VALERIANE. 
segments ; flowers hermaphrodite ; lobes of stigmas 2-3, minute ; 
fruit ovate, compressed, glabrous. 2%. H. Native of New- 
foundland, ex Banks, Clear-water River, ex Richards, Prairies 
of the Rocky Mountains abundant, ex Drummond. In every 
respect this agrees with the European V. dioica. It differs from 
V. Phi by the smaller and shorter fruit, and entire absence of 
the two hairy lines. 
Wood Valerian. Pl. 1 foot. 
54 V. Laxırròra (D. C. prod. 4. p. 638.) plant glabrous, 
ascending, suffruticose at the base; leaves petiolate, ovate or 
oval, with a few coarse irregularly dentately cut teeth; florifer- 
ous branches elongated, almost naked ; superior leaves pinnate- 
parted, with 1-2 linear quite entire lobes on each side; floral 
leaves linear ; panicle loose, with opposite branches, which are 
trifid and few-flowered at the apex. Y%. F. Native of Chili. 
Valeriana, no. 825. Poepp. pl. exsic. Fruit oblong, glabrous. 
Lax-flomered Valerian. P]. ascending. 
55 V. nyarinoruiza (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 41. t. 67. f. 
b. Hook. et Arn. in Beech. voy. pt. bot. p. 28.) plant herba- 
ceous, rather downy ; stems terete; radical leaves roundish-ob- 
ovate, crenated, entire, and auricled; cauline ones pinnatifid ; 
flowers corymbose ; genitals exserted; fruit glabrous. 2%. 
F. Native of Chili and Peru, in sandy arid places. Astrèphia 
hyalinorhìza, Dufr. val. p. 52. Oligacòce hyalinorhiza, Willd. 
herb. Root obovate, shining, white, insipid. Corollas yellow, 
ex Ruiz et Pay. 
Shining-rooted Valerian. PI. 4 foot. 
56 V. Humso’iprit (Hook. et Arn. in bot. misc. vol. 3.) 
stem herbaceous, erect, terete, and is as well as the leaves 
smoothish ; radical leaves entire, roundish-elliptic, crenated ; 
cauline leaves sessile, pinnatifidly lyrate ; panicles much branch- 
ed; corollas quinquefid; stamens exserted; fruit glabrous, 
crowned by feathered pappus. 2%. F. Native of Peru, in rocky 
places. V. hyalinorhiza, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 
331. but not of Ruiz et Pav. 
Humboldt’s Valerian. Pl. 2 to 14 foot. 
57 V. pinnati'Fipa (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 40. t. 69. f. b.) 
plant herbaceous, glabrous; stems erect, simple, striated; two 
lower leaves lanceolate, quite entire : the rest pinnatifid, with ob- 
long serrate-toothed lobes ; panicle loose ; lateral corymbs di- 
trichotomous ; stamens exserted. 2.F. Native of Peru, at 
Chancay and Lima on hills. Val. brachidta, Pers. ench. 1. p. 
37. Root tuberous, sweet scented, as in V. Phù. Flowers 
white. A variety of the present plant, or a distinct species, was 
gathered by Bertero in the grassy pastures on Mont La Leona at 
ancagua, in Chili. 
Pinnatifid-leaved Valerian. Pl. 1 foot? 
58 V. Leucoca'rra (D. C.. prod. 4. p. 638.) plant herbace- 
ous, erect, glabrous; lower leaves on long petioles, oboval-ob- 
long, obtuse, attenuated at the base, membranous; cauline 
leaves very few, small, pinnate-parted at the base, with linear 
lobes ; panicle loose, with opposite trichotomous branches ; 
fruit pale, glabrous, compressed. Y%. F. Native of Chili. 
Valeriàna, no. 847. Poepp. pl. exsic. Stem 2 feet high. Radical 
leaves with the petioles 10-12 inches long. Stamens not ex- 
serted. Pappus of calyx plumose. 
White-fruited Valerian. PI. 2 feet. 
59 V. vacina'ra (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 331.) 
plant glabrous ; stems tufted, simple, tetragonal ; radical leaves 
oblong-elliptic, petiolate, toothed a little ; cauline leaves sinu- 
ately pinnatifid, sheathed at the base, with linear pilose seg- 
ments; corymbs crowded ; stamens inclosed ; style much ex- 
serted. %.F. Native of New Spain, in humid places near 
Real del Monte. Corolla glabrous, gibbous at the base, white. 
Sheathed-leaved Valerian. PI. 4 foot. 
