RUBIACEÆ. CCXVI. Garivm. 
Var. È, trachyphyllum (Wallr. 1. c.) stems and leaves rather 
scabrous ; fruit glabrous; flowers deep yellow. 2.H. Native 
of Europe and Caucasus, in open places. Mill. fig. t. 129. 
Oed. fl. dan. t. 1146. Mart. fl. rust. t. 54. Curt. fl. lond. 6. t. 
13. Smith, engl. bot. t. 660. G. vérum pubéscens, Guss. prod. 
171. G. tuberculatum, Presl, del. prag. p- 120. 
Var. B, trachycárpum (D. C. prod. 4. p. 603.) stems and 
leaves rather scabrous ; fruit hairy. 4y. H. Native of Eastern 
Caucasus, on the Lower Volga, &c. G. vèrum var. Gold. in 
litt. G. verosímile, Schultes, syst. 3. p. 234. ? Perhaps G. 
Caucásicum, Lag. cat. hort. madr. p. 95. 
Var. ò, maritimum (D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 248.) stems low, much 
branched, glabrous at the base, villous at the apex ; ovaries 
com u. H. Native of Armoracia, in sand by the sea 
side. 
Var. c, tomentdsum (Meyer, verz. pfl. p. 54.) stems and fruit 
densely clothed with tomentum. yu. H. Native of Caucasus, 
on the tops of the Talusch mountains near Drych. 
The common name Bed-straw given to all the species is from 
the verb to strew, anciently written straw. Before the invention 
of feather-beds a variety of herbs were used to strew beds with; 
among these doubtless this was one. In Johnson’s edition of 
Gerard, it is called our Ladies’ Bed-straw (p. 1127.). From the 
notion of its curdling milk, Dioscorides has named it yadcor ; 
and it is said to have been used in many parts for this purpose, 
but from later experiments it has not succeeded in coagulating 
milk. It has probably been put into milk destined to make 
cheese, not so much for the purpose of curdling it, as of giving 
It a flavour, or as Matthiolus expresses it, to make it eat the 
sweeter. The French formerly prescribed the flowers in hysteric 
and epileptic cases. Boiled in alum-water the flowering stems 
dye a good yellow colour. The roots dye a very fine red, not 
inferior to madder. 
True Ladies’ Bed-straw or Chcese-rennet. 
Britain. P]. 1 to 2 feet. 
86 G. Rurue’xicum (Willd. spec. 1. p. 596.) leaves 8 in a 
whorl, linear-filiform, cuspidate, with revolute scabrous margins; 
stems also scabrous; flowers panicled; peduncles pubescent ; 
fruit hispid from villi. 4%. H. Native of Siberia and Cauca- 
Sus, growing along with G. vérum. Flowers deep yellow. 
, Var. B, rosmarinif dlium (Ledeb. fi. alt. 1. p. 138.) leaves 8-10 
in a whorl, linear, shining above and pubescent, and clothed 
with hoary tomentum beneath, with revolute edges; stems to- 
mentose suffruticose at the base; panicle coarctate; fruit vil- 
lous. %. H. Native of Siberia, at the river Tschuja, in the 
araic desert in dry exposed places, 
Ruthian Lady’s Bed-straw. Pl. 1 foot. 
87 G. VE Ro-Mot.v'co (Wallr. in Schiede, pl. hybr. p. 64.) 
Stems tetragonal, rather downy; leaves sublanceolate-linear, 
tather scabrous, with revolute scabrous edges, downy beneath ; 
panicles rather divaricate ; flowers rather distant ; corollas cream 
coloured, with acutish segments. 2%.H. Native of Germany. 
This is a hybrid raised from the seed of G. verum, impregnated 
by G. Molligo. G, vérum 3, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 233. 
G, Molligo var. ochreoleiica of authors. 
Vero-Mollugo or Hybrid Ladies’ Bed-straw. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 
88 G. Tunrra'num (Lam. dict. 2. p. 583.) stems erect, terete, 
fanescent ; leaves 8-10 in a whorl, linear, downy, with rough 
revolute edges; peduncles many flowered, disposed in a pani- 
cle; fruit hispid. %. F. Native of Tunis, about Algiers in 
hedges, Desf. fl. atl. 1. p- 129. Poir. voy. 2. p. 110. Stems 
villous, Flowers yellow. Resembles G. vérum. 
unis Bed-straw. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 
89 G. mixv'rum (Lin. spec. p. 154.) stems decumbent, 
meia 3. leaves 8 in a whorl, lanceolate, mucronate, serrated 
rom prickles, glabrous, incurved ; peduncles reflexed ; fruit 
FI. July, Aug. 
