432 SOLANACEJE, 
prickly on the midrib; peduncles lateral and terminal, few- 
flowered ; flowers reflexed, quadrifid, tetrandrous. R. S. 
Native of Cochinchina, in fields and hedges. Dun. sol. p. 207. 
syn. p. 38. Nees, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 58. Habit of S. tri- 
lobàtum. Corolla small, pale violet, with lanceolate, obtuse seg- 
ments. Berry red, size of a pea, smooth, globose. 
Procumbent Nightshade. Shrub procumbent. 
281 S. LicarExsTE' NI: (Willd. enum. 1. p. 239. Dun. sol. 
p. 207. syn. p. 38.) stem prickly, shrubby, scandent; leaves 
oblong-cordate, sinuately angular, tomentose, white beneath, 
prickly on the middle nerve on both surfaces, k. |. Na- 
tive of the Cape of Good Hope. Fruit size and colour of those 
of Cápsicum ánnuum. Leaves in the young plants 4 inches long, 
green above. Perhaps belonging to a different section. 
Lichtenstein’s Nightshade, Shrub climbing. 
Sussrcr. IV. Metoncena (altered from the Arabic name of 
the Egg-plant, bydendjan, ex Forsk. p. 63.) Tourn. inst. p. 
152. Peduncles shorter than the leaves, sometimes solitary and 
1-flowered, but usually bifid below ; the lower pedicel rising from 
the stem, and bearing a fertile flower, drooping after florescence ; 
the other part of the peduncle bearing many usually sterile 
flowers; in the fertile flower the calyx is prickly, and increasing 
after florescence ; and the style is longer than the anthers; in 
the sterile flower the calyx is unarmed, or hardly at all prickly, 
and the style is as long as the filaments. Corollas quinquefid, 
undulately plicate. Berry 2-3-celled ; placentas 2-3, convexo- 
concave, fixed to the axis on both sides of dissepiment of the 
srira longitudinal lamina. Leaves sinuated, angular, or 
lobed. 
282 S. Metonce'na (Lin. syst. 1. p. 188. Wall. cat. no. 
2628. Nees, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 48.) herbaceous, woody at 
the base, perennial, clothed with stellate tomentum ; leaves 
ovate, unequal at the base, angularly sinuated ; flowering pedun- 
cles reflexed ; fertile peduncle solitary: sterile one racemose ; 
calyx campanulate, with linear-lanceolate segments ; corolla an- 
gular. ©. S. Native of the East Indies, and Arabia? Leaves ca- 
nescent from stellate tomentum, but most so beneath. Calyx 
6-9-cleft. Corolla large, violaceous, 6-9-cleft, marked by a 
yellow star inside, tomentose outside; segments broad, acute. 
Stigma 4-5-cleft. Berry large, smooth, shining, shape of an 
egg, blunt and umbilicate at apex, white; cells vanished ; pla- 
centas fleshy, white, as well as the seeds, which are small and 
compressed. 
Var. a, ovigerum ; stem, leaves, and calyxes unarmed, or almost 
so. ©.S. S.ovígerum, Dun. sol. 210. Blum. bijdr. p. 698. 
S. melongéna, Lin. syst. 1. p. 188. Murr. syst. 1. p. 183. 
Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 248. Lour. coch. 1. p. 161. S. pseudo- 
undàtum, Blum. bijdr. 699. S. pubéscens, Herb. madr. ex 
Wall. cat. S. melongéna, var. ovígera, Lam. ill. no. 2348. 
Pers. ench. 1. p. 221. Melongéna ovata, Mill. dict. no. 1. 
Melongéna Blackw. t. 549. Lob. icon. 1. p. 2688. Chun- 
da, Rheed. mal. 2. p. 69. t. 37.— Mor. hist. sect. 13. t. 2. 
Melongéna A'rabum, Chab. 524. with a figure. Mala in- 
sina, Ger. hist. 345. with a figure, &c. Plante à ceuf of 
the French; Mad-apple of the English. "There are several 
sub-varieties of this, differing principally in the colour of 
the fruit. 1. Berries violaceous. Melongéna fructu oblongo 
violaceo, Tourn. inst. p. 151. 2. Berries white. Melongéna 
fructu oblongo albo, Tourn. |. c. 3. Berries yellow. Melon- 
gena fructu oblongo luteo, Tourn. l. c. 4. Berries of a beau- 
Le x colour. Melongéna fructu oblongo suavé rubente, 
ourn. l. c. 
2. 
Var. B, esculéntum; stem, leaves, and calyxes, more or less 
: Tourn. inst. l. c. 
I. SoLANUM. 
prickly. ©. S. S. esculéntum, Dun. sol. p. 208. S. Melon- 
gèna, Lin. spec. p. 266. Lour. coch. 1. p. 161. Plenk. off. t. 
