180 
amer. 1. p. 96. Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 94. Spreng. gen. 
1. p. 85. i 
be syst. Tetrándria, Monogy'nia. Calyx 4-parted or 4- 
cleft. Corolla 4-parted, spreading ; segments oval, each furnished 
with an orbicular bearded gland in the middle. Stamens 4, 
inclosed ; filaments filiform. Anthers ovate, oblong ; somewhat 
bifid at the base, at length reflexed. Stigmas 2, thick, glandular. 
capsule compressed, submarginated, 1-celled. Seeds few, imbri- 
cated, winged, fixed to the margins of the valves.—A tall herb, 
having the stem and branches tetragonal. Leaves opposite and 
subverticillate, oblong. Flowers verticillate, on short, 1-flowered 
pedicels. Corollas greenish yellow, sometimes mixed with purple. 
1 F. WALTERI (Michx. l. c. t. 97). 4.F. Native in 
swamps of Lower Carolina; and on the borders of lakes in 
Pennsylvania and New York ; and at the sources of the Arkan- 
sas. F. Caroliniénsis, Walt. fl. car. p. 88. Flowers in aggre- 
gate clusters. The whole of the plant has a very stately appear- 
ance; its generic character approaches so near to Smértia that 
without seeing the fruit it might be considered a species of that 
genus. 
Walter’s Frasera. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1795. Pl. 3 to 6 ft. 
Cult. This plant requires to be grown in a peat soil, in a 
moist situation; it will also require protection the winter after 
being raised from seed, or that preceding its flowering. 
VII. GENTIA'NA (so named from Gentius, king of Illyria, 
who first experienced the virtues of some species or other). 
Borkh. in Rem. arch. 1. p. 28. R. Br. prod. p. 450.—Gen- 
tiana species of authors—Hippion species of Schmidt. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Monogynia, Calyx 4-5-cleft, Co- 
rolla funnel-shaped, rarely salver-shaped, with a naked throat ; 
limb 5-cleft, without any accessory segments. Stamens 5; 
anthers free, incumbent; filaments flattened. Stigma 2-lobed, 
usually sessile. Capsule 1-celled. Seeds roundish or oblong.— 
Glabrous herbs. Leaves opposite, decussate, petiolate or sessile. 
Flowers terminal. This genus is easily distinguished from 
others broken off from Gentidna by the throat of the corolla 
being naked, in the anthers being free, in the limb of the co- 
rolla being without any accessory segments, &c. 
Corollas more or 
Sect. I. Perennial herbaceous plants. 
Anthers incumbent. 
less campanulately funnel-shaped, 5-cleft. 
Stigma 2-lobed, sessile. 
I G. riwosELLoipes (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 8. 
p. 130. t. 220. f. 1.) procumbent; leaves spatulate, obtuse, 
rather veiny; flowers terminal, solitary, on long peduncles; 
corolla campanulately funnel-shaped, 5-cleft; throat naked. 
41. F. Native of South America, on the burning mount An- 
tisana, in humid flats. Stem branched, quadrangular. Leaves 
on long petioles. Calycine segments lanceolate, acute. Ova- 
rium linear. Lobes of stigma obtuse, spreading. Segments of 
corolla obovate-oblong, obtuse. 
Limosella-like Gentian. PI. } to 3 foot. 
2 G. rupicota (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. t. 220. f. 2.) tufted, 
procumbent, branched ; leaves spatulate or linear-oblong, ob- 
tuse, somewhat l-nerved, dense; flowers terminal, solitary, 
pedunculate; corolla campanulately funnel-shaped, 5-parted ; 
throat bearded. 2%. F. Native of mount Antisana, near the 
crater, among rocks, which are covered by perpetual snow; 
and of Peru, near Pasco. Gent. campanuloides Willd. herb. ex 
Reem. et Schultes, syst. 6. p. 184. Branches densely leafy. Leaves 
sessile. Flowers about the size of those of Campánula pátula, 
sometimes larger, purple or blue, with obovate obtuse segments. 
Calycine segments lanceolate, acutish. Ovarium linear. 
Rock Gentian. Pl. procumbent, tufted. 
GENTIANE/E. VI. FnasERA. 
