124 ASCLEPIADEA. XVIII. Microstemma. 
Native in the woods of Cossala and Gorukpur. Gomphocár- 
pus laevigata, Ham. Microstémma, Wall. ascl. no. 23. 
Smooth Eriopetalum. Pl. erect. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Stapélia, p. 117. 
XVIII. MICROSTE'MMA (from juxpoc, micros, small, and 
oreupa, stemma, a crown; in reference to the smallness of the 
stamineous corona). R. Br. in wern. soc. mem. 1. p. 25. 
Lin. syst. — Pentándria, Digynia. Corolla rotate, 5-cleft. 
Column of fructification exserted. Stamineous corona undi- 
vided, fleshy, 5-lobed; lobes alternating with the anthers ; 
anthers simple at the apex ; pollen masses inserted by the middle, 
lying upon the stigma. Stigma mutic. Follicles slender, 
smooth. Seeds comose.—Glabrous erect herbs, natives of New 
Holland, with tuberous roots. Stems simple at bottom, with 
minute leaves; branched at top, with linear, opposite leaves. 
Umbels lateral and terminal, almost sessile. Corollas blackish 
purple, bearded inside. 
1 M. ruserosum (R. Br. prod. p. 459.). kh. S. 
New Holland, within the tropic. 
Tuberous-rooted Microstemma. 
Cult. 
Native of 
Pl. 1 foot. ? 
For culture and propagation see Ceropégia, p. 112. 
XIX. LEPTADE'NIA (from Xezroc, leptos, slender; and 
adny, aden, a gland; in reference to the slender pollen masses. 
R. Br. in wern. soc. 1. p. 34. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Digynia. Corolla sub-rotate, with a 
short tube, furnished with 5 scales, one between each segment ; 
limb bearded, valvate in zestivation. Column or gynostegium 
nearly globose. Stamineous corona none. Anthers free, simple 
at apex; pollen masses erect, fixed by the base, coarctate and 
pellucid at top. Stigma mutic, rarely apiculated.  Follicles 
smooth. Seeds comose.— T wining shrubs, usually greyish from 
powdery tomentum. Leaves flat, opposite. Umbels inter- 
petiolar, sometimes cymose. Corpuscles of stigma minute. 
Mr. R. Brown has examined three species of this genus, none 
of which are yet described, one of them collected by Forskal. 
1 L. Fonskc'Lin; flowers umbellate. 21. C. S. Native of 
Arabia Felix. 
Forskeel’s Leptadenia. PI. tw. 
2 L. cvwósa ; flowers cymose. 
East Indies. 
Cymose-flowered Leptadenia. Pl. tw. 
3 L. nETIcULA TA (Wight, and Arnott, contr. ind. bot. p. 47.) 
twining; bark of the older branches corky, glabrous ; young 
branches clothed with cinereous down, and sometimes with 
tomentum ; leaves ovate or lanceolate, acute, usually smoothish, 
and sometimes clothed with short white down ; umbels lateral, 
many-flowered, about equal in length to the petioles ; segments 
of corolla with revolute edges, bearded inside; scales of throat 
simple, short; stigma mutic; follicle sub-cylindrically oblong, 
obtuse, often solitary by abortion. 
Far. a ; leaves clothed with short, mealy down, but at length, 
almost glabrous; peduncles about equal in length to the pe- 
tioles, and the pedicels about equal in length to the peduncles. 
h. ©. S. Native of the East Indies, very abundant about 
Negapatam, on the sea coast, where it grows to a great size. 
Wight, cat. no. 1535. Cynanchum reticulatum, Retz. obs. 2. 
p. 15. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1258. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 6. p. 
107. Cynanchum asthmáticum, Herb. Ham. no. 766.  Asclé- 
pias tuberósa, Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 38. Mus. ind. or. t. 614. 
Asclépias volübilis, Herb. Madr. Ham. Wall. ascl. no. 7, ex- 
clusive of Secamóne canéscens, Smith, in Rees' cycl. 
Var. B; branchlets tomentose ; leaves oblong-lanceclate ; 
peduncles very short. kh.%.S. Native of the Peninsula of 
3.^. S. Native of the 
XIX. Leprapenia. 
XX. OnrnuaNTHERA. XXI. BRACHYSTELMA. 
India, in the southern provinces. Leptadénia brévipes, Wight, 
cat. no. 1536. 
