676 VALERIANEZ. 
lobes or leaflets oblong or acuminated, and the terminal one 
broad-ovate or roundish, cordate, serrated; corymbs ample ; 
fruit glabrous. %. H. Native of the Pyrenees, in woods ; and 
of Scotland, in woods, particularly about Edinburgh and Glas- 
gow. D.C. fl. fr. no. 3317. Sowerb. engl. bot. t. 1591.— 
Pluk. phyt. t. 232. f. 1. V.Canadénsis, Riv. mon. t. 6.— 
Buxb. cent. 2. p. 19. t.11. A showy pale green herb, with 
large leaves. Flowers pale red, disposed in ample corymbs. 
There is also a white flowered variety of this plant. 
Pyrenean Valerian. Fl. May, June. Scotland. Pl. 2 to 4 ft. 
45 V. Ira'tica (Lam. ill. 1. p. 92.) plant glabrous, erect ; 
stems terete, nearly smooth; radical leaves petiolate, undivided, 
ovate-oblong, remotely toothed, the rest pinnate; leaflets or 
lobes ovate or ovate-oblong, toothed; corymbs subpanicled ; 
fruit glabrous. %. H. Native of Liguria and Candia, on the 
mountains. Vahl, enum. 2. p. 6. Dufr. val. p. 45. V. tube- 
rosa, Imp. hist. nat. ed. 2. p- 656. with a figure. Flowers 
truly triandrous, not tetrandrous, as said by Lam. and Vahl. 
Italian Valerian. Pl. 1 to 2 feet? 
46 V. rLonea‘ra (Lin. spec. p. 1664.) plant glabrous, erect ; 
stems striated ; radical leaves petiolate, oval; cauline leaves ses- 
sile, subcordate or hastate ; upper leaves deeply 3-5-cleft, acute ; 
panicle elongated, with the lateral branches short and subcorym- 
bose ; corolla very short, tubularly campanulate ; fruit glabrous. 
u%.H. Native of Austria, Carniola, &c. on the alps. Jacq. fl. 
austr. 8. t. 219. vind. t. 1. Morr. ox. sect. 7. t. 15. f. 20. 
Root whitish, with little taste or smell. Flowers dusky. Stems 
6-10 inches high. 
Var. B, polygama (D. C. prod. 4. p. 637.) plant larger; up- 
per leaves trifid. %.H. Native of Galicia, in humid mea- 
dows. V. dioica, Bess. prim. 1. p. 48. enum. p. 40. V. polý- 
gama, Bess. in litt. Flowers corymbose, a little larger than in 
V. elongata ; but very similar in form. 
Elongated-panicled Valerian. Fl. June, July. 
Pl. 3 to 2 foot. 
47 V. asariro'i1a (Dufr. val. p. 44.) plant glabrous, erect ; 
radical leaves petiolate, cordate-reniform, a little toothed ; 
cauline leaves few, pinnate; lobes or leaflets of the upper leaves 
linear ; corymbs rather contracted. .H. Native of Crete, 
on the Spaceotic mountains. Sieb. herb. cret. Schultes, syst. 1. 
p. 356. mant. 1. p. 259.—Alp. exot. p. 132. with a figure. 
Flowers red. Root tuberous, black. 
Fl, June, July. Clt. 1824. PI. 
Cit. 1812. 
Asarabacca-leaved Valerian. 
1 foot. 
48 V. tusErésa (Lin. spec. p. 46.) plant glabrous; radical 
leaves ovate, lanceolate-oblong or oblong, undivided, quite en- 
tire; cauline leaves pinnatifid, with 2-3 pairs of linear segments 
or lobes, the terminal segment the largest; corymbs at first co- 
arctate; fruit ovate, hairy. 2. H. Native of the south of 
Europe, from Spain to Caucasus; of Siberia, near Sogra and 
Wydricha, and from Buchtorminsk to Lake Noor Saisan. Vahl, 
enum. 2. p. 12. Dufr. val. p. 45. D.C. fl. fr. no. 3320. Lob. 
icon. t. 717. f. 2. Cam. epit. p. 16. Root tuberous, blackish, 
simple or double, ovate or oblong. There are varieties of this 
species with the cauline leaves all pinnatifid, or the lower ones 
are quite entire, oblong-lanceolate and elongated, and the upper 
leaves more or less pinnatifid. Flowers pale red. 
Var. B, monorhiza (D. C. prod. 4. p. 637.) root simple, nearly 
globose; radical leaves ovate-cordate. ¥. H. Native of 
Liguria. V. bulbdsa, Imp. hist. nat. ed. 12. p. 659. with a 
figure. Barrel. icon. t. 867. V. monorhiza, Dufr. val. p. 44. 
Tuberous-rooted Valerian. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1629. PI. 
14 foot. 
