518 
sule nearly equal. Seeds ovate, truncate at both ends; testa 
black, full of small pits. 
Flexuous Toad-flax. Pl. prostrate. 
5 L. rRuBRIrÒLIA (Robil. et Cast. diss. ined. ex D. C. fl. fr. 
5. p. 410. Chav. antirrh. p. 96.) stem erect, branched from 
the base, flexuous, downy: lower leaves ovate, opposite, ap- 
proximate, deep red beneath, glabrous; upper leaves oblong, 
alternate; calycine segments linear-spatulate, obtuse, villous. 
©. H. Native of the South of France, near Draguignan, 
Duby; Marseilles, Robill; about Telon; Pyrenees ; and Sar- 
dinia. L.origanifólia, var. rubrifólia, Benth. cat. pl. pyr. p. 
96. Ant. filiforme, Poir. suppl. 4. p. 27. Ant. origanifolium, 
Gouan, hort. monsp. 301. but not of Lin.—Magn. bot. 25. icon. 
t. 24. Stems beset with capitate pili; branches villous. Flowers 
loose ; pedicels pilose, about equal in length to the flowers, but 
lengthening at last. Floral leaves ciliated. Corolla small, pur- 
plish blue, marked with 2 yellow spots at the mouth, downy ; 
lobes entire; spur slender, acute, diverging. 
Var. 3, hàmilis (Chav. antirrh. p. 96.) leaves oblong, nearly 
sessile; calyx about equal in length to the corolla; corolla 
small, with a straight spur. ©.H. Native of Sicily, on arid 
rocks of Montallegro, Mineo, &c. 
Red-leaved Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1826. 
to 2 foot. 
pli 
$ 2. Capsule membranous ; cells equal in size; each cell 
dehiscing by 3 teeth at apex. 
6 L. mrnor (Desf. fl. atl. 2. p. 46. Chav. antirrh. p. 97.) 
stem erect, much branched, downy; leaves oblong-linear, ob- 
tuse, downy : lower ones opposite; pedicels twice or thrice as 
long as the calyx; flowers small, distant; calycine segments 
linear-spatulate, clothed with glandular hairs. (2. H. Native 
of Europe, in sandy corn-fields frequent; as of France, Swit- 
zerland, England, Germany, Barbary, and Caucasus, &c. D. C. 
fl. fr. 3. p. 591. L. Antirrhinum, Chevall, fl. gen. des env. de 
Par.t. 2. L. víscida, Moench. meth. p. 524. Ant. minus, Lin. 
spec. p. 852. Oed. fl. dan. t. 502. — Gaertn. fruct. 1. p. 249. 
t. 93. f. 1. Smith, engl. bot. 28. t. 2014.— Hall. hist. p. 335. 
Linària pumila vulgatior arvensis, Tourn. inst. p. 169.—Riv. 
mon. irr. 1, t. 85. f. 2.—Bauh. hist. 3. p. 465. icone. Plant 
beset with clammy glandular hairs. Flowers in the axils of the 
superior leaves. Corolla small, whitish, having the tube and 
upper lip pale violet ; the palate beset with yellow hairs; lower 
lip white; spur very short, obtuse. Seeds truncate at apex ; 
testa marked by longitudinal furrows. 
Smaller Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Nov. 
foot. 
7 L. urrrora tis (Willd. enum. p. 641. Chav. antirrh. p. 
98.) downy ; stem erect, branched; leaves usually alternate, 
oblong, obtuse; pedicels shorter than the calyx; flowers in 
loose racemes ;- calycine segments linear, acutish. ©. H. Na- 
tive of Austria, on the banks of rivers ; and in the South of 
Istria. Ant. pubéscens, Pers. ench. 2. p. 156. but not of 
Tenore. L. pubéscens, Desf. herb. but not of Presl. Ant. 
littorale, Bernh. ex D. C. fl. fr. 5. p. 410. Corolla bluish, with 
astraight spur. This is very nearly allied to L. minor, but the 
plant is larger, less branched, and the pedicels shorter. 
Sectors Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Nov. Clt. 1820. Pl. 4 to 
1 foot. 
England. Pl. 3 to 3 
Secr. II. Cympara‘ria (from xupBn, kymbe, a boat; in re- 
ference to the shape of the leaves.) Chav. antirrh. 98. Elá- 
tine species, Moench. Cymbalaria species, Baumg. and Gray. 
Leaves palmate-nerved, usually lobed, on long petioles. Flow- 
ers axillary, supported by long pedicels. Corolla having the 
SCROPHULARINEZ. VII. Linaria. 
throat closed by the palate; spur obtuse, much shorter than the 
corolla. Capsule dehiscing by 6 valves at the apex. Seeds 
oblong; testa much wrinkled (Chav. antirrh. t. 5. f. 16.)—Hy- 
pocarpogeous perennial plants, usually growing in the fissures of 
rocks and walls. 
