156 ASCLEPIADE/E. XXXVII. Gymnema. 
10 G. rincens (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 844.) twining, gla- 
brous; leaves cordate, acuminated to oval; umbels or corymbs 
often twin, at first shorter than the petioles, and at length spi- 
rally elongated ; glands of filaments one half shorter than the 
stamens ; follicles cylindrical, spoon-shaped; stigma simple, 
oval, mutic, crowning the tube of the corolla, and therefore ex- 
ceeding the stamens. h.%™.S. Native of Pegu. Wight, and 
Arnott, contrib. ind. bot. p. 45.  Asclépias tíngens, Ham. 
ex Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 53. cor. 3. p. 34. t. 239.  Asclépias 
montana, Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 45. mus. ind. or. t. 618. Peri- 
ploca montàna, Roth. in herb. Wight. Microlóma Bidària, Ham. 
herb. Tylophora Ariádnes, Ham. herb. Leaves 3-6 inches 
long, and 2-4 broad. Umbels compound at length. Flowers 
largish, numerous, pale yellow. Calyx 5-cleft to the base. Co- 
rolla having the tube as long as the column of fructification, fur- 
nished inside the rim with 5 double pilose ridges, which are 
ciliated with short brown hairs. Cordate divisions of the corona 
covering the stamens. Style simple.  Follicles ovate-lanceo- 
late, smooth and fleshy, 4 inches long, and one in diameter. 
Dr. Hamilton, late Buchanan, informed Dr. Roxburgh, that 
from the leaves of this plant the Burmese prepare a green dye. 
Staining Gymnema. FI. July. Clt. 1823. Shrub tw. 
§ 3. Corolla ventricose ; throat toothless ; tube without any 
pilose lines inside. Filaments usually furnished with a fleshy 
tubercle at the base.— The plants referred to this section ought 
to form, perhaps, a distinct genus; they differ widely from the 
others in appearance. The pollen masses differ also from the 
rest of the genus, in being compressed and spatulate; and the 
retinacula are thickened, and sometimes very long. 
11 G. NiraAvurE'NsE (Wall. tent. fl. nep. p. 50. t. 38.) leaves 
oval or ovate-oblong, acuminated, glabrous, glaucous beneath, 
and minutely reticulated with fuscous veins ; common peduncles 
sometimes shorter and sometimes longer than the leaves ; umbels 
compound, many-flowered; flowers subcapitate, on short pedi- 
cels. h. ^. G. Native of Nipaul. G. columnàre, Wall. 
ascl. no. 73. a. A large, much-branched shrub.  Corollas 
yellow, urceolate, valvate in estivation. 
Nipaul Gymnema. Shrub tw. 
12 G. cotumna‘re (Wall. ascl. no. 73. b. Wight and Arnott, 
contrib. ind. bot. p. 40.) leaves subcordate at the base, linear- 
oblong, acuminated, glabrous, pale glaucous beneath, and reti- 
culated with fuscous veins; umbels compound, about equal 
in length to the leaves, many-flowered; flowers almost sessile. 
5.^.S8. Native of Nipaul? Very like G. Nipaulénse, and 
differs chiefly in the figure of the leaves. 
Columnar Gymnema. Shrub tw. 
13 G. sacirra‘tum (Wall. tent. fl. nep. p. 50. ascl. no. 114. 
and no. 83.?) leaves oval or oblong-ovate, attenuated at the 
apex, glabrous, whitish glaucous beneath, with the veins of the 
same colour; peduncles slender, about equal in length to the 
leaves ; cymes compound, loose, with filiform branches : pedi- 
cels disposed along an elevated spiral line; flowers small, 
usually caducous; follicles slender, glabrous. k. ^. S. Na- 
tive of Silhet. Anthers subsagittate. Cymes puberulous. 
Corolla subcampanulate, Wall. 1. c. 
Sagittate-anthered Gymnema. Shrub tw. 
14 G. Warríeun (Wight, contrib. ind. bot. p. 46.) leaves 
oval, short-acuminated, glabrous, paler beneath; with the veins 
of the same colour; cymes raceme-formed ; pedicels disposed 
along an elevated spiral line; corolla ventricose, pilose inside ; 
gynostegium furnished with 5 fleshy leaflets at the base. 
h. ©. S. Native of Singapore. Wall. ascl. no. 135. un- 
named. Tbe large fleshy glands or leaflets at the base of the 
gynostegium or column of fructification, render this a very 
doubtful species of Gymnéma, but the three preceding species 
have them also, but not so conspicuous. 