49 V. Puv'` (Lin. spec. p. 45.) plant glabrous, erect; stems 
terete, smooth; radical leaves oblong or elliptic, undivided ; 
gauline ones pinnatifid, with oblong lobes; corymbs panicled ; 
IX. VALERIANA. 
lobes of stigma 3, slender ; fruit glabrous, but exhibiting 2 hairy 
lines. X4. H. Native of Alsatia, Switzerland, Silesia, Cauca- 
sus, &c. in subalpine places, but not of the Pyrenees. Dufr, 
val. p. 40. but not of Lapeyr, nor Ruiz et Pav.?—Fusch, hist. 
p- 155. with a figure. Heyn. arz. gew. 3. t. 33. good.—Blackw. 
t. 256.—Plench. t. 28. Moris, hist. sect. 7. t: 14. f. 1. Riv. 
mon. t. 3. Lob. icon. t. 714. Root oblique, thick, and matted, 
pale green. Plant glaucous. Flowers white, with a pleasant smell. 
Phu or Garden Valerian. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1597. Pl. 
2 to 4 feet. r 
50 V. pusia (Bunge, in Led. fi. alt. 1. p. 52.) primary 
radical leaves quite entire or auricled ; the rest lyrately pinna- 
tifid, and the cauline leaves pinnate; leaflets oblong, obtuse, 
almost entire: superior ones decurrent ; corymbs compound ; 
flowers hermaphrodite. 4. H. Native of Siberia. V. offi- 
cinalis, Falk. topogr. beytr. 2. no. 50. ?—Gmel. fi. sib. 3. p. 
120. no. 1. exclusive of the synonymes. This species is very 
nearly allied to V. officindlis, but differs from it in the lower 
leaves being undivided or auricled. Stem and margins of leaves 
beset with minute adpressed hardly conspicuous pili. 
Var. a, latifolia (Bunge, 1. c.) segments of leaves 7-11, more 
remote and broader than in var. B. Y. H. Native of Si- 
beria, frequent on schistous mountains in exposed places. 
Var. B, angustifolia (Bunge, |. c.) segments of leaves 21-27, 
more crowded and narrower, and more elongated than in var. a. 
. H. Native of Siberia, near Salair and Barnaul. 
Doubtful Valerian. Pl. 2 to 3 feet. 
51 V. prorca (Lin. spec. p. 44.) plant glabrous, erect; stems 
striated; radical leaves petiolate, ovate or subspatulate, undi- 
vided; cauline leaves pinnatifid, with linear-oblong lobes ; 
flowers dicecious ; corymbs of the male flowers loose ; of the 
female ones contracted ; lobes of stigma almost combined ; fruit 
glabrous. 2%.H. Native of Europe and the Levant, in wet 
meadows and marshes, and by the sides of streams and ditches; 
in Britain in moist boggy meadows frequent. Dufr. val. p. 29. 
Oed. fi. dan. t. 687. Sturm, deutsch. fl. with a figure. Heyne, 
arzn. gew. 3. p. 478. Smith, engl. bot. 628. Curt. lond. 4. t. 3. 
Poit. et Turp. fl. par. t, 41. V. sylvéstris, Gray. brit. arr. 2. F 
478. V. montàna, gen. el. no. 31. ex Wahl. Roots horizontal, 
creeping, white, but sometimes tinged with red, slender. 
Flowers white, tinged with red or flesh coloured. 
Var. B, integrifòlia (D. C. prod. 4. p. 637.) all the leaves 
both radical and cauline are quite entire. 
Silesia. V. dioíca simplicifòlia, Reich. icon. 1. p. 48. t. 59.— 
Loes. pruss. no. 724. t. 84. : j pe 
Dioecious Valerian. Fl. May, July. Britain. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
* * Species natives of America. 
52 V. carrra`ra (Pall. in Willd. herb. no. 789. exclusive of 
Cham. et Schlecht. which is Gentiàna frigida,) plant gate 
erect; stems downy at the nodi; radical leaves petiolate, pape 
simple ; cauline ones almost sessile, simple or ternate ; leafie 
sinuately serrated, middle one the largest; panicles ter 
capitate, girded by long linear bracteas; tube of corolla € r 
gated ; fruit ovate, compressed, glabrous. 2/. H. Nany 
the higher ranges of the Sagan Alps, at the bay of St, Laurence i 
Kotzebue’s Sound; on the Arctic shores of America ae 
Behring’s Straits; and between the Coppermine and eee sf 
rivers. Link, jahrb. 1. pt. 3. p. 66. Cham. et Sen 
Linnea. 3. p. 130. Perhaps distinct from V. tripteris, ex 
obs. in herb. Willd. 
Capitate-flowered Valerian. Pl. 1 foot. i l Ist 
53 V. sytva’tTica (Banks, mss. Richards, in Freak : 
journ. ed. 2. append. p. 2.) plant glabrous, erect; stem eet 
radical leaves petiolate, ovate or subspatulate, undivided ; 
3 : A tire 
line leaves pinnate-parted, with ovate-lanceolate nearly en 
y. H. Native of 
