GENTIANEJE. XXV. Canscora. 
cal, 1-celled, 2-valved. Seeds numerous, small, angular, inserted 
on the inflexed margins of the valves.—Small, erect, simple or 
branched, annual plants, stems and branches tetragonal. Leaves 
opposite, decussate, sessile. Flowers terminal or axillary, the 
terminal ones trichotomous, and the axillary ones solitary. 
1 C. srssiLirLÓRA (Schultes, syst. 3. p. 901. Wall. cat. no. 
4367.) erect; stem and branches 4-sided; angles winged ; 
leaves ovate, sessile, 3-nerved; flowers solitary, sessile, in the 
forks of the branches ; capsule sub-cylindrical, nearly as long as 
the calyx. ©.S. Native of Coromandel and Bengal; appear- 
ing in moist pastures, during the rains, and first part of the cool 
season. Pládera sessiliflora, Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 416. E’xacum 
heteroclitum, Willd. spec. 1. p. 639.  Gentiàna heteroclita, 
Lin. syst. p. 270. mant. 560. Centatrium heteroclitum, Borkh. 
in Roem. arch. 1. p. 28.  Chirónia brachiàta, Willd. herb. 
Largest leaves an inch long. Flowers small, pale red. Teeth 
of calyx acute. The 2 upper segments of the corolla oblong. 
Lobes of stigma obovate, thin. 
Sessile-flomered Canscora. PI. 1 foot. 
2 C. ScnurTE SI: (Wall. cat. no. 4368.) stem branched from 
the base, and are, as well as the branches, tetragonally winged ; 
radical leaves obtuse, few, rosulate ; cauline leaves small, 
subulate, opposite, scale-formed ; bracteas large, imbricate, 
ovate, ending in a hair-like point; calyx large; flowers sessile, 
in axils of the bracteas, spicate. ©. S. Native of the Bur- 
mese Empire, at Prome. Pládera pulchélla, Wall. mss. Flowers 
beautiful red. "This is a very remarkable species, with the habit 
of a species of Elytrária. 
Schultes’s Canscora. Pl. 1 foot. 
3 C. pirru'sa (R. Br. prod. p. 451.) erect; stem and 
branches tetragonal, filiform; lower branches opposite; upper 
ones alternate ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, sessile, 3-nerved, acute ; 
lower ones petiolate ; flowers terminal, somewhat panicled, 
pedicellate ; calyx tubular, wingless. (2. S. Native of the 
East Indies, growing on the banks of water courses, and on low 
fallow lands. Pládera virgàta, Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 471. Cham. 
et Schlecht, in Linnza, 1. p. 198. Hook. bot. misc. 3. p. 
89.t. 25. E'xacum diffüsum, Willd. spec. 1. p. 637. Gentiàna 
diffusa, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 47. Flemingia virgata, Roxb. herb. 
Pladera muralis, herb. Hamilt. Canscora tenélla, Wall. cat. no. 
m s E tenéllum, herb. Mad. Centhéra of the Tamuls. 
dad hos » rose-coloured. The 2 upper segments of the 
imb of the corolla equal, orbicular ; segments of stigma recurved. 
ue Canscora. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
; Sabine (D. Don. mss.) stem tetragonal, but not winged ; 
eaves lanceolate, sessile ; calyx tubular: with elongated, seta- 
ces teeth. ©. H. Native of Nipaul, Royle. Stem 3 inches 
igh. Radical leaves large, spreading. 
Leafy Canscora. PI, 1 foot. 
iy (OF DECUSSATA (Wall. cat. no. 4364.) erect; stem and 
Viu 4-winged, the latter cross-armed ; leaves ovate-lanceo- 
ee ee sessile ; terminal peduncles, trichotomous ; 
along ih C. diffe: axillary ones solitary. ©. S. Native 
o eo ; 7a which it very much resembles ; but is 
H5 ind. 1 and seldom so high. Pládera decussata, 
Bascum sais ri 418. Flemingia decussata, Roxb. herb. 
Dukkoni Fle oth. nov. spec. It is called in Bengalese, 
ed j ‘lowers larger than those of C. diffùsa, white. Pe- 
; es 2 "sided, like the stem and branches. Calyx 4-sided, 
and 4-winged, inflated. Corolla and stamens exactly as in 
C: diffüsa. 
Decussate Canscora. F], 
foot. 
