198 GENTIANEZE. XXII. Orruostemon. 
tops; corolla 4 times higher than the calyx. h.S. Native 
of Brazil. Calyx of a yellow straw colour. 
Mountain Prepusa. Shrub 8-10 feet. 
Cult. See Tachia, p. 197, for culture and propagation. 
XXII. ORTHOSTE'MON (from op Soc, orthos, straight; and 
oTnpwy, stemon, a stamen; stamens equal) R. Br. prod. p. 
451. 
Lin. syst. Tetrándria, Digynia. Calyx tubular, 4-toothed. 
Corolla with a short, 4-parted limb, and a naked throat, mar- 
cescent. Stamens equal, exserted; anthers dehiscing length- 
wise, mutic at top, straight in the aged state.  Stigmas 2, 
roundish.—A flaccid herb; with broadish leaves, and terminal 
flowers. This is an intermediate genus between Canscora, Lam. 
the Centaárium, Borkh, and Zrythre'a, but differs from them, in 
the limb of the corolla, and equal stamens, and in the anthers 
being straight, and the flowers being tetramérous. 
1 O. ere'crum (R. Br. l. c) stem straight; leaves broad- 
ovate, 3-nerved ; lower ones petiolate; peduncles sub-corym- 
bose; teeth of calyx hardly exceeding the tube of the corolla. 
©.?8. Native of New Holland, within the tropic. E'xacum 
eréctum, Roth. ex Spreng. syst. 1. p. 425. Habit of Plédera 
virgata. 
Erect Orthostemon. PI. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Canscóra, p. 199. 
XXIII. CHLO'RA (from xXopoc, chloros, pale; because the 
flowers are of a pale yellow colour.) Renealm, specim. p. 80. 
t. 76. Schreb. gen. p. 653. Juss. gen. 142. Adans. fam. p. 
503. Lam. ill. t. 296. Rchb. icon. 3. t. 206-209. and 5. p. 
412.—Blackstonia, Huds. angl. ed. 1st. p. 146. 
Lin. syst. | Octándria, Monogynia. Calyx of 8 narrow, 
spreading segments, rarely of 6. Corolla salver-shaped: tube 
shorter than the calyx, inclosing the ovarium ; limb of 8, rarely 
of 6 deep equal segments. Stamens 8, rarely 6, shorter from the 
mouth of the tube; anthers linear, erect. Style erect, filiform ; 
stigmas 2, cloven, ovate-oblong. Capsule ovate, with a furrow 
along each side, invested with the large membranous tube of the 
corolla, 1-celled, 2-valved; with inflexed edges. Seeds nume- 
rous, angular, minutely granulated, inserted in many rows along 
the inflexed margins of the valves.— Herbaceous, annual, smooth, 
glaucous, very bitter plants. Leaves opposite, sessile, or perfoliate, 
entire, Flowers terminal, stalked, aggregate or solitary, yellow. 
1 C. rcgroniàTA (Lin. syst. 361.) glaucous; leaves perfo- 
liate; stem dichotomous, cylindrical; flowers corymbose, with a 
flower in each fork. ©. H. Native of Europe, in many places ; 
in Britain, in chalky pastures or banks, and limestone and clay 
soils. Smith, engl. bot. t. 60. Hook. fl. lond. t. 2. Gen- 
tiana perfoliata, Lin. spec. 335. Sabbat. hort. t. 100.—Mor. 
hist. 2. p. 565. sect. 5. t. 26. f. 1-2.— Bauh. hist. 3. p. 355, with 
a figure.— Park, theatr. 273. 7. f. 272. 7.— Column. ecphr. 2. 
p. 78.—Cam. epit. p. 427. Root leaves oval, sessile, rosulate, 
the lower stem ones oval-lanceolate, the rest perfoliate. Flowers 
in a corymb of 2 forks, with a pedicillate flower in each fork. 
Calycine segments 8-10. Corolla golden yellow; segments 
sometimes 9, slightly emarginate. Stamens 6-9-10. Stigmas 
2, shaped like a horse-shoe. Haller affirms that this plant is 
more bitter than the Erythræ`a Centaárium, and that it seems to 
possess the same qualities. 
Perfoliate-leaved, or Common Yellow-Wort. 
Britain. Pl. 4 to 3 feet. 
2 C. iwPERFOLIA'TA (Lin. syst. 362. suppl. 218.) green; 
stem simple, tetragonal; leaves sessile, somewhat stem-clasping, 
ovate, acute; flowers terminal; calyx bifid beyond the middle, 
bell-shaped, length of the tube of the corolla; limb of corolla 6- 
cleft. ©. H. Native of the extreme parts of Italy. Chl. 
