SCROPHULARINEZE. LXXII. Gymnanpra. 
Cuit. The species of Wulfénia are very showy while in 
blossom, and are well fitted for decorating flower borders. They 
grow well in any light rich soil, and are readily increased by 
division and by seeds. A duplicate plant, or two of each kind 
should be grown in pots, so that they may be placed under 
shelter with more ease in winter, as they are liable to rot at 
that season, if they are allowed to remain in the open air. 
LXXII. GYMNA'NDRA (from yvpvoc, gymnos, naked ; and 
aynp avdpoc, aner andros, a male.) Pall. itin. 3. p. 710. append. 
no. 60. t. A. f. 1. Willd. in mag. gess. naturf. freund. berol. 
390. t. 9-10. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 46.—Lagotis, Gaertn. nov. 
comm. petrop. 14. p. 533. t. 18. f. 2. Verónica species, Gmel. 
Bartsia species, Lin. fil, 
Lin. syst. Didndria, Monogiynia. Calyx spathaceous, cleft 
on one side, or bipartite ; segments entire, or toothed. Corolla 
tubular; limb sub-bilabiate; upper lip entire, emarginate, or 
bifid : lower one 2-4-cleft; segments all flat. Stamens 2, placed 
at the sides of the upper lip, without any vestiges of lower 
ones; anthers 2-celled ; cells sub-confluent at apex. Stigma 
truncate, or thickened and capitate. Capsule 2-celled; cells 1- 
seeded. Seeds oblong, a little curved, ex Cham. et Schlecht, 
under G., Gmelini.—Exect, glabrous herbs, becoming black on 
drying. Stems many, simple, rising from the neck. Radical 
leaves petiolate: cauline ones smaller: the uppermost ones 
usually scale-formed. Flowers sessile in the axils of the brac- 
teas, disposed in terminal crowded spikes. 
1 G. Kuxawunr' sis (Royle, mss. ex Benth, scroph. ind. p. 
47.) radical leaves ovate, rather deeply toothed, rounded, or 
narrowed at the base; stamens very short at the base of the 
upper lip of corolla; style equal in length to the stamens; 
stigma 2-lobed. 4. H. Native of Kanaour (Kunawur), Royle. 
The lower lip of the corolla is probably always 4-cleft. Said to 
be allied to G. Gmelini, Cham. et Schlecht, but the spike is 
more slender. Corollas blue. 
Kanaour Gymnandra. Pl. 1 foot. 
2 G. CasuuxniA'NA (Royle, ill. bot. himal. t. 73. f. 3.) radical 
leaves oblong, coarsely crenated, and quite entire, narrowed a 
long way at the base; spike short, ovate; corolla incurved at 
apex; stamens rather exceeding the superior lip; style shorter 
than the stamens. 2. H. Native of Cashmere, Royle. Corol- 
las blue. Lower lip of corolla usually bifid. 
Cashmere Gymnandra. PI. 1 foot. 
3 G. Guzzi Nr (Cham. et Schlecht, in Linnea, 2. p. 561.) 
radical leaves roundish, or elongately-ovate, rather attenuated at 
the base, bluntish, coarsely and unequally crenated ; stamens 
not above half the length of the superior lip; style shorter 
than the stamens. 2%. H. Native of Kamtschatka, Bhering’s 
Island, Unalaschka, and most of the Aleutian Islands. G. 
ovata, Willd. 1. c. 5. p. 395. t. 10. f. 8. Willd. herb. no. 262. 
G. renifórmis, Willd. l. c. p. 396. t. 10. f. 9. Lagotis glaáüca, 
Gertn. in nov. comm. petrop. 14. p. 584. t. 18. f. 2. Gym- 
nàndra boreàlis, var. ex Kamtschatka et Insula Beeringii, Pall. 
itin. 3. p. 712. Verónica, foliis inferioribus ovatis crenatis, 
superioribus rotundis mucronatis, caule spicà terminato, Gmel. 
fl. sib. 3. p. 219. The whole plant glabrous and succu- 
lent. Spikes short, dense. Corolla blue; lower lip bifid, or 
trifid. 
Gmelin’s Gymnandra. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 
4 G. STELLE'‘RI (Cham. et Schlecht, l. c. p. 568.) radical 
leaves oblong, attenuated at both ends, but most so at the 
base, acute, unequally and bluntly serrated ; stamens almost the 
length of the upper lip; style longer than the stamens.  . H. 
Native of Siberia, between the river Lena and the ocean, Steller; 
Bay of St. Lawrence, Cham. ; and probably in the Island of St. 
Lawrence. G. minor, Willd. l. c. p. 393. t. 9. f. 3. herb. no. 
