550 
nearly equal. Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate; limb 
4-cleft, sub-bilabiate ; upper segment broader; tube furnished 
with 4 scales inside. Stamens 4, didynamous: the 2 upper 
ones short, with entire filaments: and the 2 lower ones inserted 
at the base of the lower lip, with elongated arched filaments, 
which are furnished each with a short blunt appendage; anthers 
cohering by pairs: with divaricate confluent cells. Capsule 
nearly globose, 2-valved; valves entire, with flat edges ; disse- 
piment parallel, placentiferous, at length free.—Glabrous herbs, 
with the habit of Sésamum ; and with the character almost of 
Torénia. Stems tetragonal. Leaves opposite, subserrated. 
Flowers disposed in terminal racemes, opposite, on short pedi- 
cels. Corollas generally blue. 
1 A. riusRiA TA (D. Don, in Sweet, fl. gard. 234.) leaves 
lanceolate, acute, serrated ; corolla large, tubularly funnel- 
shaped; calycine segments lanceolate, mucronulate ; bracteas 
ovate. 21.G. Native of New Holland, on the banks of the 
Brisbane river at Moreton Bay. — Torénia? fimbriàta, Graham, 
in edinb. phil. journ. sept. 1831.  Torénia scàbra, Graham, in 
bot. mag. 3104. Racemes terminal, 4-16-flowered. Corolla 
large, blue, clothed with minute glandular pubescence outside ; 
lobes of corolla unequally serrated. Stem smooth, glossy. 
Leaves rough to the touch from numerous elevated dots. 
Fringed-flowered Artanema. Fl. June, Nov. Clt. 1830. Pl. 
2 to 3 feet. 
2 A.'AwcusTIFOLIA (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 39.) leaves nar- 
row-lanceolate ; corollas nearly funnel-shaped, twice the length 
of the calyx. 2. S. Native of Singapore. Diceros angusti- 
fólius, Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3885. 
Narron-leaved Artanema. Pl. 2 to 8 feet. 
3 A. sEsamorpes (Benth. 1. c.) leaves oblong or ovate-lanceo- 
late; corollas subcampanulate, twice the length of the calyx. 
Y.S. Native of the Peninsula of India. Coltimnea longifólia, 
Lin. mant. p. 90. Archiménes sesamoides, Vahl, symb. 2. p. 
(Hte 
Sésamum Javánicum, Burm. ind. p. 133. Retz, obs. 4. 
p. 28. Díceros longifolius, Pers. ench. 2. p. 164. Blum. bijdr. 
p. 751.—Rheed. mal. 9. p. 169. t. 87. 
Sesamum-like Artanema. Pl. 2 to 3 feet. 
Cult. The species grow freely in light rich soil, and are rea- 
dily increased by cuttings. 
XLII. TORE'NIA (so named by Linnzus after Olof Toreen, 
a Swedish clergyman, who discovered T. Asidtica, with other 
plants, in China. His voyage to Suratte, China, &c. from 1750 
to 1752, is printed with Osbeck's Voyage to China.) Lin. gen. 
no. 754. Schreb. gen. no. 1011. Juss. gen. p. 122. ed. 
Pun p. 136. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 38. Lam. ill. 523. 
A 
Lin. syst. Didynamia, Angiospérmia. Calyx tubular, pli- 
cate, obliquely 5-toothed or bilabiate ; lips 2-3-toothed. Corolla 
ringent; upper lip bifid: lower one trifid; segments almost 
flat. Stamens 4, didynamous: the 2 upper ones short, with 
entire filaments: the 2 lower ones inserted at the base of the 
lower lip ; with arched elongated filaments, which are each fur- 
nished with a tooth-formed or filiform appendage at the base; 
anthers approximating or cohering by pairs, 2-celled: cells 
diverging or divaricate, confluent at apex. Style simple. 
Stigma flattened, bilamellate or simple? Capsule oblong, 
shorter than the calyx, 2-valved ; valves entire, with flat mar- 
gins ; dissepiment parallel, placentiferous, at length free.— 
Branched, glabrous, or villous herbs, diffuse at the base. 
Stems tetragonal. Leaves opposite, usually toothed. Flowers 
axillary, opposite, or fascicled, sometimes racemose. 
_ 1 T. racemésa (Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3957. B. C. scroph. 
ind. p. 38.) hairy; leaves ovate, acute, wrinkled ; flowers oppo- 
SCROPHULARINEÆ. XLII. 