6 C. PenFOLIA'TA (Lam. dict. 1. p. 601. Wall. cat. no. 4365.) 
erect; stem and branches 4-winged; cauline leaves lanceolate, 
3-nerved: floral ones, or bracteas, perfoliate ; flowers terminal, 
July, Aug. Clit. 1816. Pl. 1 
XXVI. Voar. 199 
pedicellate; calyx striated; capsule oblong. ©.S. Native of 
India, where it delights in low moist soils. Pládera perfoliata, 
Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 418. Kansjan-Cora, Rheed. mal. 10. p. 103. 
t. 52. Flowers rather large, pale rose-coloured. Corolla sub- 
bilabiate; limb of upper lip largest, and deeply 2-parted ; the 
lower one also consisting of 2 lobes, but smaller. 
Perfoliate Canscora. Pl. 11 foot. 
7 C. ara`ra (Roth, ex Wall. cat. no. 4363.) glabrous, erect ; 
stem and branches tetragonally winged; leaves sessile, 3-5- 
nerved, ovate-lanceolate, acute; wings of calyx very broad; 
bracteas roundish, peltate, perfoliate under the peduncles and 
pedicels. ©. H. Native of the East Indies. E’xacum alàtum, 
Heyne, herb. Flowers solitary, or by threes. 
Winged-calyxed Canscora. Pl. 1-2 feet. 
8 C. rusrrra (Schultes, syst. 3. p. 301. Wall. cat. no. 4366.) 
erect; stem and branches tetragonal, the latter cross-armed ; 
leaves sessile, sub-cordate ; flowers terminal, sessile, by threes, 
monandrous; corolla hid in the calyx ; capsule globular. ©. 
S. Native of the coast of Coromandel. Pladera pusilla, Roxb. 
fl. ind. 1. p. 419. — Hópea dichótoma, Vahl. enum. 1. p. 3. 
E'sacum séssile, Willd. spec. 1. p. 635. Leaves minute. 
Flowers small, yellow. Calyx sub-cylindrical. Corolla with 
the tube a little gibbous, and the border 4-toothed. Stamens 4, 
3 of which bear minute, abortive anthers, the fourth a large, fer- 
tile one. 
Least Canscora. Pl. 1 to 2 inches. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see E’xacum, p. 213. 
XXVI. VOHYRIA (Voyria is the Guiana name of one of the 
species.) Juss. gen. 141. Lam. ill. 109. Voyria, Aubl. guian. 
1. p. 209. t. 83.—Lita, Schreb. gen. 1734. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Monogijnia. Calyx short, turbinate, 
5-cleft, furnished with 2-3 scales at the base. Corolla salver- 
shaped, with a long, cylindrical tube, which is tumid at the base 
and apex, and a 5-cleft limb. Anthers 5, almost sessile, in the 
throat of the tube of the corolla. Stigma capitate, simple. 
Capsule oblong, 2-valved, 1-celled ; margins of valves seminife- 
rous. Seeds serobiculate.—Gregarious plants, parasitical on 
the decayed roots of trees. Roots composed of thickish, white, 
fleshy fibres. Stems erect, flexuous, almost leafless, terete, ar- 
ticulated or nodose; scaly at the base; with 2 small, opposite 
scales at each joint of the stem. 
1 V. nósEA (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 209. t. 83. f. 1.) flowers twin ; 
segments of corolla ovate, acute; tube ventricose at top. %. S. 
Native of Guiana, in woods, at the roots of trees. Lam. ill. t. 
109. Lita rósea, Willd. spec. 1. p. 1017. Root tuberous. Stem 3- 
4-5-cleft, with 2 opposite, fleshy, elliptic, acuminated scales at 
each joint. Corolla rose-coloured. Stem twice bifid. 
Rose-coloured-flowered Vohiria, Fl. July, Aug. 
Pl. à foot. 
2 V. c&RULEA (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 211. t. 83. f. 2.) flowers 
twin; segments of corolla roundish ; tube dilated at top. %. S. 
Native of Guiana, in woods, at the roots of trees. Lam, ill. p. 
491. Lita corülea, Willd. spec. 1. p. 1071. Scales at the 
joints of the stem more leaf-like, and more ovate, than in the 
preceding, and nearly imbricated ; and the segments of the 
corolla narrower. Flowers purplish, blue. Stem multifid. 
Blue-flowered Vohiria. Pl. $ foot. 
3 V.sPATHA'CEA (Lam. ill. no. 2249. dict. 8. p. 771.) stem 
many-flowered ; bracteas sub-spathaceous ; throat of tube fun- 
nel-shaped ; segments oblong. 2t. S. Native of Guiana. 
Lita spathàcea, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 581. Nearly allied to P. 
cerilea. Stems ascending, simple, a little furrowed ; furnished 
with 2 opposite, ovate, acute, scale-formed leaves at each joint. 
Flowers terminal, approximate, probably blue. 
Cit. 1822. 