Var. y; leaves broad-obtuse, retuse at the base, rather vel- 
vety beneath. h.%.S. Native of Ava, near Pegu. Gym- 
néma aurantiaca, Wall. ascl. no. 147. 
Reticulated Leptadenia. Shrub tw. 
4 L. runE'nais (Wight, l. c. p. 48.) twining, glabrous ; leaves 
broadly ovate or cordate, acuminated ; umbels lateral, many- 
flowered, about equal in length to the petioles ; segments of 
corolla revolute on the edges, beardless ;. scales of throat 
simple; stigma apiculated. h. ^. S. Native of the East 
Indies, at Meerut and Suroy. Wall. ascl. no. 77. e, unnamed. 
The only certain character which distinguishes this from the 
varieties of the last, are the beardless segments of the corolla. 
Beardless Leptadenia. Shrub tw. 
5 L. srA/mrrUM (Wight. l. c.) suffruticose, glabrous ; stems 
slender, much branched; leaves narrow-linear, tapering at the 
apex; umbels almost sessile; segments of corolla beardless 
inside, with revolute margins ; scales of throat broad, exserted ; 
stigma mutic. 5;..^. S. Native of the East Indies, on the banks 
of the river Yavanna, Hamilton: Himalaiah, Royle: Simla, 
Countess of Dalhousie. Gymnéma spártium, Wall. ascl. no. 
76. Cannychum angustifolium, Ham. herb. 
Broom-like Leptadenia. Shrub tw. 
6 L.? griíPricA (Blum. bijdr. p. 1066.) leaves oval, acutish, 
hardly emarginate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous, veinless . 
above, paler beneath, and full of fine parallel veins; cymes 
panicled, interpetiolar, clothed with rust-coloured scurf. h.%. 
S. Native of Java and Nusæ Kambanga, in woods. Flowers 
small, sweet-scented. Stamineous crown small, 5-angled, girded 
at the base by a fleshy, 5-lobed urceolus.  Follicles smooth or 
lepidoted. Seeds comose. This plant differs, in having a sta- 
mineous crown, from the other species of Leptadénia. 
Elliptic-leaved Leptadenia. Fl. year. Shrub tw. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Ceropégia, p. 112. 
XX. ORTHANTHERA (from opSoc, orthos, erect; and: 
av25pa, anthera, an anther; anthers erect.) Wight. contrib. 
ind. bot. p. 48. 
Lin. syst. Penténdria, Digynia. Corolla urceolate, 5-cleft ; 
throat naked; tube rather ventricose; estivation valvate. 
Staminal corona none:  Anthers simple at top, erect, acute; 
pollen masses erect, fixed by the base, coarctate and pellucid 
at apex. Stigma apiculate.—A leafless shrub. Umbels on short 
peduncles, few-flowered. Calyx 5-parted; segments subulate 
at top. Corolla villous outside, glabrous inside, twice as long as 
the gynostegium. Filaments furnished with a gland, or fleshy 
leaflet, at the base of each, as in Gymnodénia. Anthers free, lying 
upon the stigma, which is apiculated. Follicles unknown.—This 
genus is perhaps closely allied to Leptadénia, from which it only 
differs, by the urceolate corolla, the absence of scales to the 
orifice of the tube, and erect anthers. The habit is also dif- 
ferent. 
1 O. viminea (Wight, l. c.) h.S. Native of Hindostan, at 
Doab. Apocinez vimínea, Wall. cat. no. 7478. 
Tniggy Orthanthera. Shrub. 
Cult. See Ceropégia, p. 112, for culture and propagation. 
XXI. BRACHYSTE'LMA (from fpayxve, brachys, short ; 
and erseAua, stelma, a crown; corona short.) R. Br. in bot. 
mag. 2343. bot. reg. 722. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Digynia. Corolla campanulate (f. 
16. b.), having the sinuses angular. Column or gynostegium 
inclosed. Corona simple, 5-cleft; lobes opposite the anthers, 
simple on the back. Anthers naked at top. Pollen masses 
