412 SOLANACE. 
63 S. nigrum (Lin. spec. p. 266. mat. med. 66.) stem herba- 
ceous, angular; leaves ovate, toothed, nearly naked; flowers 
sub-umbellate. ©. H. Native throughout Europe; a weed 
in cultivated ground; as well as of Africa and Asia, in like 
situations. Dun. sol. p. 152. syn. p. 12. Willd. enum. 1. p. 
236. S. nigrum, a, vulgatius, Lin. spec. 266. Smith, engl. bot. 
t. 566. Curt. lond. fasc. 2. t. 14.  Plench, icon. t. 120. Oed. 
fl. dan. t. 460. Bull. herb. t. 67. Sturm. fl. germ. fasc. 1. 
icon. Hayne, term. bot. t. 28. Schkuhr, handb. t. 46. S. 
officinàrum acinis nigricantibus et acinis luteis, Tourn. inst. p. 
148. S. officinàrum, Zanich. venez. t. 268. S. horténsis, 
Blackw. t. 107. &c.—Mor. hist. 3. p. 520. sect. 13. t. 1. f. 1. 
—Lob. icon. 262.—Tab. icon. 577. Yerba mora of Brazil, 
Peru, and Spain.  Morelle a fruits noir and Morelle creve 
chien of the French. Plant downy. Stem branched, and is, 
as well as the branches, angular-toothed. Common peduncles 
short. Flowers few, 5-6 together, white. Berries size of cur- 
rants, black, rarely yellow. The herb is fetid, and diuretic ; 
it also promotes perspiration. Too large a quantity occasions 
violent sickness, with headache, giddiness, drowsiness, and other 
dangerous symptoms. In short its effects on the nervous sys- 
tem are so uncertain, and sometimes so considerable, that it 
must ever be administered with the greatest caution. S. nigrum, 
Thunb. jap. p. 92, and Ruiz. et Pav. fl. per. p. 32, are probably 
distinct varieties. 
Var. B, melanocérasum (Dun. sol. 153.) branches angularly 
toothed ; leaves ovate, toothed, angular, glabrous; racemes 
sub-umbellate, extra-foliaceous. ©.H. Native of the South 
of Europe. S. melanocérasum, Willd. enum. p. 237. 
Var. y, atriplicifolium ; leaves sinuated, angular. ©. H. 
S. atriplicifólium, Desportes in herb. D. C. 
Black-fruited Nightshade. Fl. June, Sept. Britain. Pl. 1 
to 13 foot. 
64 S. risrULOsuM (Rich. herb. Dun. syn. p. 12. sol. ed. 2d. 
ined. Nees in Lin. trans. 17. p. 37.) branched, herbaceous ; 
stem fistular, angular; leaves ovate, with a blunt acumen, some- 
what repand, running into the narrow petioles at the base; 
pedicels when bearing the fruit equal in length to the common 
peduncle; pollen yellow. ©. H. Native of the Mauritius, 
East Indies, and cultivated in America. Very like S. nodiflo- 
rum, and S. Guineénse, but differs from them in the peduncles 
being stronger and shorter, in the leaves being repand, and the 
stems being angular and more blunt, in the flowers being 
smaller, the anthers shorter, and in the pollen being yellow, not 
violaceous. 
Var.a; berries black. (9. H. S. fistulósum, Rich. l. c. 
Dun. syn. p. 12. S. Rhinocerótis, Blum. bijdr. p. 695.? S. 
nigrum, Wall. cat. no. 2615. 
Var. B; berries red. (2. H. S. rübrum, Gmel. syst. P. 
384. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1034. S. erythrze'um, Dun. sol. 238. 
S. nigrum fructu rubro, Hamilt. herb. Wall. cat. no. 2615. 
Fistular-stemmed Nightshade. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
65 S. ince’rtum (Dun. sol. 155. syn. p. 13. Nees in Lin. 
trans. 17. p. 38.) branched, diffuse, herbaceous; stem angular; 
angles smooth, or denticulated ; leaves deltoid, or deltoid-oblong, 
triangularly acuminated, sinuately toothed in the middle ; fructi- 
ferous pedicels reflexed, equal in length to the common pedun- 
cle. ©.H. Native of India, in sandy places, Silhet, Wallich. 
Flowers sub-umbellate, small, white. Berries round, size of 
peas. : 
Var. a; leaves narrower, sharply and sinuately toothed ; 
fruit red, or yellow ; stem rather scabrous. ©. H. S. nigrum, 
Wall. cat. no. 2615, from Oude and Rungpur. 
Var. B; leaves broadly deltoid, sparingly angular, or some- 
what hastately angular. 