XXXVIII. Sarcotosus. 
XXXIX. Gonotosus. 
Wallich's Gymnema. Shrub tw. 
15 G. FixzAvsoxiA' suu (Wight,]. c.) twining, glabrous; leaves 
cordate, ovate, acuminated, glaucous beneath and reticulated 
with brown veins; umbels dense, many-flowered, longer than 
the petioles ; corolla subcampanulate, glabrous; gynostegium 
short, naked at the base; retinacula of pollen masses elongated 
and spirally twisted in the middle. ^.^. S. Native of the 
East Indies. 
Finlayson’s Gymnema. Shrub tw. 
16 G. rrine’rve (R. Br. prod. p. 462.) stem erect; leaves 
oblong-lanceolate, 3-nerved, downy ; umbels sessile; throat 
naked. kh. S. Native of New Holland, within the tropic, on 
the sea shore. Perhaps the gynostegium is naked at the base. 
Three-nerved-leaved Gymnema. Shrub. 
17 G.? arrENUA TUM (Wall. tent. fl. nep. p. 50.) twining, 
smooth; leaves lanceolate, very much attenuated ; corymbs 
slender, flexuous, rather longer than the leaves; corolla some- 
what rotate, with a naked throat; pollen masses divaricate, 
almost horizontal, ovate ; corpuscles bidentate at the apex. 
h.^.S. Native of Silhet. Perhaps a species of Tyléphora. 
Altenuated-leaved Gymnema. Shrub tw. 
Cult. For culture aud propagation see Pergulària, p. 133. 
XXXVIII. SARCO’LOBUS (from capt capkoc, sarx sarkos, 
fleshy ; and Xofjoc, lobos, a pod; the follicles are fleshy.) R. 
Br. in mem. wern. soc. 1. p. 34. 
Lin. syst. — Pentándria, Digijnia. Corolla rotate, 5-parted; 
throat naked. Stamineous corona wanting. Anthers terminated 
by a membrane ; pollen masses erect, fixed by the base. Stigma 
mutic.  Follicles ventricose, fleshy or coriaceous, sometimes 
solitary by abortion. Seeds marginate, scabrous. ?— T wining, 
glabrous shrubs. Leaves opposite, broadish, firm. | Umbels 
or corymbs interpetiolar, many-flowered.  Follicles solitary 
by abortion. 
1 S. Ba'sxsir (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 6. p. 58. ex R. Br. I. 
c.) glabrous; leaves broadish ; umbels many-flowered ; corolla 
rotate, with a naked throat; follicles fleshy. h.^. S. Native 
of Java, near Batavia; and of Princes Island, where it was col- 
lected by Sir Joseph Banks.  Follicles ventricose. 
Banks’s Sarcolobus. Shrub tw. 
9 S. crorósus (Wall. asiat. res, 12. p. 577. t. 4.) leaves 
ovate-oblong; cymes bifid; corolla rotate, with a very short 
tube, villous inside ; follicles large, fleshy, globose, blunt or re- 
tuse at both ends, muricated. ^.^. S. Native of the south 
of Bengal, in saltish places, on the shores of the Hoogly; 
Rangoon; and on the banks of the river Saluen. 
Globose-fruited Sarcolobus. Shrub tw. 
3 S. canixA' rus (Wall. l. c. p. 578. t. 5.) leaves oval and ob- 
long, rather fleshy; peduncles few-flowered; corollas rotate, 
with a very short tube, glabrous inside; follicles oblong, smooth, 
acute, keeled below. kh, ^. S. Native along with the preced- 
ing species. 
Keeled-fruited Sarcolobus. Shrub tw. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Pergulària, p. 133. 
Tribe II. 
GONOLOBE/E. Pollen masses 10, fixed by pairs to the 
retinacula of the stigma, transverse (f. 17. g. h.) adhering by 
the outer extremity (f. 17. h.), dehiscing transversely in respect 
to the cells, hidden by the stigmas. Stamineous corona undi- 
vided (f. 17. d.), lobed. — Anthers terminated by a membrane. 
XXXIX. GONO’LOBUS (from yona, gonia, an angle; 
and Aofjoc, lobos, a pod; in reference to the ribbed follicles.) 
Rich. ? in Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 119. R. Br. in werm. soc. 
mem. 1. p. 35.—Cynánchum species of Lin. and Jacq. 
Lin. syst. —Pentándria, Diginia. Corolla sub-rotate, 5- 
parted (f. 17. a.) Stamineous corona saucer-shaped (f. 17. d.), 
