SOLANACEX. 
Link’s Nightshade. Fl.? Cit. 1824. Shrub 3 to 4 feet. 
34 S. corymposum (Jacq. coll. 1. p. 78. icon. rar. t. 40.) 
stem suffruticose ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, entire, or a little 
lobed; racemes cymose, opposite the leaves; corollas 5-parted. 
h.S. Native of Peru, in cultivated places, through the pro- 
vinces of Lima and Chancay. Dun. mon. 142. S. corymbife- 
rum, Gmel. syst. 384. S. parviflorum, Nocca, in Usteri, ann. 
6. p. 61. Vittm. summ. suppl. 283. Habit of $. Dulcamara. 
Branches some erect, and some weak and procumbent, angular. 
Leaves glabrous, fetid. Racemes 2-3-4-cleft. Corolla small, 
blue, or violaceous, 5-cleft. Berry of a reddish orange colour, 
size of a pea. 
Corymbose-flowered Nightshade. 
Shrub 2 to 3 feet. 
35 S. crrrudsum (Dun. syn. p. 9. sol. ed. 2d. ined. t. 91. 
H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 3. p. 24.) shrubby, scandent, ten- 
drilled; leaves oblong, entire, or 3-lobed, acuminated, glab- 
rous: middle lobe large; racemes terminal, panicled. h. 
S. Native near Cumana, in shady places. S. salígnum, Willd. 
rel. ex Roem. et Schultes, syst. 4. p. 663. Habit of S. Dulca- 
mara. Shrub glabrous. Tendrils spirally revolute, extra-axil- 
lary. Leaves entire, ternate, or 3-lobed. Flowers rose-co- 
loured, size of those of S. nigrum. Calyx small, angularly 
5-toothed. Stamens sometimes 6. 
Tendrilled Nightshade. Shrub climbing. 
36 S. Dutcama‘ra (Lin. spec. p. 264.) shrubby, scandent, 
flexuous ; leaves ovate-cordate : superior ones jagged ; corymbs 
almost opposite the leaves. ^. ,,. H. Native of Europe, 
Asia, and North America, in hedges and among bushes; plenti- 
ful in Britain. Smith, engl. bot. t. 565. Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 
1. p. 156. Curt. fl. lond. 1. t. 14. Fl. dan. t. 607. Bull. 
herb. t. 23. Reit. et Abel, t. 72. Dreves et Heyne, t. 60. 
Guimpel. t. 12.  Plenck, off. t. 119. Svensk. bot. t. 20. 
Woodv. med. bot. 97. t. 33. Sav. mat. med. p. 47. t. 14. 
Stev. et Church. med. bot. icone. S. scándens, Neck. gallob. 
119. Dulcamara: flexuósa, Moench. meth. p. 514. Sol. scán- 
dens seu Dulcamàra, Tourn. inst. p. 149. Amara dilcis, 
Gerard, emac. 350. Dúlcis amara, Trag. 816. Glycipicros 
seu Dulcamara, Bauh. hist. 2. p. 109. icone. La Morelle. Grim- 
pènte, Regnault bot. icone. Shrub glabrous. Leaves cordate : 
superior ones hastate, all quite entire. Corymbs panicled. 
Corolla violaceous, with reflexed segments, each segment fur- 
nished with 2 green spots at the base. Berries elliptic, red. 
The roots and stalks of this, the Woody Nightshade, upon being 
chewed, first cause a sensation of bitterness, which is soon 
followed by a considerable degree of sweetness ; whence it 
has obtained the names of Duícamüàra, or Bitter-sweet. The 
berries excite vomiting and purging.  Floyer says, thirty of 
them killed a dog in less than 3 hours, remaining undigested on 
the stomach. As they are common in hedges, and may be 
mistaken by children for red currants, this circumstance is the 
more worthy of notice. In such a case it is advisable to pour 
down as much warm water as possible, to dilute the poison, and 
provoke vomiting. The old botanists recommend the plant as 
a medicine in many diseases. Ray informs us, that the inhabi- 
tants of Westphalia make use of a decoction of the whole plant 
as their common drink with success against scurvy. Boerhaave 
says, it is a medicine far superior to China and Sarsaparilla, 
as a sweetener and restorative : and Linnzus, that an infusion 
of the young twigs is an admirable medicine in acute rheuma- 
tisms, inflammations, fevers, and suppression of the lochia. 