12 
Fl. July, Aug. 
XXIII. Cutora. 
XXIV. Hirrton. XXV. Canscora. 
dübia, Lam. ill. t. 296. f. 2. 
roundish beyond the tube. 
yellow. 
Imperfoliate-leaved Yellow-wort. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. 
Pl. 1 foot. 
3 C. qvaApmrOLIA (Lin. syst. 362.) stem simple, slightly 
tetragonal, jointed ; leaves linear, 4 in a whorl, a little 
broader towards the ends, bluntish, length of internodes ; flowers 
8-cleft. (2. H. Native of the south of Europe, where it was 
found by Alstroemer. Peduncles terminal, 5 together, each 
having 2 small, opposite, bracteas in the middle, and at the top 3 
pedicellate flowers. Corolla yellow. Segments of corolla nar- 
rower than in Chlora perfolidta. Said to be a hybrid between 
Chlora perfoliata and Linum quadrifolium. 
Four-leaved Yellow-wort. Pl. 1 foot. 
Cult. All the species are beautiful, and may be easily propa- 
gated from seeds, and require only common care in the cultiva- 
tion. They do not seem to thrive in the open border, although 
they succeed very well in pots. 
Segments of corolla oval. Anthers 
Stigmas 2, obtuse. Corolla deep 
XXIV. HIPPION (izzoc, hippos, a horse; and toy, ion, a 
violet; horse violet.) Spreng. syst. 1. p. 505. gen. 1. p. 143. 
(1824.) E’xacum species, Smith. Gentiana species, Plum. 
icon, t. 24. 
Lin. syst. — Pentándria, Monogy'nia. Calyx campanulate, 
viscid, 5-cleft ; segments blunt, with membranous edges. Co- 
rolla salver-shaped ; tube twice as long as the calyx, swelling at 
the base, and becoming ovate, where it is filled with the increasing 
ovarium, contracted at the orifice ; limb 5-cleft, spreading, length 
of tube; segments obovate. Stamens 5, exserted, half as long as 
the border; filaments inserted in the orifice of the tube, leaning 
to the upper side of the flower, incurved at the apex ; anthers 
incumbent, bifid at the base, remaining unchanged. Style declinate, 
glabrous. Stigma capitate, slightly cloven.—An erect, shrubby, gla- 
brous, branched plant. Stem terete; branches slightly quad- 
rangular. Leaves opposite, decussate, 5-nerved, reticulated, 
with veins, green, sessile, dilated into a cordate base.  Pani- 
cles terminal, erect, trichotomously divided, many -flowered ; 
pedicels terete, 1-flowered. Bracteas 2, at each division of the 
panicle, as well as 2 under each flower, formed like the leaves, 
but smaller, nerved. Flowers of an elegant golden colour, 
slightly drooping, of the size of those of Chlora perfoliata. 
Calyx and corolla clammy. 
1 H. viscosum (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 589.) 4.G. Native of 
the Canary Islands. E’xacum viscósum, Smith, icon. rar. t. 18. 
Gentiàna viscósa, Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 321. Sims. bot. mag. 2135. 
Clammy Hippion. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1781. Pl. 1-2 feet. 
Cult. This plant grows well in a mixture of peat and sand, 
and a very little loam. It is only to be increased by seeds, 
which ripen plentifully in our gardens. 
z 
XXV. CANSCO'RA (Kansjan-cora is the Malabar name of 
C. perfoliata.) Lam. dict. 1. p. 601. Pladéra, Solander, mss. 
Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 416. Hook. bot. misc. 3. p. 89. Spreng. 
gen. 1. p. 84.—Centatrum, Borkh. in Roem. arch. 1. p. 28.— 
Hóppea, Willd. Hayne, term. t. 30. f. 3. 
Lin. syst.  T'trándria, Monogy' nia. Calyx tubular, cylin- 
drical or quadrangular, 4-toothed, with a contracted mouth. 
Corolla funnel-shaped, with a 4-cleft, unequal limb; the 2 
upper segments equal, 2 lower ones combined a greater distance. 
Stamens 4; the 5 longest inserted in the mouth of the tube, 
the fourth just below the recess which separates the 2 lower 
segments. Filaments capillary. Anthers remaining unchanged, 
oblong, linear, erect. Style filiform; stigma 2-lobed: lobes 
obovate, revolute, minutely papillose above. Capsule cylindri- 
