204 
sessile, opposite, decussate ; radical ones rosulate, 3-5 nerved. 
Flowers terminal, sessile, or pedicillate, red or yellow. 
& 1 Flowers sessile, or on very short, hardly evident pedicels. 
1 E. Cenrav’rium (Pers. ench. 1. p. 283.) stem tetragonal, 
dichotomously panicled, corymbose; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 
3-nerved ; calyx shorter than the tube of the corolla. ©. H. 
Native throughout Europe, in dry gravelly pastures ; in several 
parts of Britain, common. Willd. enum. 1. p. 247.  Chirónia 
Centaúrium, With. p. 237. Curt. fl. lond. t. 247. Smith, fl. brit. 
p. 257. engl. bot. t. 417. Heyne, getr. darst. t. 29. Jaume St. 
Hil. fasc. 24. t. 1. Wood. med. bot. 435. t. 157. Mayerhoffer, 
fl. monac. t. 5. Gentiàna Centaürium, Lin. spec. 332. Oed. fl. 
dan. 617. Bull. herb. t. 253. Plenck. off. t. 175. Centatrium 
vulgare, Rafin. scel. p. 68. Hippocentaürium Centaürium, Schult. 
cestr. fl. ed. 2. vol. 1. p. 28%. — Centaürium minus, Cam. epit. 
428, &c. Calycine segments subulate. Corollas rose-coloured ; 
segments elliptic. This is a pure bitter, and agrees, in this 
respect, with other Gentianeous plants. 
Var. D, màjus (Schmidt, fl. boh. 2. p. 31.) radicalleaves spatu- 
late ; stem 2 feet high, branched ; branches all axillary, twiggy, 
trichotomous at the apex; branchlets dichotomous, 3-flowered ; 
calyx 2 times shorter than the tube of corola. ©. H. 
Bohemia. 
Var. y, medium (Schmidt, l. c.) radical leaves broader, 
obovate-roundish, 5-nerved: cauline ones half stem-clasping, 
ovate-obtuse ; stem a foot high, branched at the base; branches 
erect, simple, trichotomous at the apex; branchlets trifid, 
3-flowered; bracteas setaceous ; calyx length of the tube of 
the corolla. (2. H. Bohemia. 
Var. à, minus (Schmidt, 1. c.) radical leaves obovate; lower 
cauline ones oblong: superior ones linear, all obtuse; stem 
simple, erect, a finger in height, bi-trichotomous, 2-3-flowered, 
one of the flowers sessile, and the other pedicellate. ©. H. 
Bohemia. 
Var. e, palástre (Schmidt, l. c.) radical leaves as in var. 5 ; 
stem a hand high, and the branches dichotomous; cauline leaves 
oblong, acutish. (2. H. Bohemia. 
Var. s, collinum (Schmidt, l.c.) radical leaves rather scabrous. 
©. H. Bohemia. 
Var. n, Droterii ; leaves 3-nerved : lower ones oblong : upper 
ones lanceolate-linear; calyx much shorter than the tube of the 
corolla, which is filiform ; segments of corolla bluntish. ©. H. 
Native of Portugal. Gentiàna Centaürium, Brot. fl. lus. 1. p. 
276. This differs from the species, in the superior leaves being 
narrower, and in the filiform tube of the corolla. 
Var.0, grandiflora; larger than the species; limb of corolla 
larger, concave ; segments broad. (2. H. Native of Europe, 
in moist places. E. Centaürium f, Pers. ench. 1. p. 283. Cen- 
taürium erythrz'a, Rafin and Schousboe., 
Var. t, albiflora ; flowers white. 
N. B. See Wallr. ann. bot. p. 34. and Spreng. obs. bot. p. 10. 
in which Chirónia Centaüárium, Ch. pulchélla, and Ch. mapérta, 
are found under one specific name. 
Centaury Gentian, or Lesser Centaury. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. 
P). 3 to 1 foot. 
2 E. Cacnantanu'an (Reem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 167.) 
branches spreading; leaves ovate-lanceolate, veinless; calyx 
angular, quinquifid, length of the tube of the corolla; calycine 
segments connivent ; segments of corolla suberose at the apex. 
