78 APOCYNEZ. V. Pacuypopium. VI. Icunocarrvs. 
Glabrous Pachypodium. | Fl. July, Nov. Clt. 1795. Sh. 1 ft. 
2 P. romentosuM; leaves linear or lanceolate, tomentose be- 
neath; glabrous above. h. G. Native of the Cape of Good 
Hope, in arid places. Echites succulénta, Thunb. prod. 37. 
nov. act. petrop. 14. p. 505. t. 9. f. 2. Lin. suppl. 167. 
Prickles filiform, setaceous. Leaves green above, but clothed 
with fine villi beneath, about an inch long. Corollas rufescent. 
Follicles ovate, acute. 
Tomentose Pachypodium. Fl. Jul. Nov. Clt. 1820. Sh. 1 ft. 
3 P. ruserdsum (Lindl. bot. reg. 1321.) stem tuberous at 
the base; leaves oblong, tomentose beneath, glabrous above. 
h. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, in barren plains. 
Echites tuberósa, Haw. syn. pl. succ. p. 6.? Lodd. bot. cab. 
1676. Prickles straight, subulate. Corolla red outside, and 
whitish on the upper surface of the limb, tinged with red. 
Tuberous-rooted Pachypodium. Fl. June, Nov. Clit. 1818. 
Shrub 1 foot. 
Cult. These are very pretty succulent shrubs. A mixture 
of lime-rubbish, sand, and loam is the best soil for them: and 
cuttings will strike root readily in sand, under a hand-glass. 
The plants should not get too much water, when not in a grow- 
ing state. 
VI. ICHNOCA'RPUS (ixvoc, ichnos, a vestige, and xapzoc, 
karpos, a fruit; in reference to the slender follicles). R. Br. in 
mem. wern. soc. 1. p. 62.—A pócynum frutéscens, Lin. 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 
salver-shaped ; segments of the limb dimidiate, twisted, hairy ; 
throat and tube without any scales. Stamens inclosed ; anthers 
sagittate, free from the stigma. Ovaria twin. Style 1, fili- 
form; stigma ovate, acute. Hypogynous threads 5, capitate, 
alternating with the stamens.  Follicles slender.—Climbing 
shrubs, with opposite leaves; branched, terminal panicles of 
small, white, inodorous flowers. 
1 I. prure’scens (R. Br. hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 2. p. 69.) 
stem twining; leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering to both ends, 
glabrous; peduncles axillary, very long, racemose; pedicels 
fascicled ; follicles variable. p .^. S. Native of Ceylon, Sirmore, 
Silhet, Nipaul, and Kamaon.  Apócynum frutéscens, Lin. fl. 
zeyl. 114. spec. p. 312. Pers. syn. exclusive of Quiribélia, 
Lam. Lyàma, Roxb. in asiat. res. 4. p. 261.—Burm. fl. zeyl. 
p. 23. t. 12. f. 1. Echites frutéscens, Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 12. 
Leaves variable in shape, deep green above and pale beneath. 
Flowers small, purple. I. radicans, Wall. cat. hardly appears 
to be distinct. The Quiribélia Zeylánica, Lam. et Poir. dict. 
6. p. 42., considered by them as Linneus's Apócynum frutéscens, 
must, from the description, be widely different, and perhaps 
does not belong to the same natural order. 
Shrubby Ichnocarpus. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1759. Sh. tw. 
2 J. rna'onANs (Wall. cat. no. 1676.) leaves oblong-lanceo- 
late, or oblong, acuminated, tapering to both ends, glabrous; 
peduncles axillary, trichotomous, spreading ; segments of the 
corolla long. b. ^. 8. Native of Nipaul. Flowers large. 
Follicles long, slender, terete. 
fragrant Ichnocarpus. Shrub tw. 
3 L? ArzErn (Rom. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 399.) stems 
twining; lower leaves oval, acute; superior ones oblong or 
lanceolate; segments of corolla obtuse ; throat nearly naked. 
5.^.S. Native of Sierra Leone, and about the river Bascha, 
and along the sea shore on the coast of Lower Guinea, in woods 
and among bushes. Apócynum frutéscens, Afz. rem. guin. 4. 
28.  Shrub glabrous.  Peduncles terminal, 2-flowered ; 
Pedicels drooping. Corollas white, sweet-scented.  Follicles 
combined at the base. 
Afzelius's Ichnocarpus. Shrub tw. 