655 
fleshy. %. H. Native of Russia. Gmel. sib. 3. p. 169. no. 
45. Flowers yellow. The plant resembles G. vérum very 
much, and is probably only a variety of it. 
Minute Bed-straw. Pl. decumbent. 
90 G. nomirv'sum (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 104.) stems prostrate, 
much branched, villous ; leaves 6 in a whorl, linear, spreading 
much, villous; floriferous branches axillary, aggregate ; lobes of 
corolla acutish; fruit downy. 2%. H. Native of Caucasus, 
Tauria, on the lower Volga, in exposed places, and by way sides 
common, Corollas cream-coloured} anthers yellow. Habit and 
inflorescence like that of G. vérum. 
Trailing Bed-straw. Pl. trailing. 
91 G. arena’rium (Lois. fl. gall. p. 85.) plant glabrous ; stems 
prostrate, much branched ; leaves 6-10 in a whorl, linear-oblong, 
short-apiculated, thick, with revolute rather scabrous edges ; 
corymbs small, on short peduncles, crowded into a panicle ; fruit 
glabrous, rather fleshy. %. H. Native of the west of France, 
from Bayonne even to Armoracea on the south, in the sand by the 
sea side. D. C. fl. fr. suppl. p. 495. G. hierosolymitanum, Thor. 
chl. land. 40. but not of Lin. G. megalospérmum var. 3, D. 
C. fi. fr. ed. 3. no. $350. exclusive of var.a. G. minùtum, Aubr. 
morb. p. 16. Flowers yellow, varying from 3-5-cleft. Distinct 
from the sea side variety of G. vérum. 
Sand Bed-straw. P]. prostrate. 
§ 7. Ericogalia (from erica, a heath, and galium; the habit of 
the species is that of E’rica). D. C. prod. 4. p. 604. Perennial 
or suffruticose plants. Leaves 4-6 in a whorl. Inflorescence axil- 
lary. Flowers hermaphrodite. 
92 G. Ericoipes (Lam. dict. 2. p. 583.) stems suffruticose, 
much branched, downy; Jeaves approximate, 4-5 in a whorl, 
linear-lanceolate, with revolute margins, apiculated, stiff, smooth- 
ish ; flowers axillary, nearly sessile, solitary, bibracteate ; corolla 
pilose outside; fruit covered with stiff short hairs. k. G., 
Native of Monte-Video and Chili. Cham. et Schlecht. in Lin- 
næa. 3. p. 225. Larger leaves 2-3 lines long, and the smaller 
ones only half a line. Flowers minute, cream-coloured. Fas- 
cicles of leaves sessile, hence the plant has the habit of a heath. 
Stems decumbent. 
Var. B, intermedium (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 
225.) plant shrubby, clothed with short down; leaves linear, 
quite glabrous, ending in a long cusp each, h G. Native of 
Brazil, in Campo d’Utna. 
Var. y, atherddes (Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea. 3. p. 225.) 
quite glabrous in every part, as also the fruit; leaves linear, 
with revolute edges. .G. Native of Brazil, in Estrella do 
Campo Aguda. G. atherddes, Spreng. cur. post. p. 39. 
Heath-like Bed-straw. Pi. decumbent. 
93 G. ui’rrum (Lam. dict. 2. p. 583.) root woody ; stems 
herbaceous, branched, tetragonal, very leafy, hispid; leaves 4-5 
in a whorl, sessile, lanceolate, more or less hairy on both sur- 
faces; flowers axillary, verticillate, nearly sessile, bibracteate ; 
lobes of corolla acute ; fruit glabrous, tubercular. 41. G. Native 
of the south of Brazil and Monte-Video. Cham. et Schlecht. in 
Linnea. 3. p. 224. Req. diss. mss. G. refléxum, Pohl, in litt. 
G. megapotamicum, Spreng. cur. post. p. 39. ex Cham. et 
Schlecht. in Linnzea. Stems decumbent or erect. Flowers yel- 
low. Inflorescence of G, verticillatum. 
Hairy Bed-straw. PJ. decumbent or erect. 
94 G. camporum (Pohl, in litt. ex D.C. prod. 4. p. 604.) 
plant quite glabrous; stems erect, tetragonal; leaves 4 in a 
whorl, sessile, linear, acutish, spreading, with revolute edges, 
more or less ciliated; flowers axillary, almost sessile; fruit 
finely granulated.—Native of Brazil, where it was collected by 
Pohl. Flowers small. Fruit almost like that of G. spurium, 
but differs in being almost sessile. Leaves 4 lines long. Allied 