60 V. panicuna’ra (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 1. p. 41. t. 70. 
IX. VALERIANA. 677 
f. a.) plant herbaceous, villous; stems many, erect, striately 
furrowed, terete, rather 2-edged ; radical leaves undivided, cor- 
date, acute ; cauline leaves pinnate, with 3-5 ovate acute, denti- 
culated leaflets; panicle diffuse; stamens length of corolla. 
u.H. Native of Peru, in moist rocky places. Corollas small, 
gibbous at the base, white. Pappus of calyx 10-rayed. 
Panicled-flowered Valerian. Pi. 2 to 3 feet. 
61 V. paucirLora (Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 18. Hook. fl. 
bor. amer. 1. p. 291. t. 101.) plant herbaceous, glabrous ; stems 
erect, simple, furrowed; radical leaves simple, cordate, sinu- 
ately crenated, petiolate; cauline ones lyrately pinnatifid, with 
5-7 segments or leaflets, those at the top of the stem trifoliate or 
simple ; leaflets broad-ovate, acute, sinuately toothed ; panicle 
scattered; corymbs few-flowered; corollas tubular; stamens 
exserted ; fruit ovate, compressed, glabrous. %4. H. Native 
of North America, on the Alleghany mountains in shady places; 
and in woods on the Rocky Mountains north of the Smoking 
river, and on Wolf’s plain. Nutt. gen. amer. p. 20. Pursh, fl. 
amer. sept. 1. p. 28. Root thick, creeping, emitting fibres. 
Stems hairy at the nodi. Flowers white, ex Nutt., pale blue, 
ex Torrey, rose-coloured, ex Hook. Panicle terminal, cymose. 
Var. B; leaflets almost entire. 2. H. On moist rocks 
and islands of the Columbia river. Hook. fl. bor. amer. 1. 
p- 292. 
Fen-flowered Valerian. Pl. 2 feet. 
62 V. nepeca’rpa (D.C. prod. 4. p. 638.) plant herbaceous, 
erect, glabrous ; lower leaves petiolate, obovate-oblong, coarsely 
toothed : superior ones sessile, pinnate-parted, with lanceolate- 
toothed lobes; branches of panicle opposite, trichotomous ; 
bracteas linear, obtuse; fruit small, ovate, velvety from short 
crowded down, 2%. F. Native of Chili. Valeriana, no. 942. 
Poepp. pl. exsic. Herb 14 foot high. From the fruit being 
canescent, it agrees with V. Papilla, but the fruit is 3 or 4 times 
smaller. 
Hairy-fruited Valerian. Pl. 14 foot. 
$ 5. Stems herbaceous. Leaves all pinnate-lobed. 
* Species natives of America. 
63 V. Paritxa (Bert. in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 638.) stems 
erect, glabrous ; leaves glabrous, lyrately pinnatifid : having the 
lateral lobes linear and entire, and the terminal one large, obovate- 
oblong, and somewhat sinuated ; panicle trichotomous ;_ fruit 
oblong, very hispid. 2. F. Native of Chili, in sandy pastures 
along the Cachapual, at a place called St. George, where it is 
called by the natives Papilla, and about the banks of Collina. 
Herb 1% foot high. Pedicels pilose. Fruit large. Flowers 
unknown. Pappus blackish. 
Papilla Valerian. Pl. 14 foot. 
64 V. prramipa‘uis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 
331.) plant glabrous; stem herbaceous, terete, furrowed ; leaves 
pinnate, with sessile ovate-cordate quite entire segments or leaf- 
lets; panicle much branched, pyramidal; genitals almost in- 
closed; fruit oblong, glabrous. X4. G. Native on the walls of 
the city of Quito. Corolla with a very short tube, white. 
Pyramidal-panicled Valerian. PI. 3 feet. 
65 V. Brivee'sn (Hook. et Arn. in bot. misc. 3. p. 365.) 
glabrous; leaves lyrately pinnatifid : lobes erose, curled : lateral 
ones small, terminal one much larger ; radical leaves obovate, and 
more entire than the rest; panicle elongated, with opposite 
dichotomous distant branches ; fruit ovate, glabrous.—Native of 
Chili, on the mountains and plains near Valparaiso. Very closely 
allied to V. crispa, with a totally distinct fruit, which, in this 
species, is not flat on one side, with a tubercle on the other, but 
presents a tubercle which is internally spongy on both sides, nor 
is it half so large as in V. créspa. 
Bridges’s Valerian. PI. 1 to 2 feet? 