123. S.insànum, Lin. mant. p. 46. Willd. spec. 1. p. 1047. 
Meench, meth. 474. Nila Barudena, Rheed. mal. 10. p. 147. 
t. 74.  Plukn. alm. p. 550. t. 220. f. 3. Tróngum horténse, 
Rumph. amb. 5. t. 85. Fockii is the name in Java. Auber- 
gène, Melongene, Mayenne, Verangeane of the French; Egg- 
plant of the English. There are several varieties of this, differ- 
ing in the colour, and shape, and size of the fruit. 1. Berries 
white. Tróngum puti, Rumph. 2. Berry oblong-terete, viola- 
ceous. Melongena fructu oblongo violaceo, Sabb. hort. rom. p. 
13. t. 65. exclusive of the syn. of Tourn. Melongéna fructu 
tereti violaceo, Tourn. inst. p. 152.? Melanzana, Besl. hort. 
eyst. ord. 1. f. 1. fol. 3. Melongéne, Lab. voy. en. espag. t. 5. 
p. 165. ex Berg. mat. med. 1. p. 142.  Aubérgine, Regn. bot. 
icon. t. 56. Tréngum mèra, Rumph. 3. Berries oblong-terete, 
recurved at top, purple, yellow, or cinereous. Melongéna 
fructu incurvo, Tourn. inst. p. 152. Sol. pomiferum, fructu 
incurvo, Plukn. alm. p. 350. phyt. t. 226. f. 2. Bauh. 
hist. 3. p. 316. icone. Melantzana Arabum; Melongéna et 
Bedegian, Rauw. itin. ex C. Bauh. 167. 4. Berries black. 
S. pomíferum fructu spinoso nigro, Mor. hist. 3. p. 524. sect. 
13. t. 2. f. 2. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 619. icon. Melongéna spinósa, 
fructu longo nigro, Tourn. inst. p. 152. ? Melongéna spinosa, 
fructu rotundo nigro, Tourn. l. c.—Plukn. alm. 350. phyt. t. 
226. f. 3. Melanzàna nigra, Rauw. itin. ex C. Bauh. l. c. et 
Mor. hist. l. c. 5. Berries round. Melongéna fructu rotundo, 
The egg-plant, Melongéne in French, Tol- 
lapfel in German, and Malanzana in Italian. The berries are 
large, oval, and generally white in colour, much resembling a 
hen's egg, and in large specimens that of a swan. In French 
and Italian cookery it is used in stews and soups, and for the 
general purposes of the Love-apple or Tomato. The following 
varieties are cultivated for culinary purposes. 1. The oval- 
shaped white. 2. The globular-shaped white, and the purple 
or violet-coloured of both forms. In cultivating the plants for 
use, they should be reared on a hot-bed in light rich earth. 
After they have grown two or three proper leaves, they may 
either be pricked out into another hot-bed, or planted in small 
pots, to be shifted in rotation till in size no. 16. in which they 
will produce their fruit. If the plants instead of being shifted 
into fruiting pots are planted against a wall, or in a warm bor- 
der in June, they will fruit in the open air, if the season is not 
b rs wet and cold. 
Melongene Egg-plant, Mad-apple, and Jews'-apple. 
June, July. Clt. 1597. Pl. 2 pe ash di 
283 S. mwcA'NvuM (Lin. spec. ed. 1. p. 188. Dun. sol. p. 
213. but not of Ruiz. et Pav.) all as in S, melongena, except 
that the fertile peduncles are racemosely corymbose, 3-4-flow- 
ered; stem, leaves, and calyxes prickly ; fruit smaller, ovate or 
subglobose, and more inclosed in the calyx, (S.S. Native of 
the East Indies, everywhere; Mauritius, &c. S. incànum, 
Roxb. fl. ind. 2. p. 249. exclusive of the syn. of Rumph. S. 
undatum, Lam. dict. 4. p. 301. Blum. bijdr. p. 700. S. Zey- 
lánicum, Scop. del.1. t. 1. S I'ndicum, Wall. cat. no. 2626. 
S. incànum Zeylánicum, Pers. ench. 1. p. 226. ?—Boerh. lugdb. 
2. p. 69. Plant clothed with canescent tomentum. Corolla 
bluish-violet. Berry roundish, yellow or white, egg-shaped. 
Var. B; flowers 6-7-cleft. ©.S. Native of the Mauritius. 
S. argyracántha, Dum. Courset. bot. cult. ed. 2d. vol. 3. p. 162. 
S. marginàtum argyracántha, Pers. ench. 1. p. 228. 
1 y Egg-plant. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. Pl. 2 to 3 
ee 
Fl. 
284 S. HETERACA’NTHUM (Dun. syn. p. 39. sol. ed. 2d. ined. 
t. 65. Nees in Lin. trans. 17. p. 51.) herbaceous, woody at the 
base, perennial, clothed with stellate hairs; prickles of the 
