BORAGINEZE. XV. LirHosPERMUM. 
Meench. meth. p. 418. Habit of Z. arvénse, but much smaller. 
Stem downy, scabrous. Leaves 1 to 14 inch long: floral ones 
length of calyxes. Flowers on short pedicels, secund, disposed 
in terminal, leafy racemes. Calycine segments ciliated. Corolla 
downy outside, inflated at the base, and constricted in the mid- 
dle, white, suffused with red? Nuts brown, incurved, tubercled. 
Thin-flowered Gromwell. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1796, Pl. 
z to 1 foot. 
35 L. TENE'LLUM (Nutt. in amer. phil. trans. n. s. 5. p. 188.) 
leaves linear, acute, strigose ; flowers remote, pedicellate; calyx 
foliaceous, with unequal segments ; nuts glabrous, convex. ©. 
H. Native of North America, in arid places in the prairies of 
the Red River. Stem about a span high, clothed with adpressed 
whitish strigee. Flowers scattered, small, white. Corolla funnel- 
shaped. Nuts 4, convex outside, connivent, and rather pilose 
and angular. Perhaps this plant is not precisely a Lithospér- 
mum ; bearing, indeed, some affinity to Cynogléssum, and by no 
means according with the usual character of the fruit of this 
enus. 
Slender Gromwell. Pl. 3 to 1 foot. 
§ 2. Flowers blue or purple. 
36 L. riwcróR1UM (Lin. spec. ed. Ist. p. 132. mat. med. p. 
58.) stems herbaceous, procumbent; leaves lanceolate, obtuse, 
pilosely hispid: floral ones subcordate; calyxes hairy, a little 
shorter than the tube of the corolla; nuts tubercled. 2%. H. 
Native of Spain; south of France; Italy, and Hungary, in 
sandy, sterile places; and in deserts about Alexandria. D. C. 
syn. fl. fr. no. 2716. Andr. bot. rep. t. 576.  Regnau, bot. 1. 
t. 34. Lehm. asper. p. 330.  Anchüsa tinctória, Horn. hort. 
hafn. 1. p. 176. Willd. enum. 1. p. 178. exclusive of the syno- 
nymes. Lapeyr. abr. p. 86. L. tuberculàta, Forsk. descr. p. 
4l. L. procumbens, seminibus rugosis, Sauv. monsp. p. 63. 
Anchüsa puniceis floribus, Bauh. pin. p. 255. | Anchusa mon- 
speliaca, Bauh. hist. 3. p. 584. Root rather woody, twisted, of 
many branches, tinges paper of a violet colour. Stems many, 
dividing into 2 branches at top, hispid, as well as the leaves. 
Upper leaves half stem-clasping ; lower ones petiolate, subspa- 
tulate-lanceolate. Flowers sessile, disposed in simple or conju- 
gate, terminal, leafy spikes. Corolla fine blue, with a white 
_ throat. Anthers sessile, in the middle of the tube. 
Dyer's Gromwell, or Bugloss. Fl. June, Aug. 
Pl. procumbent. 
37 L. piseERMuM (Lin. spec. 191. dec. 1. t. 7.) stem 
herbaceous, erect, branched; leaves linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 
pilose; calyx beset with spreading hairs: segments linear, 
spreading, but incurved in the fructiferous state; nuts co- 
vered with callous dots. (2. H. Native of Siberia, at the Volga; 
in Tauria, and of Caucasus; also of Thessaly, on Mount Ossa. 
Willd. spec. 1. p. 755. Smith, prod. fl. grec. 1. p. 115. Bieb. 
fl. taur. 1. p. 122. Pers. ench. 1. p. 158. L. incürvum, Pers. 
l.c. L.retórtum, Pall. itin. 3. append. no. 722. t. L. 1. £2 
Lam. dict. 3. p. 80. Willd. spec. 1. p. 755. Messerschmidtia 
cancellata, Asso, synop. fl. arrag. no. 162. t. 1. f. 7. Willd. 
spec. 1. p. 790.—Quer. hisp. 4. p. 145. t. 25. Root simple, 
perpendicular. Plant pilose. Stem canescent. Lower leaves 
petiolate, spatulate: upper ones sessile, lanceolate. Flowers 
secund, on short pedicels, disposed in leafy terminal racemes. 
Corolla pale purple. Tube of corolla a little longer than the 
calyx, pale; limb blue. Nuts usually 2, rarely solitary, or 3, 
ovate-trigonal. 
T'wo-seeded Gromwell. PI. 1 
foot. 
