Bed-straw. Pl. prostrate. 
70 G. uispr’putum (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1, p. 79.) stems 
procumbent, much branched, hispid; leaves 4 in a whorl, oval- 
lancevlate, acuminated, with revolute edges, wrinkled, hispid on 
both surfaces; flowers nearly solitary, terminal; fruit hispid. 
Y%.H. Native of Lower Carolina. Perhaps the same as G. 
lappaceum, fl. per. 1. p. 59.? ex Pursh, fl. sept. amer. 1. p. 104. 
Flowers white. 
Small-hispid Bed-straw. Pl. procumbent. 
71 G. DENSIFLÒRUM (Led. fl. alt. ill. t. 194. fl. alt. 1. p. 187.) 
stems many from the same root, erect or ascending, glabrous ; 
leaves 8 in a whorl, oblong-linear, cuspidate, glabrous with sca- 
brous margins; panicles coarctate ; segments of corolla mucro- 
nulate; ovarium villous. 2%. H. Native of Siberia, near 
Smejow. Rameal leaves sometimes 6-7 in a whorl, pale green. 
Panicles from the tops of the stem and branches. Corollas 
greenish-yellow. 
Dense-flowered Bed-straw. PI. 1 foot. 
72 G. puncticutosum (Michx. fi. bor. amer. 1. p. 80.) stems 
erect, branched, smoothish ; leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate, obtuse, 
glabrous, but rather downy on the margins and nerves, full of 
pellucid dots ; floriferous branches elongated, trifid at the apex ; 
flowers pedicellate ; fruit beset with hooked bristles. 4%. H. 
Native of South Carolina, in humid places. Req. diss. ined. ex 
herb. D. C. G. punctàtum, Pers. ench. 1. p. 128. G. Ber- 
mudiànum, Pursh, fl. sept. amer. 1. p. 104. and probably of Lin. 
spec. 153. G. purpùreum, Walt. carol.—Pluk. alm. t. 248. f. 
6. Flowers purple. Fruit purple. 
Var. B, pilòsum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 601.) stems hispid ; leaves 
villous on both surfaces, and full of pellucid dots. %.H. Na- 
tive of the states of New York and Boston, in dry pastures and 
woods. G. pilòsum, Ait. hort. kew. p. 145. Torr. fl. un. st. I. 
p. 167. The dots on the leaves less pellucid, and villi more 
conspicuous than in var. a, but very like ít. 
Small-dotted-leaved Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1778. 
Pl. 1 foot. 
73 G. rrirtorum (Michx. fl. amer. bor. 1. p. 80.) stems 
procumbent, tetragonal, hispid or smoothish; leaves 6 in a 
whorl, oblong, cuspidate, glabrous, scabrous along the nerves and 
edges, 1-nerved; peduncles axillary and terminal, 3-flowered, 
longer than the whorles of leaves; flowers pedicellate ; fruit be- 
set with bristles, which are hooked at the apex. 2. H. Native 
of Carolina, Pennsylvania, New York, Canada, Unalaschka, 
Siteha, and Norland, in rather humid shady places. It is com- 
mon from Quebec to the Rocky Mountains, and as far north as 
lat. 55°, and from the west side of the Rocky Mountains to the 
Pacific. Torrey, fl. 
Muhl. cat. p. 15. 
diss. mss. ex herb. D.C, 
rough stems, as in G. aparine, or glabrous stems, 
small, white. Habit and scent of Aspérula odorata. 
Var. B. viridiflorum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 602.) stems smooth ; 
corollas green. %. Native about Moscow, in mossy woods. 
G. hyssopifdlium, Goldb. in litt. 1821. Req. diss. mss. in herb. 
D 
Flowers 
Cs 
Three-flonered Bed-straw. Fl. June, July. Clit. 1821. PI. 
procumbent. 
74 G. mari timum (Lin. mant. p. 38. but not of Thunb. prod. 
3.) plant villous all over; stems much branched, tetragonal ; 
leaves 4-6 in a whorl, but the ultimate ones are opposite, all 
lanceolate-linear, acute ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered ; corollas 
and fruit villous or hispid outside, Y%.H. Native of Nice and 