^ 
581 
258. G. dentata, Willd. l. c. p. 394. t. 9. f. 4. herb. no. 260. 
G. gracilis, Willd. l. c. p. 394. t. 9. f. 5. G. elongata, Willd. 
l.c. Gymnándra boreàlis var. inter Lenam et Oceanum lecta, 
Pall. itin. 3. p. 712. Plant slender, quite glabrous. Spikes 
slender. Corolla blue; lower lip 2-3-parted. 
Steller’s Gymnandra. | Pl. 3 to 1 foot. 
5 G. Parras (Cham. et Schlecht, l. c. p. 564.) radical 
leaves roundish, or elongately ovate, acutish, attenuated at the 
base, quite entire, or obsoletely crenated; stamens not above 
half the length of the superior lip; style longer than the sta- 
mens. ot. H. Native of Davuria, on the tops of the alps; and 
of arctic Siberia. C. integrifolia, Willd. 1. c. p. 392. t. 9. f. 1. 
herb. no. 255. G. Altàica, Willd, I. c. p. 395. t. 10. f. 7. herb. 
no. 257.  Gymnándra borealis ex arcto et alpibus Davurize, 
Pall. itin. 3. p. 712. t. A. f. 1. Bártsia Gymnándra, Lin. fil. 
Flowers blue. Lower lip of corolla constantly 2-lobed. All 
the segments of the corolla are narrow. 
Pallas’s Gymnandra. — Pl. 1 to 1 foot. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Wulfènia, p. 580. 
Pretty alpine plants. 
LXXIII. Prcnonuza. LXXIV. Grocuorpa. 
8 2. Stamens 4, didynamous. 
LXXIII. PICRORHTZA (from poc, picros, bitter; and 
pia, rhiza, a root; in reference to the bitterness of the root.) 
Royle, ill. bot. himal. t. 71. Benth. scroph. ind. p. 47. 
Lin. syst.  Didynàmia, Angiospérmia. Calyx campanulate, 
about equally 5-cleft. Corolla campanulate, shorter than the 
calyx, about equally 4-cleft; segments quite entire. Stamens 
4, inserted at the throat of the corolla, nearly equal, diverging, 
much exserted ; anthers 2-celled: cells confluent at top.  Stig- 
ma hardly thickened. Valves of capsule septiferous in the mid- 
dle, bipartite ; dissepiment duplicate. Seeds nearly inclosed in 
an aril-formed vesiculose membrane. 
1 P. Kurro‘a (Royle, ill. bot. himal. t. 71.)—Native of 
Gosainsthan and Kamaon, Wall.; Kidarconta, Royle. Verónica 
Lindleyàna, Wall. cat. no. 404. Herb almost stemless. Radical 
leaves oblong, narrowed into the petioles at the base, serrately 
erenated at top, or beset with a few short scattered hairs. 
Scapes naked, erect. Flowers sessile, densely spicate. 
Kurroa Pierorhiza. PI. 1 foot. 
Cult. For culture and propagation see Wulfénia, p. 580. 
LXXIV. GEOCHO'RDA (from yn, ge, the earth; and 
xopon, chorde, a cord; in reference to the whip-like, creeping 
stems.) Cham. et Schlecht, in Linnea, 3. p. 11. Herpéstis 
species, Spreng. 
Lin. syst. — Didynàmia, Angiospérmia. Calyx 5-parted, 
equal. Corolla funnel-shaped; limb nearly equal, 4-parted. 
Stamens 4, nearly equal, a little exserted; anthers oblong, 2- 
celled ; cells opposite, fixed by the middle. Capsule oblong, 
inclosed in the calyx, which is permanent, 2-celled, with a locu- 
licidal dehiscence ; dissepiment from the involute margin of 
the valves; placenta central, stipitate.—Root rather woody. 
Stems articulated, terete, prostrate, rooting at the joints. Leaves 
opposite or 2-4 in a whorl, furnished with young branches in 
the axils, hence the leaves appear fascicled ; from obovate to 
roundish, cuneated, and tapering into the petioles, lobed; lobes 
crenated, or irregularly and sometimes doubly crenated, quite 
entire in the cuneated part. Young stems, nodi, petioles, pe- 
duncles, and calyxes covered with long, curled, articulated hairs. 
Pedicels axillary, twin from the 4-leaved nodi, and shorter than 
the leaves; the rest very variable in length, usually very short, 
filiform, terete, 1-flowered. Calyx bractless. 
1 G. cuxzA' TA (Cham. et Schlecht, 1. c.) %.? Ah. F. Na- 
tive of the South of Brazil, in the provinces of Rio Grande do 