@©.H. Native of Chili. Cachanlahüan, Molin. chil. ed. 2d. 
p. 124. Chironia Chilénsis, Willd. spec. 1. p. 1667. Gentiana 
Peruviàna, Lam. dict. 2. p. 642. Cahan Laguen, Feuill. per. 2. 
t. 35. Stem dichotomous, and corymbose at the top. This is 
the Cahan Laguen of Chili, a famous stomachie medicine of 
that country. Arnott does not think that the E. Quiténsis is 
GENTIANJEE. XXXVII. Eryruraa. 
specifically distinct from the present, although the flowers are 
said to follow the quaternary division. Though it is medicinally 
used in Peru, Humboldt never saw it while there; but it was 
cultivated in the plains of Chiloe, the inhabitants of which may 
have originally brought it with them from Chili, where it isa 
native, 
Cachanlahuan Lesser Centaury. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1825. 
Pl. à to 1 foot. 
3 E. Quir usis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 3. p. 178.; 
much branched ; branches dichotomous ; leaves 3-nerved, lower 
ones oblong, upper ones lanceolate; flowers terminal, lateral, 
and axillary, on long pedicels; calyx equal in length to the tube 
of the corolla; parts of flower quaternary. ©. H. Native 
of Quito, in temperate places, where it is called Cachanlagua ; 
and of Chiloe. E’xacum Quiténse, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 425. 
Stem and branches tetragonal. Calycine segments linear, acute, 
furnished with a narrow membraneous line on the back, and 
diaphanous margins. Corolla rose-coloured, with a cylindrical 
tube, and oblong, obtuse, equal segments. Capsule oblong, 
2-celled, 2-valved. This differs from the preceding in the tetra- 
merous flowers. 
Quito Lesser Centaury. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
4 E. nATIFOLIA (Smith, engl. fl. 1. p. 321.) stem 3-cleft at top ; 
leaves roundish-elliptic, 5-7-nerved; flowers terminal, fascicu- 
late; tube of corolla equal in length to the calyx ; segments of 
the limb lanceolate. ©. H. Native of England, on the sea-shore 
of Lancashire, and to the north of Liverpool; and of the county 
of Down, Ireland. Chirdnia Centáurium, var. 2. Smith. fl. brit. 
p.1393.  Corollas pink. 
Broad-leaved Lesser Centaury. 
Pl. 4 foot. 
5 E. carirA TA (Willd. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 168.) 
leaves elliptic-lanceolate or obovate, 3-5-nerved; flowers capi- 
tate, bracteate. ©. H. Native, country unknown. This is 
said to be a very showy species. 
Capitate-flowered Lesser Centaury. PI. 4 to 4 foot. 
6 E. conrn’rta (Pers. ench. 1. p. 283.) plant erect, dwarf, 
branched ; leaves ovate, obtuse, 3-nerved; flowers sessile, fas- 
cicled, crowded ; calyx about equal in length to the middle of 
the tube of the corolla. 2/. H. Native of Spain. Corollas 
red. Very nearly allied to Æ. spicata. 
Cromded-flowered Lesser Centaury. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1821. 
Pl. 1 to 4 foot. 
7 E. AccREGaA'TA (Sweet, fl. gard. t. 137.) stems tetragonal, 
much branched, decumbent; branches dichotomous, aggregate, 
few-flowered ; flowers sessile ; leaves spatulate, obtuse, 1-nerved, 
tapering into the petioles at the base ; bracteas linear, obtuse, 
rather longer than the calyx ; calyx twice shorter than the 
tube of the corolla. ¢.S. Native of the south of Europe. 
Flowers beautiful, rose-coloured. Segments of corolla oval, 
obtuse. Stem and branches tetragonal. 
Aggregate Lesser Centaury. Fl. March, June. 
Pl. 4 foot. 
8 E. rirronA' ris (Fries. nov. fl. suec. p. 30.) stem simple ox 
branched, dwarf, tetragonal ; leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse ; flowers 
crowded, sessile, fasciculate; calyx about equal in length to the 
tube of the corolla. (9. H. Native of Britain, on the sea 
coast; and of Sweden, near Gottenburg, and of Holland. Cbi- 
ronia littoràlis, Turn. and Dillw. guide, p. 469. Smith, engl. 
bot. 2305. Chirónia pulchélla, Don, fl. brit. fasc. 1. no. 7. Co- 
rollas pink. This species differs from Æ. conferta in the shape 
of the leaves and length of the tube of the corolla. 
: Sea-shore Lesser Centaury. Fl. June, July. England. Pl. 
à foot. 
9 E. sricA'TA (Pers. ench. 1. p. 288. Smith, fl. gree. 
t. 238.) branches dichotomous, tetragonal; leaves lanceolate- 
Fl. July, Aug. Britain. 
Clt. 1824. 