Dr. Hallenberg advises it in ischiatic and rheumatic pains, jaun- 
dice, scurvy, and lues venerea. They direct a pint of boiling 
water to be poured upon 2 drachms of the stalks, sliced and 
dried ; after standing half an hour it must be boiled 10 or 15 
minutes. The dose is 2 tea-cups full or more morning and 
VOL. Iv. 
Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1786. 
places near Uimon and Barnaoul. 
409 
evening. Murray and Bergius regard it as promoting all se- 
cretions. Dr, Cullen says, ** We have only employed the slen- 
der twigs, but some parcels of these were very mild, and most 
others considerably acrid. In the latter state we have employed 
a decoction of these in the cure of rheumatism sometimes with 
advantage, but at other times without effect. The Dulcamàra 
is inserted in the catalogue of diuretics, but this property it 
hardly, if at all, possesses. The twigs when gathered in autumn 
or spring will be most powerful; if used dry a somewhat 
larger dose must be taken. The plant is generally given in 
decoction or infusion, and to prevent it exciting vomit it should 
be diluted with milk: small doses also are recommended at the 
beginning, for large ones have been found to produce convulsion, 
delirium, and palsy of the tongue, ex Woodv. 
Var. a, violaceum ; corollas violaceous.—Hort. eyst. p. 385. 
t. 384. no. 3. 
Var. B, álbum ; corollas white.—Lin. fl. suec. p. 66. 
Var. y, cárneum ; corollas flesh-coloured.— Cels. ups. 32. 
Lin. fl. suec. l. c. 
I. Soranum. 
Var. ò, plénum ; corollas double.— Tourn. inst. 149. Hort. 
eyst. l. c. 
Var. £, variegàtum ; leaves variegated.— Munt. fig. 156. 
Tourn. inst. 149. 
Var. n, hirstum ; plant hairy, or downy. Flowers violaceous. 
—On the sea-coast. 
Var. ı rupéstre (Schmidt, fl. boh. p. 96.) stem erect ; leaves 
ovate, quite entire ; racemes few-flowered, dichotomous.—Na- 
tive of Bohemia. 
Bitter-sweet, or Woody Nightshade. Fl. June, July. Britain. 
Shrub climbing. 
37 S. Kiesgritzxm (Meyer, verz. pfi. p. 113.) stem shrubby, 
unarmed, erect; leaves nearly glabrous, scattered, petiolate, 
ovate-oblong, quite entire, acuminated, attenuated at the base ; 
racemes lateral, few-flowered ; segments of corolla 5, reflexed, 
each marked with 2 spots at the base. h. H. Native of 
Caucasus, in woods near Lenkeron. 
Kieserilzki’s Nightshade. Shrub. 
88 S. Pe’rsicum (Willd. mss. Ledeb. fl. alt. 1. p. 237.) stem 
terete, scandent ; leaves rather downy, ovate-lanceolate, cordate, 
quite entire; racemes cymose, lateral, glabrous; corolla 5- 
parted; berries ovate. hR.. H. Native of Persia, and of 
Siberia, frequent on the banks of rivers and rivulets, in humid 
S. Dulcamara, Patrin, fl. 
barn. ined. Similar to §. Dulcamdra in habit, inflorescence, 
flowers, and berries; but the leaves are always entire, never 
hastate or auricled. Calyx 5-toothed. ^ Corolla pale violet. 
Berries red. 
Persian Woody Nightshade. Shrub climbing. 
39 S. Tecore (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 212. t. 84.) shrubby, very 
hairy ; lower leaves pinnatifidly sinuated: upper ones cordate. 
h. S. Native of Guiana, in cultivated places near the habi- 
tations of the natives. Dun. sol. p. 142. syn. p. 10. Lower 
leaves large, with acute lobes: upper ones smaller. Flowers 
small, greenish, corymbose in the forks of the branches. Berry 
yellowish, globose, size of a filbert. Tegore is the native 
name. 
Tegore Nightshade. 
to 6 feet. 
40 S. tyra‘tum (Thunb. jap. p. 92.) stem herbaceous, erect, 
tomentose, as well as both surfaces of the leaves: lower leaves 
lyrate: superior ones hastate. 2t. G. Native of Japan, near 
Nagasaki, where it is called Fijodori Diogo by the natives. 
Dun. sol. p. 143. Segments of the leaves nearly opposite, 4 
or more, entire: the terminal one larger. Flowers panicled, 
axillary, and terminal. Panicles sub-dichotomous. 
Lyrate-leaved Nightshade. PI. 
3G 
Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. Shrub 5 
