488 
Oak-leaved Nightshade. Shrub. 
2 Sora'NuM pi'sticuum (Schum. pl. guin. p. 122.) shrubby, 
unarmed, tomentose ; leaves ovate, subrepand ; racemes simple, 
infra-foliaceous, distich. p. S. Native of Guinea, at Aquapim. 
Léaves twin: tomentum stellate. Corollas size of those of S. 
nigrum, white. Fruit size of bilberries, globose, glabrous, 
scarlet. 
Distich-racemed Nightshade. Shrub 6 feet. 
3 Sora‘num A’rropo (Schum. pl. guin. p. 124.) sub-herbace- 
ous, unarmed ; leaves obovate, cuneated, angularly-repand, 
acutish, glabrous ; peduncles opposite the leaves, usually twin, 
l-flowered. ©.? S. Native of Guinea. Stem branched, 
glabrous. Corollas pale blue, size of those of S. tuberdsum ; 
limb entire, plicate, having the angles ending each in a subulate 
point. Berry size of an apple, dirty yellow. Leaves 3-6 
inches long. A’tropo is the vernacular name of the plant. 
Allied to S. Melongena. 
Atropo Nightshade. PI. 2 feet? 
4 Sora NuM EDULE (Schum. pl. guin. p. 125.) sub-herbace- 
ous, unarmed ; leaves ovate, repandly-toothed, oblique, clothed 
with stellate tomentum ; peduncles twin ; calyx rather prickly. 
Q.?S. Native of Guinea. Stem beset with adpressed, stel- 
late hairs. Racemes usually opposite the leaves.  Corollas pale 
violet, size of those of S. tuberdsum; limb of 5 acuminated 
angles. Berry size of an apple, nearly globose, yellow. Nearly 
allied to S. Melongéna and S. insanum. 
Edible Nightshade. Pl. 2 feet. 
5 SOLA`NUM DasvPHY' LLUM (Schum. pl. guin. p. 126.) sub- 
herbaceous, rather prickly ; leaves broad-cuneated, angularly- 
lobed, hairy, and are, as well as the calyxes, prickly; racemes 
opposite the leaves, few-flowered. ©.S. Native of Guinea, 
where it is called by the natives Atropo-Bah. Leaves nearly 
sessile, almost a foot long. Prickles subulate, straight. Co- 
rollas rotate, blue, villous outside, size of those of S. tuberdsum ; 
limb acutely 5-angled. Berry nearly globose, size of an apple. 
Allied to S. Melongéna. 
Thick-leaved Nightshade. PI. 2 feet. 
6 SorA'NUM runctna‘tuM (Ruiz. et Pav. fl. per. 2. p. 36. D. 
Don, in Sweet, fl. gard. n. s. t. 177.) unarmed; leaves pinnati- 
fid, smoothish ; panicles cymose ; stigma clavate; calycine seg- 
ments ligulate, recurved; stems herbaceous, diffuse. 2%. H. 
Native of Peru.—Feuill. per. 1. p. 722. t. 15. Corolla viola- 
ceous, 5-lobed. Perhaps the same as S. pinnàtum, Cav. 
Runcinate-leaved Nightshade. Fl. Sept. Oct. Clt. 1832. 
Pl. diffuse. 
Orper CLXX. VERBA/SCIN& (this order contains plants 
agreeing with the genus Ferbáscum in important characters.) 
Nees ab Esenbeck, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 78. Solàneæ genera, 
Juss. gen. p. 123. edit. Usteri. p. 139.  Scrophularíneze, tribe 
A. Verbascez, Bartl. and Rchb.—See R. Br. prod. p. 444. 
Corolla rotate, with a flat, 5-cleft, unequal limb, or ventricose, 
with a bilabiate limb. Stamens 5, of different forms; of these 
the upper one is sometimes sterile or wanting. Anthers 1-celled, 
adnate to a hatchet-shaped connective. Carpels 2, joined into a 
capsule, which opens from the apex. Endocarp changing into a 
bipartible dissepiment. Placenta marginal, combined into a central 
column, which is free from the margins, and constituting the axis 
of the dissepiment, and which is rather prominent in the hollow 
of both carpels. Seeds many, reniform, albuminose. Embryo 
a little arched, central.—Perennial or biennial herbs, of a mu- 
cilaginous substance. Leaves alternate, usually decurrent or 
VERBASCIN E. 
