686 DIPSACE#. 
rigidus, Lag. Succisa rígida, Spreng. 1. c.—Comn. hort. amst. 
t. 93. Shrubby. Flowers white. Said to be allied to C. leu- 
cántha. There are varieties of this with either glabrous or sca- 
brous leaves. The upper leaves are cut, with revolute edges. 
Stiff Cephalaria. FI. July. Clt. 1731. Shrub 2 feet. 
10 C. arrenva'ra (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 44.) stem 
terete, rather villous; leaves linear, glabrous, entire and trifid ; 
heads of flowers nearly globose ; paleæ obtuse ; teeth of invo- 
lucel 5, scabrous ; corollas equal. h. G. Native of the Cape 
of Good Hope. Coult. dips. p. 27. and in litt. 1824. Scabiòsa 
attenuata, Lin. fil. suppl. 118. Succisa trifida, Spreng. l. c. 
Succisa trifida, Spreng. Scabidsa trifida, Thunb. fl. cap. 1. p. 
520. Lepicéphalus attenuata, Lag. Flowers white. 
Var. B, verbendcea (Roem. et Schultes, l.c. Coult. l. c.) leaves 
oblong, toothed, and somewhat pinnatifid at the base. Y%.G. 
Scabidsa verbenacea, Lam. ill. no. 1314. 
Attenuated-leaved Cephalaria. Fl. July, Sept. Cit. 1774. 
Shrub 1 foot. 
+ Species not sufficiently knonn. 
11 C. Græ'ca (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 43.) leaves pin- 
nate ; leaflets decurrent, deeply serrated, glabrous ; pale of the 
heads imbricated, equal to the corollas. %. H. Native of 
Greece, on Mount Athos. Coult. dips. p. 26. Scabidsa dectir- 
rens, Sibth. et Smith, prod. 1. p. 80. but not of Thunb. Scabidsa 
flava, Sibth. et Smith, prod. 2. p. 356. Scabidsa orientalis foliis 
teucrii, &c. Tourn. cor. p. 34. Flowers yellow. Perhaps suf- 
ficiently distinct from C. centauriotdes. 
Grecian Cephalaria. Pl. 2 feet. 
12 C. nv‘miris (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 50.) glabrous; 
leaves linear, dentately pinnatifid ; paleze obtuse, downy ; co- 
rollas unequal. 2%. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
Coult. dips. p. 27. Scabidsa himilis, Thunb. fl. cap. 1. p. 526. 
but not of Host. Lepicéphalus himilis, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 8. 
Succisa humilis, Spreng. l. ce. Flowers white. Stem nearly 
leafless, filiform. Scales of calyx ovate, purplish at the apex. 
Humble Cephalaria, Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
13 C. ustura ra (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 43.) glabrous; 
leaves lyrate: lobes ovate, toothed; paleze imbricated, ovate, 
acute, villous, purplish at the apex ; corollas equal.—Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope, in rock lands. Coult. dips. p. 27. 
Succisa ustulata, Spreng. l.c. Scabidsa ustulata, Thunb. fl. cap. 
1. p. 528. Lepicéphalus ustulatus, Lag. l. e, Stems striately 
angular. Palese and flowers white. 
Ustulate-bractead Cephalaria., P]. 1 to 2 feet. 
14 C. sca`sra (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 3. p. 44.) plant sca- 
brous from hairs; leaves stiff, pinnatifid; lobes dentately cut ; 
palez ovate, obtuse, purplish at the apex ; corollas equal. h. 
G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, on hills. Coult. dips. p. 
28. Scabidsa scabra, Thunb. fl. cap. 1. p. 529. Lepicéphalus 
seaber, Lag. Succisa scàbra, Spreng. l. c. Heads about the 
size of filberts. Flowers white. 
Scabrous Cephalaria. Fl. June, July. 
Clt. 1825. 
l4 foot. 
Shrub 
= N.B. Scabiòsa marina, Lin. mant. p- 329. is distinct from 
Scabidsa marítima, Lin., and are probably referrible to the pre- 
sent genus, but are hardly known. 
Cult. The hardy herbaceous kinds of Cephalària are of 
the most easy culture, and will grow in any kind of soil, and 
are readily increased by dividing at the root, or by seed. The 
seeds of the annual species only require to be sown in the open 
border. The green-house shrubby kinds should be grown in a 
mixture of loam, peat, and sand, and may be increased either by 
young cuttings under a hand-glass, or by seed, 
III, CEPHALARIA. 