38 L. 1mxca'NuM (Forst. prod. p. 12. no. 63.) stem shrubby, 
Clt. 1596. 
Fl. June, July. Clt. 1799. 
325 
decumbent; leaves linear-lanceolate, clothed with silky pili, 
canescent; calyxes unequal, shorter than the tube of the co- 
rolla; nuts rough. h.G. Native of the island of Teautea, 
and Savage Island. Plant silky and canescent. Stem and 
branches pilose. Leaves an inch long. Spikes terminal, pe- 
dunculate, compound, 3 to 1 inch long, coarctate, bracteate, 
secund, pilose; flowers on very short pedicels. Corolla pilose 
outside, colour unknown. Nuts ovate. 
Hoary Gromwell. Shrub 1 to 1 foot. 
39 L. misrínurLUM (Smith, prod. fl. graec. 1. p. 114. fl. graec. 
t. 162.) stem shrubby, depressed, diffuse; leaves obovate, ob- 
tuse, hispid ; tube of corolla inflated above, twice as long as the 
calyx; nuts tubercled, scabrous. b. F. Native of Rhode 
Island. Stems tufted; branches hoary and silky. Leaves 
generally 4 an inch, scabrous. Flowers axillary at the tops of 
the branches, twice as long as the leaves, blue. Corolla gla- 
brous. Stigma obtuse. Nuts ovate. 
Hispid Gromwell. Shrub diffuse, tufted. 
40 L. virtésum (Wall. cat. no. 941.) plant clothed with long 
white hairs all over, which rise from white warts, most con- 
spicuous on the bracteas and calyxes ; leaves narrow-lanceolate : 
the radical ones crowded ; racemes terminal, and from the axils 
of the upper leaves, bracteate, very hairy. %.F. Native of 
the Carnatic, near Hurdwar and Dorhora. Anchùsa poljgama, 
Ham. herb. Plant tufted; stems many from the same root. 
Corolla salver-shaped, with a long tube. Nuts rugose ? 
Fillous Gromwell. Pl. 1 foot? 
41 L. riexvdsum (Lehm. asper. p. 333.) stem shrubby, 
decumbent, flexuous ; leaves ovate, scabrous above, hispid be- 
neath ; calyxes length of the tube of the corolla, spreading and 
incurved in the fructiferous state; nuts cailously muricated. h. 
G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Cynogléssum muricà- 
tum, Thunb. in Schrad. journ. 1806. p. 49. prod. p. 34. Willd. 
spec. l. p. 762. Stem branched, hispid. Flowers on short 
pedicels, disposed in terminal, leafy racemes; bracteas lanceo- 
late. Calyx hispid. Corolla blue. Anthers in the middle of 
the tube, beneath the throat. Nuts 2, ovate, triangular. 
Muricated Gromwell. Shrub decumbent. 
42 L.oLEIrÒLIUM (Lapeyr. abr. suppl. p. 28.) shrubby, diffuse; 
leaves elliptic-oblong, green above, shining, and beset with short 
adpressed hairs, but silky and silvery beneath ; branches hoary. 
h. F. Native of the Eastern Pyrenees, among rocks on the 
banks of the river Caumella, below St. Aniol. Lower leaves op- 
posite, 11 inch long, and $ inch broad. Flowers axillary. Caly- 
cine segments clothed with silky down, obtuse. Corolla thrice 
as long as the calyx, blue; tube downy. Nuts 2, downy, cine- 
reous, trichotomous, somewhat rostrate, glabrous. 
Olive-leaved Gromwell. Shrub 3 to 1 foot. 
+ Species not sufficiently known, 
43 L. pirru'sum (Lag. gen. et spec. nov. diagn. p. 10.) stem 
suffruticose, diffuse; leaves substrigose, linear, broadest at the 
base, with revolute edges ; corolla 3 times longer than the calyx. 
h. F. Native of Spain, among bushes near Arvas, Pajares, and 
elsewhere. 
Diffuse Gromwell. Shrub diffuse. 
44 L. JEcvPriacuM (Mikan ex Schrank, obs. bot. in act. acad. 
reg. sc. mon. 1813. $ 14. p. 73. 
Egyptian Gromwell. Pl.? 
Cult. For the culture and propagation of the perennial, her- 
baceous species, see Boràgo, p. 309 ; for those of the annual 
species, see Anchüsa, p. 343; and for those of the shrubby 
kinds, see Onósma, p. 317. 
XVI. BA’TSCHIA (named by Michaux after G. J. G. 
