BORAGINE/E. XXXIII. Cynocrossum. 
were used in strumose and scrophulous cases. It is, however, 
discarded from the present practice. All animals are said to 
dislike it, and leave it untouched. The large Dutch Hound's- 
tongue is only a variety of this. 
Var. 8, bicolor (Lehm. asper. p. 153.) leaves lanceolate, nar- 
rowed at the base, downy: upper ones sessile, cordate. 4. H. 
Native of Germany and Siberia. Corolla white; with the pro- 
cesses in the throat red, and the limb marked with 5 red spots. 
C. hybridum, Thuill. fl. par. 1. p. 94. C. angustifdlium, Hort. 
C. officinàle, var. flore albo, Roth, tent. fl. germ. 2. p. 170. 
Officinal, or Common Hound’s-tongue. Fl. June, July. 
Britain. Pl. 2 feet. 
26 C. rícruw (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1. vol. 1. p. 179.) stem 
erect, leafy ; leaves lanceolate, acute : upper ones ovate-lanceo- 
late, cordate, finely tomentose; racemes bractless; limb of co- 
rolla dilated, veiny. 4. H. Native of the South of Europe, 
Iberia, Barbary, and Madeira. Vahl, symb. 2. p. 34. Willd. 
spec. l. p. 761. Willd. enum. 1. p. 180. Lehm. asper. 154. 
Hoffm. et Link. fl. port. 1. p. 189. t. 24. Bieb. fl. cauc. 1. p. 
128. Sims, bot. mag. t. 2134. Moench, suppl. 147. C. am- 
plexicaüle, Lam. il. no. 1794. C. cheirifólium, Jacq. coll. 3. 
p. 30. Scop. fl. carn. ed. 2d. vol. 1. p. 125. Pall. ind. taur. 
C. Créticum, All. auct. p. 4. Vill. dauph. 2. p. 457.—Clus. 
hist. 2. p. 162. f. 2. C. variegàtum, Hort. Root fusiform, 
Stem bluntly angular, furnished with axillary, racemiferous 
branches at top, and canescent from short, soft, retrograde 
hairs. Leaves canescent. Calyx clothed with incumbent hairs ; 
segments oblong-lanceolate, bluntish. Corolla a little longer 
than the calyx, purple or blue, elegantly marked with deeper 
dichotomous veins, which are branched at top.  Carpels covered 
with glochidate prickles. 
Painted-flowered Hound’s-tongue. 
Pl. 2 feet. 
27 C. cit1a‘tum (Dougl. mss. ex Lehm. pug. 2. p. 24.) stem 
erect, simple, hairy ; leaves linear, acute, elongated, 3-nerved, 
clothed with hair-like tomentum, ciliated; racemes terminal, 
bracteate, secund; stamens inclosed. ¢.H. Native of North- 
west America. Stem terete, canescent; hairs on the base of the 
stem retrograde, but those at its top are spreading. Racemes 
subcorymbose. Calyx villous; with lanceolate, obtuse seg- 
ments. Corolla blue, one half longer than the calyx. 
Ciliated-leaved Hound's-tongue. Pl. 13 foot. 
28 C. cra’nvE (Dougl. mss. ex Lehm. pug. 2. p. 25.) stem 
erect, glabrous, naked above ; leaves petiolate, pilose beneath : 
lower ones large, cordate-ovate, undulated: superior ones ob- 
long-lanceolate ; racemes bractless, glabrous, pedunculate, few- 
flowered; calyx villous. 4. H. Native of North-west Ame- 
rica. Stem rather angular, destitute of leaves at top. Leaves 
acute, ciliated, beset with adpressed hairs above, and paler be- 
neath, 9 inches long, and 4 lines broad. Racemes constituting 
a loose, terminal panicle. Pedicels glabrous, pilose at top. 
Calycine segments elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse. Corolla blue, 
twice as long as the calyx, larger than those of C. officinale. 
Great Hound's-tongue. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 
29 C. Vircinicum (Gron. virg. p. 19. Lin. spec. p. 193.) 
stem erect; leaves oval-oblong, acute: upper ones cordate at 
the base, stem-clasping, veiny, hairy ; racemes short, corymbose, 
Fl. Aug. Clt. 1658. 
bractless. X.H. Native of Virginia and Pennsylvania; and 
Arkansas, in woods. C. amplexicaüle, Michx. fl. amer. bor. 1. 
p. 132. Pursh, fl. 1. p. 133. Pers. ench. 1. p. 159. Stems 
terete, beset with retrograde hairs, branched at top. Leaves 
green. Racemes canescent from hairs. Calycine segments ob- 
long-lanceolate, bluntish. Corolla blue, twice as long as the 
calyx. Carpels ovate, furnished with glochidate prickles. 
Virginian Hound's-tongue. Fl. May, July. Clt. 
