508 
glabrous; peduncles alternate, 2-5-flowered ; lobes of calyx 
not membranous, glabrous, acute; genitals inclosed. ©. H. 
Native of Greece, Italy, Crete, Balearic Islands, and Provence, 
along way-sides, in hedges, and shady places. D.C. fl. fr. 3. p. 
580. in add. p. 729. S. geminiflóra, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 336. S. 
sexangulàris, Moench. meth. p. 445. S. minor, Sav. fl. pis. 2. 
p. 81. S. argüta, Ait. hort. kew. ed. Ist. vol. 2. p. 342.—Mor. 
hist. 2. p. 481. sect. 5. t. 8. f. 1.—Chabr. sciagr. 470. icone 
TaMojic, Diosc. Stem acute-angled at the base, but obtuse 
angled at apex, dark purple. Leaves full of pellucid dots. 
Corollas small, purple, veiny ; lobes all denticulated. Anther 
or tip of sterile stamen reniform. Capsule almost globose. 
Foreign Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1640. Pl. 1 to 2 
feet. 
7 S. SconopóniA (Lin. spec. p. 864.) pilose ; leaves cordately 
triangular, doubly toothed, acute, wrinkled, all opposite ; edges 
of the lobes of calyx white and membranous, clothed with 
glandular hairs outside; genitals inclosed. 4t. H. Native of 
the Island of Jersey, Siberia, Galicia, Portugal, Tunis, in humid 
places and hedges. Hill. veg. syst. 19. t. 45. Lam. ill. t. 533. 
Smith, engl. bot. 2209. S., scordiifolia, Grisl. vir. lus. p. 75. 
S. melisszefolia, Tourn. inst. p. 166. Petiv. brit. 2. p. 35. f. 11. 
S. scorodonizfolia, Mor. hist. 2. p. 482. sect. 5. t. 35. f. 6. 
Plukn. phyt. t. 59. f. 5. S. foliis cordatis, duplicato-serratis ; 
racemo composito, Gmel. sib. 3. p. 195. Corolla smal], brown- 
ish purple. Anther or tip of sterile stamen reniform. Capsule 
roundish. The plant of Desfontaines, under this name, differs 
from that of Linnzeus in the thyrse being leafless, and the size of 
the corolla. pod 
Var. B. Leaves jagged at the base. 
à Balm-leaved Figwort. Fl. July, Aug. Britain. 
eet. 
8 S. CasrAcNEA'NA (Wydler, scroph. p. 29.) angles of stem 
rather downy; leaves oblong-cordate, doubly and deeply 
‘toothed, acute, rather downy: lower ones opposite : upper ones 
alternate ; edges of the lobes of the calyx red, membranous, 
glabrous outside ; genitals inclosed. %. H. Native of Turkey, 
about Constantinople, Castagne. Stem simple, striated. Leaves 
full of pellucid dots; teeth finely ciliated. Peduncles bifid ; 
pedicels equal. Lobes of calyx ovate. Corollas larger than 
those of S. nodosa, purple. Anther or tip of the fifth stamen 
roundish, emarginate. 
Castagne’s Figwort. Pl. 14 to 2 feet. 
9 S. unTICEFOLIA (Wall. cat. no. 3922. Benth. scroph. ind. 
p. 18.) downy, but at length nearly glabrous; leaves roundish- 
ovate, coarsely and doubly toothed, cordate at the base; pe- 
duncles opposite, 3-7-flowered ; segments of the calyx broad 
ovate, obtuse, with membranous edges ; genitals inclosed. Y. 
H. Native of Nipaul and Gosaingsthan, Wall. Corolla green- 
ish: upper lip longer than the lower segments. Anther or tip 
of sterile filament dilated, spatulate, and emarginate. 
Nettle-leaved Figwort. Pl. 1 to 2 feet? 
10 S. HiuaravE sis (Royle, mss. ex Benth. scroph. ind. p. 
18.) downy, tall; stem obtuse-angled ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 
somewhat doubly-toothed, subcordate at the base; thyrse am- 
ple, panicled, leafy at the base; segments of the calyx ovate, 
roundish, hardly membranous ; genitals exserted. 2. H. Na- 
tive of the Himalaya, common. Corolla greenish. Anther or 
tip of sterile stamen dilated, spatulate, and emarginate. 
Himalaya Figwort. Pl. 3 to 4 feet? 
$2. Thyrse leafless. 
11 S. rorya’nrHa (Royle, mss. ex Benth. scroph. ind. p. 18.) 
downy, tall; stem rather angular; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 
somewhat doubly toothed, narrowed unequally at the base, or 
furnished with a few lanceolate segments; thyrse elongated, 
Pl. 2 to'8 
SCROPHULARINEE. 