4 I. Lounzinunu (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 635.) stem frutescent, 
erectish ; leaves ovate-oblong ; peduncles lateral, usually 3- 
VII. Hotarruena. VIII. Isonema. IX. VarrAnis. 
flowered. h.. S. Native of Zanzebar. 
cànum, Lour. coch. 168. Branches scandent. Leaves small, 
glabrous. Flowers pale. Corolla campanulate, reflexed. Hy- 
pogynous scales subulate, alternating with 5 coloured glands. 
Stigma acute, bifid. Follicles conical. 
Loureiro’s Ichnocarpus. Shrub cl. 
Cult. See Echites, p. 76. for culture and propagation. 
VII. HOLARRHE'NA (xoc, olos, entire, and appny, arrhen, 
a male; in reference to the entire anthers). R. Br. in wern. 
soc. mem. 1. p. 62.—Carissa, spec. Vahl. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted ; seg- 
ments subulate. Corolla salver-shaped, with equal-sided seg- 
ments, and a scaleless throat and tube. Stamens inclosed, 
inserted in the bottom of the tube ; anthers free from the stigma, 
lanceolate, entire, bearing the pollen longitudinally. Ovaria 
twin. Style very short; Stigma cylindrical. Hypogynous 
scales wanting. Follicles slender.—Erect glabrous shrubs. 
Leaves membranous, Cymes terminal and lateral. 
1 H. wiris (R. Br. l. c.) leaves lanceolate, attenuated. 
Native of the East Indies. Carissa mitis, Vahl, symb. 3. p. 
44. t. 99. Leaves 2-3 inches long, shining, purplish beneath. 
Mild Holarrhena. Shrub. 
9 H.? Cona'ca ; leaves ovate, acuminated, with oblique pa- 
rallel nerves; peduncles terminal; segments of corolla oblong, 
oblique. b. S. Native of Malabar. Codàga-Pàla, Rheed. 
mal. 1. p. 85. t. 47. Flowers white, sweet-scented. Follicles 
a span long. 
Codaga Holarrhena. Shrub 5 to 6 feet. 
3 H. puse'scens (Wall. cat. no. 1673.) leaves ovate-oblong 
or elliptic-oblong, short-acuminated, downy beneath and on the 
upper surface while young, as well as the branches, peduncles, 
and calyxes; corymbs terminal. h. S. Native of Nipaul, 
Kamaon, Martaban, and Tavoy.  Echites pubéscens, Hamilt. 
mss. Hardly distinct from Echites an'idysentérica, Roxb. ; 
a native of Silhet and Nipaul, the H. antidysentérica, Wall. cat. 
no. 1672. 
Downy Holarrhena. 
Cult. 
VIII. ISONE MA (from «oc, isos, equal, and vnpa, nema, 
a filament). R. Br. in wern. soc. mem. 1. p. 63. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Monogynia. Corolla salver-shaped : 
limb 5-parted ; throat and tube without scales. Stamens ex- 
serted. Filaments inserted in the throat, simple at apex. 
Anthers sagittate, cohering by their middle to the stigma. Ova- 
ria twin. Style 1, filiform ; stigma thick, obtuse. Hypogynous 
scales wanting. Follicles unknown.—An erect hairy shrub, 
with opposite leaves.  Panicles terminal, brachiate; flowers 
corymbose. Segments of calyx furnished with a double scale 
inside at base. Corolla half an inch long; with a cylindrical 
tube, which is bearded inside in the middle. 
1 I. SxzarHwA'NNi (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 401.) 
h.S. Native of tropical Africa, on the west coast. 
Smeathmann’s Isonema. Shrub. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Echites, p. 76. 
Apócynum Afri- 
ps 
€ 
Shrub. 
For culture and propagation see Echites, v. 76. 
IX. VALLA‘RIS (from vallo, to inclose; used for fences in 
Java.) Burm. ind. p. 51. R. Br. in mem. wern. soc. 1. p. 63. 
Blum. bijdr. p. 1042.—Emericia, Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. 
p. 401.—Pegularia species, Lin.— Peltanthéra, Roth. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Co- 
rolla salver-shaped ; with a 5-cleft obtuse limb; and a scaleless 
throat and tube. Stamens exserted; filaments inserted in the 
throat, very short, furnished with a fleshy swelling outside at 
the apex; anthers sagittate, cobering by their middle to the 
stigma. Ovarium 2-celled. Style filiform; stigma ovate- 
conical, furnished with a pearl-like gland on the back. Hypo- 
