SCROPHULARINEZE. 
2 I. scz’prrum (Lindl. dig. p. 26. t. 28.) segments of corolla 
obtuse; racemes comose. 5. G. Native of Madeira, in shady 
woods. Digitalis scéptrum, Lin. suppl. 282. Lher. angl. p. 21. 
t. 24. Smith, exot. bot. 2. p. 27. t. 73. R. Br. in hort. kew. 4. 
p. 31. Trunk di-trichotomous. Young branches fleshy, pilose. 
Leaves obovate-lanceolate, denticulated, pilose beneath, crowded 
at the tops of the branches. Racemes thyrsoid. Flowers 
dense, pendulous, of a yellowish brown colour.  Calycine 
segments pilose, spatulate, the 3 upper the shortest. Co- 
rolla pilose, reticulated; segments oblong-roundish: superior 
one flat, bipartite: lateral ones spreading a little smaller : 
lower one concave. 
Sceptre Isoplexis. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1777. Shrub 8 to 
4 feet. 
Cult. Both species of Jsopléxis are very showy when in 
blossom. A light rich soil answers them well; and they may 
be either increased by cuttings under a hand-glass, or by seed, 
which ripen plentifully. f 
III. SCROPHULA‘RIA (so named from its supposed use in 
the cure of scrofula.) Tourn, inst. p. 166. t. 74. Lin. gen. 
no. 756. Schreb. gen. no. 1014. Juss. gen. p. 119. ed. Usteri. 
p. 133. Gaertn, fruct. 1. p. 249.t. 53. Neck. elem. 1. p. 348. 
Lam. dict. 7. p. 27. ill. t. 533. — Scrofulària, Spreng. anleit. ed. 
2d. 1. p. 394. Wydler. mon. scrof. 
Lin. syst. Didyndmia, Angiospérmia. Calyx 5-parted, or 
usually 5-cleft, nearly equal. Corolla with a ventricose sub- 
globose tube, and a short 5-lobed limb: segments short, round- 
ish : the 2 upper ones combined with the upper lip. Stamens 4, 
fertile, didynamous, declinate, the rudiment of a fifth often 
present; anthers l-celled. Style simple, thickened at the apex. 
Stigma emarginate. Capsule almost globose, or ovoid, often 
acuminated ; valves entire, but often also shortly bifid at apex. 
The fifth filament, when present, is adnate, bearing a sessile, 
lamelliform, or emarginately spatulate anther or tip.—Herbs or 
under-shrubs with a fetid smell. Leaves opposite; or the supe- 
rior ones are sometimes alternate, entire, or deeply pinnatifid, 
sometimes full of pellucid dots. Inflorescence thyrsoid; peduncles 
opposite, or alternate, cymosely many-flowered, rarely 1-flowered. 
Secr. I. Vextra (in myth. the wife of Neptune.) Rudiment 
of a fifth stamen none. 
§ 1. Thyrse leafy. 
1 S. verna‘uis (Lin. spec. p. 864.) hairy; leaves roundish- 
cordate, coarsely and multiplicately serrated, acute ; peduncles 
opposite; lobes of calyx without a membrane, lanceolate ; lobes 
of corolla short, connivent; genitals exserted. (2. H. Native 
of Europe, in shady, humid places ; particularly on the Cauca- 
sian Alps. It is to be found in woods and hedges in some parts 
of England, but is hardly indigenous. Schkuhr, handb. 2. t. 
173. Smith, engl. bot. t. 567. Hook. fl. lond. t. 70. Oed. 
fl. dan. t. 411. S. cordàta, Waldst. et Kit. hung. 1. p. 75. t. 
73.— Barrel. icon. t. 273.— Mor. hist. p. 482. sect. 5. t. 8. f. 2. 
—Riv. mon. irr. t. 107. f. 2. Upper leaves alternate and 
smaller. Size and form of bracteas variable. Lobes of calyx 
obtuse, or acute, full of pellucid dots. Corolla yellow. Ovarium 
clothed with stipitate glands. Capsule oblong, pear-formed. 
Vernal Figwort. Fl. March, May. Britain. Pl. 2 feet. - 
§ 2. Thyrse leafless. 
2 S. PAvcrrLORA (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 17.) glabrous; stem 
hardly angular; leaves roundish-ovate, coarsely, acutely, and 
doubly serrated ; thyrse elongated, few-flowered, with short, 
remote cymes ; calycine segments lanceolate, acute, without 
membranes, shorter than the capsule; genitals inclosed. 2. 
III. Scropuunaria. 507 
H. Native of Gosaingsthan, Wall. Corolla yellowish, with 
nearly equal segments. Capsule ovate, obtuse. 
