238 
7 FEwzri. Calyx tubularly campanulate, deeply 5-cleft ; 
segments linear. Corolla somewhat funnel-shaped ; tube short ; 
segments of the limb obovate, toothed; anthers exserted from 
the tube. Cells of capsule many-seeded. 
8 Gírr. Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft (f. 98. a.). Corolla 
funnel-shaped (f. 28. b.), or sub-campanulate ; segments of the 
limb obovate. Stamens inserted in the throat. Cells of capsule 
many-seeded. 
9 Heocut6a. Calyx tubularly campanulate, 5-cleft; seg- 
ments unequal, spiny, entire to multifid. Corolla somewhat 
salver-shaped ; segments oblong, entire ; tube equal in length to 
the calyx. Stamens inserted in the upper part of the tube. 
Cells of capsule many-seeded. 
10 Corróura. Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft. Corolla salver- 
shaped ; tube slender; segments of the limb oblong, entire. 
Stamens inserted towards the middle of the tube. Cells of cap- 
sule 1-2-seeded. 
11 Carp4'si, Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, equal to the tube 
of the corolla in length. Corolla funnel-shaped ; lobes of limb 
cuneated, emarginate. Stamens inserted in the middle of the 
tube. Cells of capsule 1-seeded. 
12 LesELra. Calyx tubular, involucrated by pungent brac- 
teas (f. 29. a. f.); segments pungent. Corolla funnel-shaped (f. 
29. b.) ; tube long; (f. 29. g.) lobes of limb broadly obovate, en- 
tire. Cells of capsule few-seeded. Seeds flat, orbicular, girded 
by a narrow membrane. 
13 Ca'wrva. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, often cleft to the 
middle on both sides. Corolla funnel-shaped; tube long; 
lobes of limb obcordate, convolute in ezstivation. Stamens 
inserted near the base of the tube. Cells of capsule many- 
seeded. Seeds compressed, girded by an oblong, membranous 
wing. 
I. POLEMONIUM (zoXeuoviov, polemonion, of Dioscorides, 
from roňepoc, polemos, war.) "Tourn. inst. 146. t. 61. Lin. 
gen. no. 217. Schreb. gen. no. 289. Juss. gen. 136. ed. 
Usteri, p. 152. Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 299. t. 62. Lam. ill. t. 
106. Schkuhr. handb. t. 38. ed. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 
amer. 3. p. 160. Led. fl. alt. 1. p. 232. 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx campanulate, 5- 
cleft (f. 26.a.). Corolla rotate (f. 26. b.), witha short tube, and 
a 5-lobed, equal, erect limb. Stamens 5 (f. 26. c.), equal, in- 
serted in the throat of the corolla; filaments dilated at the base, 
bearded, in a continuous ring, and nearly closing the throat; 
anthers incumbent. Capsule roundish, with membranaceously 
crustaceous valves, covered by the permanent calyx ; cells many- 
seeded. Seeds oblong, trigonal, filled with large albumen. 
Radicle twice longer than the cotyledons.—Erect, herbaceous 
plants, with alternate, usually impari-pinnate, seldom impari- 
bipinnate leaves; leaflets entire; terminal, panicled corymbs of 
bracteate flowers, and blue or white corollas. 
1 P. ca@ru eum (Lin. spec. 230.) stem glabrous; leaves 
pinnate; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, glabrous; seg- 
ments of calyx ovate or elliptic lanceolate, acuminated ; flowers 
erect, corymbose; calyxes hairy ; segments of corolla roundish- 
oval, obtuse ; anthers elliptic. 2/. H. Native of Siberia, and 
the north of Europe; as of Germany, Switzerland, Lapland, 
Denmark, in shady places. It is sometimes found apparently 
wild, in some parts of Britain; as at Malham Cove, in York- 
POLEMONIACEZE. 
I. POLEMONIUM. 
shire; at Matlock, in Derbyshire; as well as near Bakewell, 
and at Lover’s Leap, Buxton, Smith, engl. bot. t. 17. Fl. 
dan. t. 255. Sabb. hort. 2. t. 82.  Valeriàna coerülea, Bauh. 
pin. 164. — Valeriàna Gre'ca, Dod. pempt. 352. f. 1.—Besl. 
eyst. 9. t. 11. f. 2. —Gmel. sib. 4. p. 103. t. 69. Capsule ovate- 
globular, obsoletely 3-grooved. Flowers blue. This plant is 
called Greek Valerian, Jacob’s Ladder, or Ladder of Heaven. 