I. VERBASCUM. 
opposite, on a straight or twiggy stem. Flowers disposed in 
terminal, usually elongated racemes or spikes, propped by the 
decreasing leaves. Corollas white, yellow, or purple. Fila- 
ments usually bearded. 
This order differs principally from Solanàcece in the 1-celled, 
reniform, or oblong anthers, which are sometimes bent in and 
complicate, often unequal, and of different forms in the same 
flower ; it also differs from Schrophuldrine by the same - 
reason. 
Synopsis of the genera. 
1 VrnzA'scux. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla rotate or funnel- 
shaped. Stamens 5, inclinate, usually bearded, all antherifer- 
ous. Anthers lunate. 
2 Rawównia. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla rotate, rather un- 
equal. Stamens 5, all antheriferous, approximate, bearded ? 
Anthers perforated at the apex. 
3 Cr'tsta. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla rotate. 
mens 4, didynamous, bearded; anthers lunate. À 
4 IsawTHE'RA. Flowers polygamous. Corolla in the male 
flowers rotate, in the female wanting. Stamens equal, glabrous; 
anthers reniform, dehiscing by a vertical chink. 
Perfect sta- 
I. VERBA'SCUM (of Pliny, who deduces it from Verbena ; 
but according to others, it should have been Barbáscum, from 
the bearded filaments. Hence it is called Barbasso in Italian ; 
and one species is called Thdpsus barbatus by some old authors.) 
Tourn. inst. t. 61. Lin. gen. no. 245. Schreb. gen. no. 381. 
Juss. gen. p. 124. ed. Usteri, p. 139. Gaertn. fruct. t. 55. 
Lam. ill. 117. f. 2. Schrad. verb. in colum. soc. goett. vol. 2. 
1813. Nees, in Lin. trans. 17. p. 79.— Blattària, Tourn. 
Lin. syst.  Pentándria, Monogijnia. Calyx 5-parted. Co- 
rolla rotate or funnel-shaped. Stamens 5, all antheriferous, in- 
clinate, usually bearded. Anthers all or only some of them in 
the same flower, lunate. Capsule 2-valved; valves bent in. 
Seeds fixed to the central placenta.—Usually strong, erect, pe- 
rennial, or biennial herbs. Leaves broad, usually decurrent, 
decreasing in size as they ascend the stem, until they become 
bracteas. Flowers yellow, white, purple, or copper-coloured, 
disposed in elongated, dense or loose, racemes or spikes. 
§ 1. Leaves decurrent. Flowers disposed in dense spikes. 
1 V. Tua’psus (Lin. spec. p. 252.) leaves crenulated, decur- 
rent, lanceolate-oblong, tomentose: superior ones acute; ra- 
cemes spicate, dense; calycine segments lanceolate, acute, to- 
mentose above, equal in length to the fruit; corolla subrotate, 
with oblong, obovate, obtuse segments; anthers nearly equal. 
ê. H. Native throughout Europe, Siberia, Tauria, and Cauca- 
sus, in sterile and waste places, especially on a gravelly or cal- 
careous soil; plentiful in Britain, in like situations ; also of 
Nipaul and Kamaon. Smith, engl. bot. t. 549. Oed. fl. dan. 
t. 631. Schkuhr, handb. 1. p. 136. t. 42. Woodv. med. bot. 
p. 342. t. 125. V. lychnitis, Schultz, starg. no. 185. V. pál- 
lidum, Nees, in flora, 2. p. 295. V. Indicum, Wall. cat. no. 
2630. B. C. and F.—Gmel. sib. 4. p. 91. no. 415.—Hall. helv. 
no. 581.— Blackw. herb. t. 3.— Mor. hist. 2. sect. 5. t. 9. f. 1. 
—Lob. icon. 1. p. 561. Plant soft from tomentum in every 
part. Lower leaves a foot long.  Racemes densely spiked, fas- 
cicled, simple, or branched, often 3 feet long. Corolla yellow. 
