684 DIPSACEÆ. 
H. Native of Persia, in the province of Ghilan. 
p. 23. Said to be allied to the following. 
Strigose Teazle. PI. 3 to 4 feet. 
9 D. vixosus (Lin. hort. ups. p. 25.) stem prickly, glabrous ; 
prickles hair-formed under the head ; leaves glabrous, petiolate, 
ovate, toothed, auricled at the top of the petioles ; leaves of in- 
volucra deflexed, shorter than the heads, which are globose, but 
hardly exceeding the palez, which are linear-subulate and pilose ; 
involucel not drawn out beyond the furrows. ¢.H. Native 
nearly throughout the whole of Europe, in woods and hedges ; 
Caucasus, in Alpine places. In England, in moist shady places 
on a chalky or lime-stone soil. Oed. fl. dan. t. 1448. Jacq. fl. 
austr. t. 248. Smith, engl. bot. t. 877. Coult. dips. 23. Curt. 
lond. t. 10. Cephalaria appendiculata, Schrad. cat. sem. gætt. 
1814. Paleæ ciliated. Corollas white. Anthers dark purple 
or brown. 
Pilose Teazle. Fl. Aug. Britain. Pl. 2 to 4 feet. 
10 D. srricrus (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. 160.) stem unarmed, 
but beset with short retrograde hairs; leaves petiolate, lanceo- 
late, acute, dentately serrated, beset with villi on both sur- 
faces; leaves of involucra spreadingly deflexed, shorter than 
the heads, but hardly exceeding the paleæ, which are oblong- 
cuneated, straight at the apex, ciliated, canescent ; involucels 
hardly furrowed, crowned. &. H. Native of Nipaul. D. 
inérmis, var. a, Wall. in fl. ind. 1. p. 367. Stem erect, 
branched, hexagonal. Flowers cream-coloured. According to 
D. Don, in fl. nep. the leaves are connate at the base. Heads of 
flowers spherical. 
Straight Teazle. Fl. July. Clt. 1823. Pl. 4 to 5 feet. 
11 D. ive’rmis (Coult. dips. p. 23.) stem unarmed, downy, 
but having the branches hispid under the heads; leaves petio- 
late, ternate or somewhat pinnatifid, clothed with adpressed pili 
on both surfaces : lobes lanceolate, acuminated, serrated ; leaves 
of involucra deflexed, shorter than the heads, which are globose, 
but exceeding the palez a little; paleæ ovate, mucronate, cili- 
ated at the apex; involucels hardly furrowed, crowned. &. H. 
Native of Nipaul, in alpine places. D. inérmis, var. 8, Wall. in 
fl, ind. 1. p. 367. D. mitis, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p- 161. 
Stem hexagonal, pilose, unarmed. Paleæ about equal in length 
to the flowers. Corollas yellow. 
Unarmed Teazle. Fl. July. Pl. 2 to 3 feet. 
12 D. a’sper (Wall. cat. no. 428. D. C. prod. 4. p. 646.) 
stem prickly; leaves undivided or pinnatifid, oblong-lanceolate, 
acuminated, serrated, scabrous on both surfaces from bristly 
hairs ; leaves of involucra deflexed, shorter than the heads, which 
are globose, but exceeding the paleze, which are ovate, ciliated, 
and mucronate ; involucels hardly furrowed. ¢.H. Native of 
the East Indies, on the Pundua Mountains. Stem and branches 
angular; angles beset with stiff prickles. 
Rough Teazle. Pi. 2 to 3 feet. 
13 D. Lescnenav'ttm (Coult. in litt. ex D. C. prod. 4. p. 
647.) stem smooth, rather hairy ; leaves lyrately pinnatifid, very 
villous on both surfaces, acuminated, coarsely serrated at the 
apex: lower ones petiolate: lobes of leaves 3-nerved at the 
base; leaves of involucra spreading, shorter than the heads, 
which are globose, and hardly exceeding the paleze, which are 
oblong, acuminated and pilose ; involucel drawn out a little into 
a membranous crown beyond the furrows. ¢. H. Native of 
the East Indies, on the Nellighery Mountains, where it was col- 
lected by Leschenault and Noton. Scabidsa Brunoniana, Wall. 
cat. no. 429. The plant is called Donde Gueda by the natives. 
Stem 3 feet high, rather hairy, not prickly. Habit of Cephalaria 
alpina. 
Leschenault’s Teazle. PI. 3 feet. 
Cult. None of the species are worth growing, except in bo- 
Coult. dips. 