III. ScropHunaria. 
large, panicled ; segments of calyx ovate-roundish, with mem- 
branous edges; genitals exserted. %. H. Native of Mus- 
sooree, Royle. Corolla greenish. 
Many-flowered Figwort. Pl. 2 to 4 feet? 
12 S. exa‘rior (Wall. cat. no. 3921. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 
18.) glabrous, tall; stem angular, or winged; lower leaves 
ovate, cordate at the base: superior ones ovate-lanceolate, all 
doubly-toothed ; thyrse large, panicle-formed, almost leafless ; 
segments of calyx deep, lanceolate, acute, not membranous ; 
genitals exserted. 4. H. Native of Gosaingsthan, Wall. Anther 
or tip of sterile stamen dilated, spatulate, and emarginate. 
Tall Figwort. Pl. 3 to 4 feet? 
13 S. naNcEoLA TA (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. p, 419. Nutt. 
gen. amer. 2. p. 44.? Wydler, scroph. p. 29.) glabrous ; lower 
leaves ovate-lanceolate : superior ones lanceolate, all acute, 
serrated; peduncles bifid, 2-5-flowered;  calycine segments 
with membranous edges; capsule roundish. X4. H. Native 
of Carolina, Pennsylvania, &c. S. Marylándica, herb. D. C. 
et Desf. Stem very simple. Leaves not cordate at the base. 
Petioles shorter than the leaves. Corolla greenish yellow. 
Genitals inclosed. 
Lanceolate-leaved Figwort. 
2 to 3 feet. 
14 S. nopdsa (Lin. spec. p. 863.) root tubercular; stem 
acute-angled, glabrous; leaves glabrous, cordately triangular, 
doubly serrated: teeth drawn out at the base; segments of 
calyx not membranous ; genitals inclosed. 2. H. Native of 
shady, humid places, and edges of ditches, throughout Europe; 
plentiful in some parts of Britain, particularly in the north. 
Schkuhr, handb. 2. p. 194. Smith, engl. bot. 1544. Oed. fl. 
dan. 1167. Gunn. fl. norv. 2. p. 87. no. 732. t. 4. f. 1—3. 
Hayne, arz. 5. t. 35.—Petiv. 193. f. 194.— Mor. hist. p. 482. 
sect. 5. t. 8. f. 3. —Riv. mon. irr. t. 107. f. 1.—Blackw. herb. 
t. 87.—Lob. icon. 533. Roots knobbed. Leaves full of small 
pellucid dots, sometimes not cordate at the base. Corollas green- 
ish; lip purplish. Anther or tip of sterile stamen reniform. 
Capsule nearly globose. This species has the name Figwort 
and formerly Kernelwort from its knobbed roots, and Brown- 
wort from the brown tinge of the leaves. In medicine the plant 
is hardly known in modern practice, but the rank smell, like 
elder, and bitter taste of the leaves, seem to indicate some 
active properties. Swine that have the scab are cured by 
washing them with a decoction of the leaves. Wasps resort 
greatly to the flowers. Goats eat the plant; but cows, horses, 
sheep, and swine refuse it. 
Var. B; leaves 3 in a whorl. 
Var. y; flowers green. 
Knotty-rooted Figwort. 
3 feet. 
15 S. Maryra’npica (Lin. spec. p. 863.) stem obtuse-an- 
gled ; leaves cordate, serrated, acute, rounded at the base. 2- 
H. Native of North America and Siberia. S. noddsa, f) 
Americàna, Michx. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 21. S. Marylandica, 
longo profunde serrato urtieze folio, Ray, bist. suppl. p. 396. 
This species hardly differs from S. noddsa, unless in the stem 
being taller, in the teeth of the leaves being deeper; but the 
calyx, corolla, and capsule are the same as those of S. nodósa. 
F Maryland Figwort. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1759. Pl. 3 to 4 
eet. 
16 S. ScoròLu (Hoppe. cent. exsic. D. C, fl. fr. suppl. 406. 
Wydler, scroph. p. 31.) downy ; leaves ovate- cordate, regularly 
and doubly crenated, or serrated, acute, wrinkled; lobes of 
calyx broad, ovate, with whitish, membranous edges ; genitals 
inclosed. 4. H. Native of the Alps of Hungary, Carniola, 
Pyrenees; in hedges, orchards, gardens, and waste places; 
north of Caucasus, in groves; and south of Tauria. Bertol. 
Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1820. PI. 
Fl May, July. Britain. Pl. 2 to 