F'em-flowered Figwort. Pl. 2 to 3 feet? 
3 S. onrgzNTA'Lis (Lin. spec. 864.) glabrous; lower leaves 
pinnatifidly cut: superior ones lanceolate, all regularly and 
sharply serrated; peduncles subverticillate ; lobes of calyx 
membranous, ovate; genitals exserted. 2/.H. Native of the 
Levant, Siberia, and Caucasus. Schkuhr, handb. 2. p. 196. t. 
175. Wydler. scrof. p. 26. S. ebulifolia, Bieb. fl. cauc. 2. p. 
77. and 3. p. 415.? but not of Link. S. orientalis foliis can- 
nábinis, Tourn. cor. p. 9. Lower leaves 3-4 in a whorl, pinna- 
tifid, or appendiculate at the base; segments petiolate, all acu- 
minated. Corolla greenish yellow outside, striped lengthwise 
with purple inside: lobes of the upper lip shorter than the 
others. Stigma pilose. Capsule oblong-conical, acuminated. 
Eastern Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1710. Pl. 3 to 4 
feet. 
Secr. Il. SconopówiA (from exopocov, scorodon, the Greek 
name of garlic; in reference to the fetid smell of the species.) 
Sterile stamen present, adnate at the base, but free at the apex, 
dilated and spatulate, or emarginate and reniform. Calycine 
lobes roundish, or ovate, usually with membranous edges. Co- 
rollas purplish-green, greenish, purplish white, rarely yellowish. 
Genitals inclosed, or exserted. Fertile anthers yellow. Roots 
fibrous, rarely tubercular and woody. Stem usually herbaceous, 
but in a few species shrubby. Thyrse loose. 
§ 1. Thyrse leafy. 
4 S. cnANDIFLORA (D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 143. Wydler, 
scroph. p. 26.) leaves clothed with soft villi : lower ones inter- 
ruptedly and lyrately pinnatifid: lobes alternate, ovate, acute, 
toothed: terminal one large, broad, lanceolate; upper leaves 
ovate-lanceolate ; calyx membranous; genitals inclosed. 2. 
H. Native of South America.? Leaves sometimes doubly 
toothed ; teeth ciliated, mucronate ; petioles villous. Peduncles 
5-flowered, much shorter than the leaves. Pedicels and calyxes 
villous. Corolla large, deep red. Anther or top of sterile 
filament reniform. Capsule almost globose. 
Great-flowered Figwort. Fl. June, Aug. Cit. 1820. 
to 3 feet. 
5 S. sAMBUCIFÒLIA (Alp. exot, 203. t. 202. Lin. spec. p. 
865.) glabrous ; lower leaves deeply pinnate: upper ones tern- 
ate, or undivided ; leaflets ovate, acute, deeply toothed: term- 
inal one large; calyxes membranous; genitals inclosed. Y. 
H. Native of Spain, Portugal, Corsica, North of Africa, 
Levant, &c. Hill. veg. syst. 19. t. 48. Mirb. elem. bot. 
(1815.) t. 30. f. 7. S. mellifera, Vahl, symb: 2. p. 68. Desf. 
fl. atl. 2. p. 53. t. 143. S. viridiflora, Poir. voy. barb. 2. p. 
194. S. Hispánica sambuci folio, glabro, Tourn. inst. p. 166. 
— Mor. hist. 2. p. 483. sect. 5. t. 8. f. 6.—Munt. phyt. 45. f. 
238. Mill. fig. 2. t. 221. Leaflets sometimes petiolate. An- 
ther or top of sterile stamen reniform. Capsule acuminated. 
Corolla purple; lower lip greenish. 
Var. B, hirsta (Wydler, scroph. p. 27.) plant hairy in every 
part, canescent. 2. H. Native of Portugal. S. sambucifo- 
lia, Willd. enum. 645. Link, fl. port. p. 272. S. grandiflora, 
Rchb. icon. cent. 1. t. 98. but not of D. C. S. maxima Lusi- 
tanica, sambucifólio lanuginoso, Tourn. inst. p. 166. S. Lusi- 
tanica, maximo flore, foliis dissectis, Ray, hist. suppl. 396. This 
is very like the species, but differs in all its parts being hairy. 
Var. y, thirso aphyllo (Wydler, l. c.) thyrse leafless. i 
Elder-leaved Figwort. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1640. 
3 feet. 
6 S. rEREGRI'NA (Math. comm. in Diosc. Cam. hort. p. 157. t. 
43. Lin. spec. p. 866.) glabrous; leaves cordate, shining, 
372 
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