It is acommon border flower ; with erect, stiff stems. 
Var. f, flore álbo ; flowers white. The white-flowering 
common Greek-Valerian. Berl. eyst. 9. t. 11. f. 3. 
Var. y; stem and calyxes woolly. 21. H. Native of Siberia. 
P. ecerüleum, f, Lin. ups. p. 40.—Gmel. sib. 4. p. 103. t. 50. 
Var. ò, variegáta; leaves variegated. 
Var. e, picta; flowers variegated with white and blue. 
Var. 1, piliferum (Lindl. bot. reg. t. 1303.) stem erectish, 
hardly longer than the radical leaves; calyxes villous. 2t. H. 
Native of North America, Richardson. Stem and leaves pilose. 
Flowers blue. 
Blue-flowered or Common Greek- Valerian. FI. June. 
2 P. cra‘cite (Willd. enum. suppl. p. 10.) stems simple, 
elongated; leaves pinnate: calyx full of glandular down; seg- 
merits of corolla ovate, obtuse ; anthers sagittate. 2/7. H. Na- 
tive of Dahuria. P. coerüleum, y gracile. Horn. hort. hafn. 2. 
p.957. Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 364. Flowers pale blue. 
Slender Greek-Valerian. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1808. PI. 
1i feet. 
3 P. Srsintcum (G. Don, mss. Sweet, fl. gard. t. 182.) 
erect, glabrous; leaves pinnate; leaflets petiolate, pinnatifid ; 
segments lanceolate; petioles and calyxes pilose; calycine seg- 
ments ovate, acute; segments of corolla elliptic; stamens sagit- 
tate; stem fistular, angular, glabrous, but downy at top. %. 
H. Native of Siberia. P. lácteum, Lehm. hort. sem. hamb. 
1825. p. 17. pug. 1. p. 27. act. bonn. 14. p. 815. Pol. disséctum, 
Rchb. icon. t. 463. Lower leaflets ciliated. Flowers white, 
crowded, sub-corymbose. Filaments pilose at bottom. This 
species differs from all others, in the bipinnate leaves. Perhaps 
only a variety of P. cerüleum. 
Siberian Greek-Valerian. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1800. 
2 feet. 
4 P. putcne’tium (Bunge, in Led. fl. alt. ill. t. 20. fl. alt. 1. 
p. 233.) stems downy, nearly naked; radical leaves pinnate ; 
leaflets oblong, acute: upper ones confluent, all glandularly 
ciliated ; calycine segments linear-oblong, acutish ; flowers 
erect, corymbose. %. H. Native of Siberia, in stony places, in 
the Kuraic Islands, and at the river Tschuja. Nearly allied to 
P. hümilis, Willd.; but differs, in the stem being suffruticose, in 
the calyxes being hairy, in the stamens being sagittate. Flowers 
smaller than those of P. cærùleum, from white to blue. Calyx 
glandularly ciliated; segments of corolla roundish; stigma and 
anthers white. 
Neat Greek-Valerian. Pl. 1 to 1 foot. 
5 P. AcuTIFLORUM (Willd. mss. in herb. ex Roem. et Schultes, 
syst. 4. p. 792.) stem nearly leafless; leaves nearly all radical, 
pinnate; leaflets oblong; calyx hairy at the base; segments of 
corolla ovate, acute, ciliated. 2t. H. Native of the north- 
west coast of America, Pallas. P. boreàle, Adams. Flowers 
blue, few in a corymb. 
Acute-flowered Greek- Valerian. | Pl. 4 foot. 
6 P. putcne’rrimum (Hook, bot. mag. 2979.) stems many, 
ascending, leafy, and are, as well as the calyxes, downy ; leaflets 
ovate, obtuse, glabrous: panicles sub-corymbose ; calycine seg- 
ments ovate, acute ; segments of corolla ovate, acutish. 2. H 
Native of the rocky mountains. Flowers pale blue, varying to 
white. Leaves with a faint smell of musk, mostly radical ; 
rachi of leaves downy. Corymbs drooping. Corolla rotately 
campanulate, Nearly allied to P. Richardsónii. 
PI. 
