MENYANTHACEE. 
6 V.Síwsi; natant; leaves reniformly cordate, subcrenated : 
hind lobes rounded, divaricate ; pedicels elongated, umbellate, 
rising from the tops of the petioles; calycine segments lanceo- 
late; segments of corolla bearded their whole length. 2. W.S. 
Native of Nipaul. Menyánthes I'ndica, Sims, bot. mag. t. 658. 
Flowers yellow. Wallich states this plant to be a native of 
Nipaul, and tbat the young stalks are there employed in making 
curries. Sir James Smith describes his V. Indica as having 
yellow flowers, and as being a native of the Cape of Good Hope ; 
it is probably the same as the present plant, or a new species. 
Sims's Villarsia. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 1792. Pl. floating. 
7 V. Swa'nrzu; natant; leaves orbicular, deeply cordate, 
subcrenated ; petioles floriferous ; flowers fasciculate ; segments 
of corolla bearded lengthwise inside. 2/. W. S. Native of 
the West Indies, floating in sweet water. Menydnthes Indica, 
Swartz, obs. 78. Meyer, ess. p. 94.  Rodsch. obs. p. 73.— 
Browne, jam. 151.—$loan. jam. t. 251. Corolla white, pilose 
inside, with a yellow base. Anthers reddish brown. 
Swartz's Villarsia. Fl. May, Aug. Clt.? Pl. floating. 
8 V. Humeorpria‘na (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 2. 
p. 187.) natant; leaves deeply cordate, quite entire; umbels 
seated on the petioles ; capsule valveless, shorter than the calyx ; 
seeds lenticular, smooth, with naked edges ; segments of corolla 
bearded inside lengthwise, fringed on the edges. X4. W. S. 
Native of New Granada, near Guaduas, in marshes, floating 
amongst Jussic'a. Hind lobes of leaves spreading. Leaves 
red beneath and dotted. Umbels sessile. Corolla funnel-shaped, 
with a short, cylindrical yellow tube, and white recurved limb. 
Seeds lenticular. 
Humboldt's Villarsia. Pl. floating. 
9 V. SENEGALE’NsIs; natant; leaves peltate; segments of 
corolla ciliated on the margins; petioles viviparous and floriferous. 
X.W.S. Native of Senegal, floating in water. Menyánthes 
I'ndica /3, Desrous. in Lam. dict. 4. p. 90. Flowers yellow. ? 
Senegal Villarsia. Pl. floating. 
10 V. racuwósa (Vent choix. p. 10.) floating ; leaves reni- 
form, peltate, lacunose beneath ; petioles floriferous and vivipa- 
rous ; corollas glabrous. Y.W.H. Native from New Jersey 
to Carolina, floating in ponds and lakes. V. aquatica, Gmel. 
syst. 447. V. cordàta, Ell. sketch. Menyanthes trachy- 
spérma, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 126. Anónymos aquatica, 
Walt. fl. car. p. 109. Capsule scabrous. Flowers white. Ap- 
pendages of the tube of the corolla prominent. This plant is 
dioecious and polygamous. 
Pitted-leaved Villarsia. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1812. Pl. fl. 
11 V. pranvirLÓRA (Wall. cat. no. 4351.) creeping; radical 
leaves sagittately cordate, obtuse, on thick, flattened petioles ; 
floriferous leaves reniformly cordate, entire, on long slender pe- 
tioles, which bear sessile umbels of flowers at the tops below 
the leaves: with the hind lobes divaricate, obtuse; seeds brown, 
a little flattened, with a smooth glossy testa. 2/. B. S. Native 
of Tavoy, in bogs. Flowers small. Capsule oblong-obovate, 
mucronate by the style. 
Small-flowered Villarsia. Pl. creeping. 
8 3. Runners creeping. Peduncles racemose or panicled, opposite 
the leaves. 
12 V. cEwiNA' TA (R. Br. prod. p. 457.) creeping; leaves 
broadly cordate, entire; racemes opposite the leaves; pedicels 
twin; capsule equal in length to the calyx; seeds with naked 
margins. 2%. W.G. 
Var.a; leaves rather coriaceous, often discoloured beneath, 
2 inches in diameter. 4. W. G. Native of New South Wales. 
Var. B; leaves membranous, of the same colour on both 
surfaces, 6-10 lines in diameter. 4. W.S. Native of New 
Holland, within the tropic. Perhaps distinct, sometimes stemless. 