IV. KNAUTIA. 
IV. KNAU’TIA (in honour of C. Knaut, physician at 
Halle, in Saxony, who died in 1694; author of a catalogue of 
plants growing in the neighbourhood of Halle). Coult. dips, 
p. 28. D. C. prod. 4. p. 650.—Trichéra, Schrad, cat. sem. 
gætt. 1814,—Scabidsa, Vaill. 1. c. Lag. gen. et spec. p. 8.— 
Knatitia and Scabidsa species, Lin.—Scabidsa and Knaútia, 
Spreng. Wallr. 1. 1. c. c. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Monogynia. Involucra of heads of 
many leaves. Paleze none. Receptacle hairy. Involucel com- 
pressed, with 4 hollows closely girding the fruit, denticulated at 
the apex, having 2 of the teeth larger than the other 2, furnished 
with a short stipe. Limb of calyx cup-shaped, neither pappose 
nor awned at the apex. Corolla 4-5-cleft. Stamens 4,—Erect 
branched, usually villous herbs, 
Secr. I. Lycunoipes (this section contains plants resembling 
species of Lichnis). D. C. prod. 4. p. 650. Lychni-scabiosa, 
Boerb.—Knaittia, Lin. gen. no. 116. Involucrum erect, cylin- 
drical, of 6-10 leaves. Flowers few within the involucrum, 5- 
10. Receptacle narrow. Corollas very irregular.—Annual 
herbs. Flowers pale red. 
1 K. orrenra'xis (Lin. spec. p. 146.) leaves oblong, cut or 
entire; involucrum cylindrical, of 5-10 erect leaves ; corollas 
5-10 in each head: outer ones radiating, longer than the invo- 
lucrum; teeth of involucel 12-15, very short; ciliæ of calyx 
obsolete. ©. H. Native of the Levant. Lam. ill. t. 58. 
Schkuhr, handb. 1. t. 22. Coult. dips. p. 28. t. 1. f. 9,—Houtt. 
pfl. syst. v. p. 250. t. 39. Scabidsa orientalis, Lag. gen. et n 
p. 9. Kn. trichótoma, Moench. meth. p. 487.—Till. pis. 19%. 
t. 48. Plant villous. Seeds pilose, hairy at the apex. Flowers 
pale red. Lobes of stigma acute. f 
Eastern Knautia. Fl. June, Sept. Clt. 1713. Pl. 1 to 1} F 
2 K. proréntica (Lin. spec. ed. 2. p. 1666. exclusive o! 
Till. syn.) leaves serrated: superior ones lanceolate, quite entire; 
corollas 10, equal to the involucrum ; ciliæ of calyx 15 in ya 
ber. ©. H. Native of the Levant. Willd. spec. 1> p- 561. 
exclusive of the syn. of Tourn. Roem. et Schultes, syst. ee 
87. exclusive of the Lam. syst. Coult. dips. p. 28. we ie 
propéntica, Lag. gen. et spec. p. 9. Plant villous. ae 
purple. Pistilla white; the corolla is said to be 4-c e ie 
Linneus. This is a doubtful plant, and is perfectly be een 
at the present day, as the plant known in our gardens under 
name is K. orientàlis. 
Propontic Knautia. Fl. Ju. Sept. Clt. 1768. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
Secr. II. Tricneroiprs (this section contains plants mt 
the habit of those of the next section). D. C. prod. 4 P- any: 
Involucrum spreading, 10-12-leaved. Flowers few or ued 
Involucel bidentate at the apex. Corollas rather paet 
Limb of calyx ciliated.——Annual herbs. Flowers bluish or 
Sree 29. t. 1. f, 10.) lower leaves 
corollas 10-12 ™ 
e inva 
which is spreading; teeth of crown of the involucel 3 ie 
awned. ©. H. Native of the island of Leri, m ar! . 
where it was collected by D’Urville; 
K. orientalis, D’Urv. enum. p. 14. 
branched, divaricate. Heads of flowers small. 
blue. 
D’ Urville’s Knautia. PI. 1 to 2 feet. i wer 
4 K. ny'grpa (Coult. dips. p. 30. and in litt. 1024) iie 
leaves petiolate, lyrate: lobes obovate, toothed: termi pr 
the largest, ovate or roundish; cauline leaves oblong, Ta à 
serrated ; heads many-flowered; the 2 teeth of the a. Native 
many bristles ; cilia of calyx 20-24, obsolete. ; 
of the south of Europe. 
illous ? 
Plant vi Corolla pale 
a . 9 
Scabidsa hybrida, All, auct. P 