Pl. 2 to 3 feet. 
1812. 
355 
30 C. rrzósuw (Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 114.) erect and hairy; 
radical leaves spatulate-oblong, obtuse ; the rest lanceolate-ob- 
long, obtuse; flowers axillary, almost spiked, unilateral; sta- 
mens very short, inclosed ; carpels scabrous, depressed, oblong, 
acute, muricate on the margins. 2/.? H. Native of Missouri, 
on arid hills above Rapid River. Flowers small, white. 
Pilose Hound's-tongue. PI. erect. 
31 C. svrvA'ricuM (Smith, fl. brit. 1. p. 216. engl. bot. t. 
1642.) stem erect ; lower leaves somewhat spatulate-lanceolate : 
superior ones half stem-clasping, ovate-oblong, acute, smoothish 
above and shining, but scabrous beneath; racemes bractless. 
$.H. Native throughout Europe, in shady places, in ele- 
vated situations ; in England, about hedges in several parts, 
especially in Essex ; but, like many other biennials and annuals, 
changes its abode; it is also found in like situations in North 
America. Gmel. fl. bad. 1. p. 421. Sut. fl. helv. 1. p. 105. 
Henke, in. Jacq. coll. 2. p. 77. Baumg. fl. trans. 1. p. 122. 
Pursh, fl. 1. p. 133. C. officinale, 8, sylváticum, Willd. spec. 
1. p. 760. C. montànum, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 277. (exclusive of 
the syn. of Lin.) dict. 2. p. 237. Horn. hort. hafn. 1. p. 177. 
Pers. ench. 1. p. 159. exclusive of the synonymes. Lam. ill. 
no. 1794. exclusive of the syn. of Lin. D. C. fl. fr. syn. no. 
2737. C. Virginicum, Lin. syst. ed. 13th. p. 157. but not of 
his spec. Willd. spec. 1. p. 762. exclusive of the syn. of 
Gron. C. officinale, var. y, Lin. spec. 193. C. Apenninum, 
Roth, tent. fl. germ. 2. p. 219. exclusive of the synonymes. 
C. vírens, Schreb. spec. fl. lips. no. 162. C. Germánicum, 
Jacq. obs. 2. p. 31. under Arenària mucronàta.—Hall. helv. no. 
588.—Column. ecphr. 176. t. 175. C. folio virente, Bauh. hist. 
3. p. 600. Root fusiform, fibrous. Stems many from the same 
root, hairy, branched at top. Leaves pale green. Calyx rather 
hairy, with oblong, obtuse segments. Corolla a little longer than 
the calyx, purplish-blue, with deeper coloured veins ; processes 
of the throat obtuse, with white, pilose edges. Carpels ovate, 
beset with glochidate prickles. 
Wood Hound's-tongue. FI. June, July.. Britain. 
3 feet. 
32 C. Hm’nxu (Schultes, oestr. fl. ed. 2d. vol. 1. p. 362. 
syst. 4. p. 74.) plant of a hoary green; leaves lanceolate, sca- 
brous on both surfaces, flat, nearly sessile, remote; carpels 
rugged. g. H. Native of Bohemia, Galicia, and Hungary, 
in hedges and margins of woods. C. sylváticum, Schmidt, fl. 
boh. no. 219. Heenke, in Jacq. coll. 2. p. 77. Bess. fl. gal. 1. 
PIL 240 
p. 149. C. officinale, 3, Willd. spec. 1. p. 760. C. hýbridum, 
Thuill. fl. par. 1. p. 94.? C. officinale, 8, D. C. fl. fr. no. 
2736.? This plant is said to differ from C. officinàle in the 
character given above ; in the stem being more humble ; in the 
flowers being smaller, blue, verging to red or purple. Perhaps 
not distinct from C. Dioscóridis, or C. sylváticum. 
Henke’s Hound's-tongue. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1819. Pl. 
1} to 2 feet. 
33 C. crava‘tum (Viv. fl. libyc. p. 11. t. 5. f. 2.) hoary ; 
cauline leaves half stem-clasping : racemes secund, leafy; pro- 
cesses in the throat of the corolla cylindrically clavate, emargi- 
nate, equal in length to the limb; style permanent, elongated, 
subulate, exceeding the calyx. 4. H. Native of Libya. 
Stem branched, terete. Floral leaves lanceolate-linear, longer 
than the flowers. Calycine segments lanceolate, acuminated. 
Corolla glabrous. Carpels beset with stellate, glochidate bris- 
tles. 
Clavate-appendaged Hound's-tongue. Pl. erect. 
34 C. viurprrróRguM (Willd. herb. ex Lehm. asper. p. 160. 
Ledeb. fl. alt. 1. p. 196. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 106.) stem erect, 
simple; leaves oblong, acute: lower ones petiolate: upper 
ones sessile, attenuated at the base, glabrous, and pale green 
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