II. Dirsacus. 
III. CEPHALARIA. 
tanic gardens. 
may be sown. 
They will grow in any soil in which the seeds 
Ill. CEPHALA‘RIA (from kepadn, kephale, a head; the 
flowers are disposed in round heads). Schrad. cat. sem. hort. 
gætt. 1814. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 406. Coult. dips. p. 
24, et emend. mss. 1824. D. C. prod. 4. p. 647.—Lepicéphalus, 
Lag. gen. et spec. 1816. p. 7.—Cerionanthus, Schott, mss. ex 
Reem. et Schultes, syst.—Succisa, Vaill. Wallr. 1. 1. c. c. Spreng. 
syst. no. 376. exclusive of some species.—Picnócomon, Wallr. 
mss.—Scabiòsa species, Lin. and others. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogy'nia. Tnvolucra surrounding 
the heads of many imbricated leaves (f. 116. a.), shorter than 
the palez. Involucel tetrandrous, rarely compressed, 8-fur- 
rowed, terminated by a 4-8-toothed crown. Limb of calyx 
rather cup-shaped or discoid. Corolla 4-cleft. Stamens 4 (f. 
116. d.). Stigma longitudinal. Fruit tetragonal, crowned by 
the limb of the calyx, inclosed within the involucel.—Perennial 
herbs. Leaves toothed or pinnatifid. Heads of flowers ter- 
minal, globose (f. 116. e.); paleze imbricated : outer ones ste- 
rile. Corollas white, cream-coloured, or lilac.—This genus Is 
hardly distinct from Dipsacus, unless in the involucra being very 
short. 
* Perennial plants. Palee acuminated, downy. 
1 C. arrìxa (Schrad. 1. c.) stem striated, rather velvety; leaves 
pinnate; leaflets lanceolate, decurrent, unequally serrated; pa- 
leæ acuminated, downy; teeth of involucel 8, awned, nearly 
equal in length to the corolla; anthers green and striated at the 
time of dehiscence. 4. H. Native of Europe, on the alps; 
and of Greece, on Mount Athos. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. 
p. 43. Coult. dips. 24. Scabidsa alpina, Lin. spec. 141. D.C. 
fl. fr. no. 3296. Succisa alpina, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 378. Besl. 
syst. œst. 9. t. 98. f. 1. Corollas yellow. Heads of flowers 
drooping a little before expansion. Leaves large, downy. 
Alpine Cephalaria. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1570. PI. 3 to 
4 feet. ; 
2 C. Tata’rica (Schrad. 1. c.) stems striated, clothed with 
retrograde villi at the base and on the petioles ; leaves pinnate ; 
leaflets decurrent, oval-lanceolate, serrated ; bracteas acumi- 
nated, downy ; teeth of involucel 8, awned, nearly equal ; outer 
corollas radiant; anthers green, and striated at the time of 
bursting. 2%. H. Native of Siberia and Caucasus, 1m alpine 
meadows. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 51. Coult. dips. p- 24. 
Scabidsa Tatdrica, Gmel. sib. 1. p. 159. Bieb. fi. taur. 1. p- 92. 
but not of Lin. Scabidsa elata, Horn. hort. hafn. 1. p 126. 
Rchb. pl. crit. 4. t. 301. but not of Lin. Cephalaria elata, 
Schrad. 1. c. Scabidsa atrata, hort. mad. 1805. Lepicéphalus 
atratus, Lag. l. c. Succisa Tatarica, Spreng. lc. Plant gla- 
brous. Peduncles angular, downy. Heads large. Paleæ deep 
green, white inside, ciliated. Corollas yellow. 
Var. B, gigantèa (Coult. 1. c.) plant 12 feet high. y. H. 
Scabidsa altissima, Mill. dict. no. 6. Scabidsa gigantéa, Ledeb. 
cat. hort. dorp. 1811. Plant glabrous. 
Tartariax Cephalaria. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1759. Pl. 5to 
6 feet. 
Palee membranous, awned at the apes. 
3 C. Transytva’nica (Schrad. l. c.) stems terete, rather 
pilose at the base; leaves pinnatifid: lower ones lyrate ; lobes 
of the cauline leaves linear-oblong toothed : terminal lobes 
lanceolate, serrated a little; paleæ glabrous, membranous, 
** Annual plants. 
` oblong, ending in a dark purple awn each; teeth of invo- 
lucel 8, short, equal. ©. H. Native of the south of By: 
rope, from Vascony to Constantinople, in fields; and of Can 
casus, on mountains near Grosnaja. Coult. dips. p- 24, tet 