* Berries red, or copper-coloured. ©.H. Native of India, 
I. SOLANUM. 
Arabia, and the South of Europe. S. nigrum, Forsk. fl. segypt. 
p. 46. Wall. cat. no. 2615. C.N. S. miniàtum, Bernh. ex 
Willd. enum. 1. p. 236. Dun. sol. p. 156. S. nigrum, f, 
Judaicum, Lin. spec. p. 266.? S. officinàrum acinis puniceis, 
Tourn. inst. p. 148. S. puníceum, Cord. hist. 158. Nelan 
Tsjunda, Rheed. mal. 10. p. 145. t. 73. Meseelleha hadie of 
the Arabs, ex Forsk. l. c. 
* * Berries black. ©. H. Native of Nipaul. S. nigrum, 
var. melanocérasum, Wall. cat. no. 2615. F. 
Uncertain Nightshade. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. Pl. 1j 
to 3 feet. 
66 S. nv'snuM (Mill. diet. no. 4. Ait. hort. kew. 1. p. 
249. Dun. sol. p. 155.) herbaceous, branched, diffuse; stem 
angular, with the angles and ribs of leaves denticulated ; leaves 
ovate-oblong, attenuated at the base and apex, repandly toothed; 
fructiferous pedicels divaricate, shorter than the common pedun- 
cle, which is slender; pollen yellow. ©.H. Native all over 
India in eultivated places; and of Java, Amboyna; California 
(but with broader leaves). This species differs from S. nigrum 
and $. incértum, in the stem being more elongated, in the angles 
of the stems, petioles, and ribs of the leaves on the under side 
being muricated, and furnished with strigulose down when 
young, in the leaves being attenuated at both ends, narrower 
and softer, never deltoid ; in the umbels being smaller, and also 
the berries. 
Var. a; berries red, or copper-coloured ; flowers smaller ; 
stem and leaves smoothish. ©. H. S. rübrum, Roxb. fl. ind. 
2. p. 216. S. nigrum, n, rübrum, Willd. spec. 1. p. 1036. . S. 
Rümphii, Dun. sol. p. 157. S. nigrum, Wall. cat. part. S. 
ásperum, Horn. herb. Gunth. from California. S. nigrum, fructu 
rubro, Wall. cat. no. 2615. A. B.  Halicacabus Indicus minor 
niger, Rumph. amb. 6. t. 26. f. 2. 
Var. B; berries red, or copper-coloured ; flowers smaller ; 
stem and leaves hairy, both erosely toothed. (2. H. India. 
S. Rümphii, Blum. bijdr. p. 693, but not of Dun. S. cheno- 
podioides, Lam. ill. no. 234. Dun. sol. p. 157.—Feuill. per. 2. 
t. 14. Berries pale, or whitish, and watery. S. nigrum, herb. 
Heyne, part. Stems clothed with hoary villi, having the angles 
more muricated than in var. a, and the leaves are more rhom- 
boid, and erosely toothed to the top, villous, obscure. 
Var. y; berries black, flowers larger. ©. H, Native of 
tropical America. S. oleràceum, Richard, herb. Dun. syn. p. 
12. S. nigrum, Blum. bijdr. p. 694. S. nigrum fructu nigro, 
Wall. cat. no. 2615. H. Aquara-Quiya, Piso, lib. 4. cap. 50. f. 
3. Branches downy at top. 
Red-berried Nightshade. 
1 to 3 feet. 
67 S. erytTHRoca’RPUM (Meyer. esseq. p. 109.) stems perma- 
nent; leaves oblong-ovate, acuminated at both ends, quite 
entire; racemes subumbellate, interfoliaceous. t. S. Native 
in plantations about the Essequibo. S. rübrum, Lin. syst. veg. 
p. 173. ed. 15.? Habit and stature of S. nigrum. Stem 
branched, obsoletely angular, puberulous, as well as the branch- 
es. Leaves’ twin, or solitary, sometimes downy, sometimes 
glabrous. Corolla white, downy; segments oblong, acute. 
Berry pendulous, smaller than a pea, yellowish, and shining. 
Red-fruited Nightshade. PI. 2 to 3 feet. 
68 S. rurca‘tum (Poir. suppl. 3. p. 750. Dun. syn. p. 13. 
sol. ed. 2d. ined. t. 135.) stem herbaceous, somewhat dichoto- 
mous, angularly-toothed ; leaves ovate, toothed ; racemes forked. 
©. H. Native of Peru. The flowers are said to be the largest 
of its congeners. 
Var. a, glabrum ; plant glabrous. 
Var. B, pilósum ; plant pilose. 
Forked Nightshade. Pl. 1 to 2 feet? 
69 S. prerocau’tum (Dun. sol. p. 153. syn. p. 13.) stem 
Fl June, July. Cit. 1817. Pl. 
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