Twin-pedicelled Villarsia. Pl. floating. 
VOL. IV. 
II. VirLARsIA. 
SPIGELIACE/E. 169 
13 V.sanMENTOSA (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 180.) run- 
ners creeping ; leaves cordate-orbicular, repand, dotted beneath ; 
panicles opposite the leaves; seeds glabrous. 2X. W.G. Na- 
tive of New Holland, floating in water. Menyánthes sarmen- 
tosa, Sims, bot. mag. 1328.  Corollas yellow ; segments obtuse, 
sinuated and crenulated. 
Sarmentose Villarsia. 
Sect. II. 
14 V. renrrormis (R. Br. prod. 457.) leaves radical, reni- 
form, entire; stem elongated, nearly naked ; flowers panicled. 
2L. B. G. Native of New South Wales, in marshes about Port 
Jackson; and of Van Diemen’s Land. Lindl. bot. reg. 1533. 
Flowers yellow. Nearly allied to V. parnassifolia. 
Kidney-shaped-leaved Villarsia. Pl. 1 foot. 
15 V. eanwasstEOLIA (R. Br. l.c.) leaves radical, ovate- 
cordate, repandly toothed; stem elongated, nearly naked; 
flowers panicled; segments of corolla with entire margins ; 
capsule exceeding the calyx ; valves bifid; seeds rather sca- 
brous. %. B. G. Native of New South Wales; south coast 
of New Holland, Van Diemen's Land, in bogs. Swértia par- 
nassizef lia, Labill. nov. holl. 1. p. 72. t. 97. This is a very 
polymorphous plant, from 1-3 feet high. Leaves toothed or 
entire, and sometimes angular. Flowers yellow. 
Parnassia-leaved Villarsia. Fl. June, Oct. Clt. 1805. 
] to 3 feet. 
16 V. EXALTA`TA ; leaves radical, orbicularly cordate, subcre- 
nated ; stem panicled, almost leafless; segments of corolla 
toothed. 24. B. G. Native of New South Wales. Menyánthes 
exaltàta. Sol. mss. Sims. bot. mag. t. 1029. Flowers yellow. 
Exalted Villarsia, Fl. May, June. Clt.? Pl. 2-3 feet. 
T Doubtful species. 
17 V. onErcULA rA (Lam. ill no. 1966.) leaves orbicular, 
crenated, peltate, bearing crowded, nearly sessile flowers in the 
centre. b. G. Native of Africa. Leaves bearing flowers in the 
manner of Claytonia perfoliata. 
Orbicular-leaved Villarsia. Pl. floating. ? 
18 V. HYDROPHY'LLUM (Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 181.) 
stems filiform, creeping ; leaves cordate, quite entire; flowers 
crowded, axillary, nectariferous. 21. B. G. Native of Cochin- 
china, in watery places. ^ Menyánthes hydrophyllum, Lour. 
coch. 105, Leaves petiolate, few, scattered. Flowers white, on 
long peduncles. Corolla campanulate, hairy ; segments cre- 
nated. Nectaries 5, branched, discoloured, adhering to the base 
of the corolline segments. Capsule ovate, girded by the per- 
manent calyx. Said by Loureiro to be intermediate between 
Hydrophillum and .Menyánthes : from the larger nectaries it is 
probably a species of Hydrophyllum. 
Hydrophyllum-like Villarsia. Pl. creeping. 
Cult. All the species of Villérsia are elegant when in blos- 
som. The hardy species require to be grown in a pond. The 
greenhouse and stove aquatic species should be grown in cis- 
terns in the stove or greenhouse. V. parnassicefólia, V. gemi- 
nàta, V. renifórmis, and V. sarmentósa, being only bog or marsh 
plants, require to be grown in pots, in a mixture of peat and sand, 
the pots to be placed in deep pans of water. All the species 
are readily increased by seed or dividing. 
Orper CLVI. SPIGELIA‘CE% (this order contains plants 
agreeing with Spigélia in important characters.) Mart. nov. 
gen. bras. 2. p. 182,Gentianee part of authors. 
Flowers regular, of equal parts. Calyx free, regularly 5- 
parted. Limb of corolla equal, valvate in zestivation. Stamens 
5, rising from the corolla; pollen trigonal, the angles globular. 
Fl. July. Clt. 1806. 
Capsule valvate. 
Pl. creeping. 
ParvpDósz. 
PI. 