8 L. Cympara‘ria (Mill. dict. ed. 8th. no. 17. Chay. an- 
tirrh. p. 98.) quite glabrous; leaves for the most part alternate, 
cordately reniform, 5-7-lobed: lobes rounded or cuneiform, 
mucronulate ; floriferous pedicels longer than the leaves; caly- 
cine segments linear-lanceolate, acute, smaller than the capsule. 
4. H. Native of Europe, on old walls frequent ; especially in 
Italy and Sicily, where it is alone indigenous; it is also found 
in France, Germany, Switzerland, Britain, apparently wild, but 
has probably been introduced. D. C. fl. fr. 3. p. 583. Tenore, 
syll. p. 302.  Cymbalària hederàcea, Gray, brit. pl. 2. p. 322. 
Ant. hederáceum, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 338. Cymbalària muralis, 
Baumg. trans. 2. p. 208. Elátine Cymbalària, Moench. meth. p. 
525. Ant. quinquélobum, Stok. bot. mat. med. 3. p. 385. 
Ant. Cymbalària, Lin. spec. p. 851. Bull. herb. t. 395. Smith, 
engl. bot. 7. t. 502.— Hall. hist. no. 339.  Linària hederaceo 
folio glabro seu Cymbalària vulgàris, Tourn. inst. 1. p. 169.— 
Lob. icon. t. 615.—Riv. mon. irr. t. 86. f. 2. Roots rhizoma- 
tose, emitting fibres. Branches prostrate, creeping and rooting, 
purplish-green. Corolla bluish-purple, with a yellow palate; 
spur a little curved. Capsule globose, ventricose, glabrous. 
There is a variety of this with white flowers, and pale green 
branches and leaves, and another variety with variegated leaves, 
Parkinson calls the plant Italian Bastard Navel-wort. 
Var. B, acutángula (Chay. antirrh. p. 99.) leaves smaller, 
cordate, 5-9-lobed: superior leaves hastately 5-lobed: lobes 
cuneiform, acute; floriferous pedicels much longer than the 
leaves; calycine segments linear, bluntish; corolla a little 
smaller. - y. H. Native of Italy, in the fissures of rocks, 
about Naples, Abruzzo, St. Angelo, &c. L. acutángula, 
Tenore, syll. p. 302. Ant. acutángulum, Tenore, cat. 1819. 
p- 52. fl. neap. 2. p. 47. t. 59. d 
Var. y, hederefolia (Chav. antirrh. p. 99.) leaves usually 3- 
lobed, thick : lobes broader; calycine segments linear, obtuse ; 
flowers a little larger than the species. 2/. H. Native of 
Auvergne, on the Golden Mountain. Ant. hederzefolium, Poir. 
suppl. 4. p. 18. but not of Saltzm. under Linaria. 
Var. ò, Siebéri (Chav. 1. c.) leaves smaller : some of the lower 
ones entire, and some cordate-roundish: lobes less obtuse; 
flowers smaller; spur twice as long, and thicker than in the 
species. 2t. H. Native of Candia, near Perivoglio, Sieber. 
Ant. Cymbalària, Sieb. herb. cret. : 
Cymbalaria, or Ivy-leaved Toad-Flax. Fl. May, Nov. Bri- 
tain. Pl. creeping and trailing. 
9 L. nrPATICzrFOLIA (Duby, bot. gall. 1. p. 344. Chav. an- 
tirrh. p. 100.) glabrous; leaves opposite, usually reniform, 3- 
5-lobed: lobes rounded and mucronulate: intermediate lobe 
large ; floriferous pedicels longer than the leaves; calycine seg- 
ments linear, acutish, exceeding the capsule. 2. H. Native 
of Corsica, on the mountains, Saltzm.; near Ajaccio, Thom. ; 
and at Lake Iria. L. hederefdlia, Saltzm. exsic. Ant. Cym- 
balaria, var. 6, Lois. fl. gall. 2. p. 373. Ant. hepaticeefolium, 
Poir. suppl. 4. p. 19. Branches purplish, much shorter than 
those of L. Cymbalària. Leaves deep green, usually 3-lobed, 
but sometimes quite entire. Corollas almost twice the size of 
those of Z. Cymbalària, bluish-purple ; spur usually straight. 
Capsule globose, glabrous. 
Liverwort-leaved Toad-Flax. Fl. June, Nov. PI. trailing. 
10 L. rA'Lripa (Tenore, fl. nap. 1. p. 32. et add. fl. nap. t. 
159 152. syll. p. 302. Chav. antirrh. p. 101.) pubescent; 
leaves opposite, cordately reniform, 3-5-lobed : lobes rounded, 
hardly mucronate ; floríferous pedicels shorter than the leaves ; 
1 