VII. GENTIANA. 
3 G. cna'cinis (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. p. 168. t. 221.) stems 
ascending, almost simple, 1-flowered ; leaves oblong-spatulate, 
obtuse, nerveless: lower ones approximate ; corolla campanu- 
lately funnel-shaped, 5-cleft; throat beardless. /. F. Native 
on the tops of the Andes of Quito; in Parama de Saraguru, 
between Rio Bamba and Loxa. Stems quadrangular, rather 
compressed at top. Leaves nearly sessile, smaller, and more 
distant to the tops of the stems. Flowers size of those of Saxi- 
fraga granuládta ; with lanceolate, acute segments. — Calycine: 
segments lanceolate, acute. Ovarium linear, compressed. 
Slender Gentian. Pl. 4 foot. 
4 G. saxirracioipes (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. p. 168.) tufted, 
procumbent; sterile branches short, densely leafy: floriferous 
ones elongated, few-leaved, ascending, 1-2-flowered ; leaves 
lanceolate-linear, obtuse, somewhat 1-nerved ; corolla campa- 
nulately funnel-shaped, 5-cleft; throat beardless. 3t. F. Na- 
tive of South America, on the Pulla mountains, between Vina- 
jaca and Loxa, at the altitude of 1560 hexapods: and near 
Pasco. Stem branched, creeping. Leaves sessile. Flowers 
size of those of Halesia tetráptera, orange-coloured or yellow 
in the dried state. Segments of corolla obovate-oblong, obtuse. 
Calycine segments lanceolate, acute. Ovarium linear, compressed. 
Lobes of stigma obtuse. Leaves sheathing in a very remark- 
able manner at the base. 
Saxifrage-like Gentian. Pl. 1 foot. 
5 G. cxsrrrósa (Graham, in edinb. phil. journ. may. sept. 
1830.) plant creeping, tufted, ascending, branched; flowers 
corymbose, terminal ; leaves crowded, decussate, roundish-ellip- 
tie, rather fleshy, concave, 3-nerved ; calyx 5-cleft, acute, re- 
flexed; corollas erect, campanulate, 5-toothed, obtuse; with a 
naked throat. X.H. Native of North America, on the arctic 
coasts; and reared from seed collected during Capt. Franklin's 
expedition. Stems rooting at bottom. Leaves like those of 
` Arenària peploides, but much darker green. Flowers sessile, 
rarely solitary and axillary, usually 3-4 together, terminal. 
Corolla greenish blue, yellowish green at the base, contracted 
somewhat towards the mouth, 5-nerved ; three of the nerves 
passing into each of the blunt teeth of the limb ; stamens reach- 
ing the base of the teeth. Anthers sagittate, dehiscing along 
the sides. Stigmas sessile, revolute. Ovarium attenuated at 
both ends. 
Tufted Gentian, Fl. June, July. Clt. 1829. Pl. 1 to 2 in. 
6 G. craminea (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. p. 169.) procumbent ; 
branches ascending, subfastigiate, 1 or 3-flowered ; leaves linear, 
acute, nerveless, remote ; corolla campanulately funnel-shaped, 
5-cleft; throat almost beardless. 2. F. Native of Peru, near 
Micuipampa, in cold rocky places, at the altitude of 1820 hexa- 
pods. Stems branched, compressedly quadrangular. Leaves 
small at the base. Corolla white and violaceous, ex Bonpl.; 
with obovate-oblong obtuse segments. Lobes of stigma ob- 
tuse, spreading. Ovarium linear, compressed. Capsule oblong- 
linear. 
Grassy Gentian. PI. 3 foot. 
7 G. cerastioipes (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. t. 222.) procum- 
bent; branches ascending, few-flowered ; leaves linear, obtuse, 
obsoletely 3-nerved: lower ones approximate; corolla campa- 
nulately funnel-shaped, 5-parted; throat bearded. Y. F. 
Native of the Andes, in the province of Pasto, between Chilan- 
guer and Guachucal, at the altitude of 1600 hexapods. Habit 
of a species of Cerástium. Branches slightly tetragonal. 
Leaves sessile, subconnate. Calycine segments lanceolate-linear, 
acute. Corolla white? or violaceous; with obovate-oblong, 
obtuse segments. Ovarium linear. 
Chickmeed-like Gentian. Pl. 1 to 4 foot. 
8 G. ce’rnua (H. B. et Kunth, l. c. p. 170.) stem erect, 
nearly simple, 1-3-flowered ; leaves oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, 