ArtanemaA, XLIII Torenta. 
site, racemose ; corolla more than a half longer than the calyx, 
%. S. Native of Silhet and Penang. Fructiferous calyx 7-8 
lines long. Corollas blue. 
Racemose-flowered Torenia. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
2 T. rrA v4 (Hamilt. in Wall. cat. no. $957. Benth. scroph. 
ind. p. 38.) rather hairy; leaves ovate-oblong, obtuse, wrin- 
kled ; flowers opposite, racemose ; corolla hardly exceeding the 
calyx. 2t. S. Native at Goalpara, Hamilt. Fructiferous calyx 
6-7 lines long. Corolla yellow. 
Yellow-flowered Torenia. Pl. 1 foot. 
3 T. Asra'rica. (Lin. spec. p. 862. amoen. 3. p. 25. Lam. 
ill. t. 523. f. 1.) leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; peduncles 
axillary, subfasciculate; corolla twice the length of the calyx, 
which is oblong, and attenuated at the base. 2. S. Native 
throughout India, especially in the mountainous parts. Benth. 
scroph., ind. p. 38. T. cordifólia, Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3945. 
but not of Roxb. T. diffüsa, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 86. T. 
peduncularis, Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3956. T. alba, Hamilt. 
ex Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3961. T. hiàns, and T. vagans, 
Roxb. fl. ind. 3. p. 96. T. hirsüta, Willd. spec. 3. p. 266. Gra- 
tiola alata, Roxb. fl. ind. ed. Car. 1. p. 187.2 Bonnaya alata, 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 41. Henckélia alata, Link et Schweegr. et 
Dietr. spec. pl. 1. p. 573.—Rheed. mal. 9. p. 103. t. 58.— 
Plukn. amalth. 85. t. 373. f. 2. This species varies in hairiness, 
form of leaves, and size of corollas, as it now stands; but there 
are probably several species confused under the name. The 
original plant is said to have been quite glabrous.  Fructiferous 
calyx 8-10 lines long. Calyx 5-winged. Stems creeping, l 
foot. 
Asiatic Torenia. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1823. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
4 T. osru'sa (Blum. bijdr. p. 754.) stem creeping; leaves 
nearly sessile, ovate, bluntish, obsoletely and. repandly serrated, 
smoothish; peduncles axillary, terminal, 1-flowered ; upper lip 
of corolla obtuse; capsule longer than the calyx. 2. S. Na- 
tive of the western provinces of Java, in humid places. 
Obtuse-leaved Torenia. PI. creeping. i 
5 T. minvu'ra (Blum. bijdr. p. 755.) stem creeping ; leaves 
on short petioles, ovate, setaceously serrated, subciliated ; pe- 
duncles axillary and terminal, 1-flowered ; superior lip of co- 
rolla emarginate; capsule equal in length to the calyx. Y. 8. 
Native of Java, in humid grassy places about Buitenzorg.— 
Rheed. mal. 10. t. 50. Said by Blume to be allied to T. hir- 
süla. 
Minute Torenia. Fl. Year. Pl. creeping. 
6 T. conprrória (Roxb. cor. 2. p. 32. t. 161.) leaves ovate- 
cordate; peduncles axillary, subfascicled, or solitary ; corollas 
about twice the length of the calyx, which is ovate and round 
at the base. y. S. Native of the Circars, Roxb. ; Mus- 
sooree, Royle. Fructiferous calyx broadly winged, hardly 4 
lines long. Corollas bluish purple. Plant rather hairy. 
Cordate-leaved Torenia. Pl. 1 foot. 
7 T. rAnvirLORA (Hamilt. in Wall. cat. no. 3958.) leaves 
ovate; flowers axillary, somewhat fascicled ; corolla hardly ex- 
ceeding the linear calyxes, which is attenuated at the base. x. 
S. Native at Goalpara, Hamilt.; Birman Empire, Wall. ; and 
of Brazil, near Bahia and Rio Janeiro; and in the Mauritius 
and Madagascar. Norténia Thouarsii, Cham. et Schlecht, in 
Linnea, 3. p. 18.  Torénia pedunculàta, Willd. herb. no. 
11547. "Torénia veroniczefdlia, Willd. herb. no. 11546. 
Small-flowered Torenia. Pl. 1 to 1 foot. 
8 T. rorxcoxorpzs (Benth. scroph. ind. p. 39.) procumbent; - 
leaves roundish ; peduncles axillary, umbellately 3-4-flowered ; 
calyx campanulate, broadly 3-winged ; tube of corolla shortly 
exserted. — Native of Singapore.  Herpéstis polygonoides, 
Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 3897. F ii xm 
