588 
and cuttings will strike root readily in the same kind of earth 
under a hand glass; or they may be increased by seeds. 
LXXX. POLYCARENA (from «ove, polys, many; and 
kapnvoy, karenon, a head, in reference to the heads of flowers.) 
Benth. in Hook. comp. 1. p. 371.  Buchnéra and Manülea 
species, Lin. and Thunb. 
Lin. syst. Didynàmia, Angiospérmia. Calyx membranous, 
bilabiate, bipartite in the fructiferous state. Corolla permanent ; 
tube at length cleft; throat broader; limb spreading, nearly 
equally 5-cleft. Stamens didynamous, inserted towards the top of 
the tube ; anthers all similar, exserted. Capsule membranous.— 
Small annual herbs, natives of South Africa, usually much 
branched, more or less clammy, hardly becoming blackish on 
drying. Spikes terminal, usually capitate in the floriferous 
state, but generally elongated in the fructiferous state. Flowers 
almost sessile. Floral leaves adnate to the very short pedicels. 
* Tube of corolla 2 or 3 times longer than the calyx. 
1 P. Carr wsrs (Benth. l. c.) clothed with clammy down; 
leaves linear, or oblong, entire, and few-toothed ; spikes rather 
loose, numerous, corymbosely panicled ; tube of corolla 3 times 
as long as the calyx. ©. G. Native of Cape District, Ecklon, 
Drége, &c. Buchnéra Capénsis, Lin. mant. 88. Mandlea Ca- 
énsis, Thunb. fl. cap. 467. Flowers yellow. Tube of corolla 
$ an inch long; limb larger than in any of the other species. 
Generally all 4 anthers are exserted. 
Cape Polycarena. PI. 3 foot. 
2 P. aitioiprs (Benth. l. c. p. 372.) clothed with clammy 
pubescence ; leaves linear, a little toothed: floral ones about 
equal in length to the calyxes; spikes downy, few-flowered ; 
tube of corolla twice as long as the calyx. ©. G. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope, in sands near Paarl, Drége. Habit of 
Gilia lacinidta, more slender than P. Capénsis, with the flowers 
hardly half the size, Benth. 
Gilia-like Polycarena. Pl. 1 to 4 foot. 
* * Tube of corolla rather shorter than the calyx. 
3 P. Av'nzA (Benth. l. c.) clothed with clammy pubescence ; 
leaves linear, quite entire, or a little toothed: floral ones linear- 
lanceolate, about equal in length to the calyxes; spikes short, 
dense, pubescent; limb of corolla longer than its tube. ©. G. 
Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Buchnéra aürea, Herb. 
Banks, mss. Manülea ZEthiópica, Thunb. fl. cap. 467,? ex- 
clusive of the syn. of Lin. Flowers golden yellow, above twice 
the size of those of P. pubéscens, by which it differs from that 
species, as well as in its narrow, erect leaves. 
Golden-flowered Polycarena. P]. 4 foot. 
4 P. rusEscENs (Benth. l. c.) erect, small, clothed with 
clammy pubescence ; lower leaves subovate : superior ones ob- 
long, or linear, quite entire, and toothed: floral ones ovate, or 
lanceolate, about equal in length to the flowers ; bracteas and 
capsules downy ; limb of corolla about equal in length to its 
tube. ©. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, at Rode- 
sand, Haazenkraalsrivier, and Zilverfontein, in Namaqualand. 
Varies in the leaves being entire and toothed. Spikes short, 
and dense. 
Downy Polycarena. Pl. 4 foot.? E 
5 P. carıLLa`ris (Benth. |. c.) smoothish ; lower leaves obo- 
vate, or oblong: rameal ones linear: floral ones linear, obtuse, 
equalling the calyxes in length, and capsules, glabrous ; fructi- 
ferous spikes loose. ©. G. Native of the Cape Flats and 
Zwarteland. Manilea capillaris, Lin. syst. 569. suppl. 285. 
Thunb. fl. cap. p. 468. Branches slightly pubescent. Calyx 
about a line long. Flowers small, yellow. 
Capillary Polycarena. PI. 4 foot. 
SCROPHULARINEZ. LXXX. PoLYcARENA. 
LXXXI. PuvrroropiUM. 
6 P. rarrròrRa (Benth. 1. c.) clothed with fine pubescence ; 
leaves narrow-linear, almost quite entire, or the lower ones are 
oblong: floral ones exceeding the flowers ; spikes few, few- 
flowered, nearly glabrous ; limb of corolla shorter than its tube. 
Q. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Habit of the 
preceding, but the leaves are narrower, and the flowers much 
smaller. 
Few-flowered Polycarena. Pl. $ to $ foot. 
7 P.PLANTAGINEA (Benth. l. c.) erect, small, clothed with 
clammy pubescence; lower leaves obovate: superior ones ob- 
long, quite entire, and few toothed: floral ones lanceolate, 
obtuse, exceeding the calyxes ; corolla small, having the limb 
shorter than its tube. (2. G. Native of the Cape of Good 
Hope, on rocks at Modderfontein and Zilverfontein, in Nama- 
qualand, Drége. Spikes forming small leafy heads, with a few, 
detached, axillary flowers, lower down in the stem. Flowers 
smaller than in any other plant belonging to tribe Buchnéree. 
Plaintain-like Polycarena. Pl. 4 foot. 
8 P. iNTERTE xTA (Benth. l. c.) procumbent, clothed with 
clammy pubescence; leaves petiolate, small, ovate-toothed, 
downy : floral ones ovate-oblong, obtuse, scarcely exceeding the 
calyx; spikes globosely capitate, somewhat fastigiate. ©. G 
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.  Manülea intertéxta, 
Banks, herb. Flowers very small. Leaves more deeply tooth- 
ed than any other species. 
Interwoven Polycarena. Pl. procumbent. 
Cult. The species are all beautiful tender annuals. The 
seeds of them should be reared on a hot-bed in early spring, and 
about the middle or end of May some of the young plants may 
be set out in the open border, in a warm, sheltered situation; and 
others may be grown in pots, and placed in the green-house. 
LXXXI. PHYLLOPO'DIUM (from gvAdov, phyllon, a leaf; 
and rovc moðoc, pous podos, a foot; in reference to the floral 
leaves being adnate to the pedicels or flower stalks.) Bentht 
in Hook. comp. 1. p. 372.—Manilea species, Lin. and Thunb. 
Lin. syst. Didynàmia, Angiospérmia. Calyx nearly equally 
5-parted ; segments sub-connate at the base, with membranous 
margins. Corolla funnel-shaped; tube shorter than the calyx; 
limb 5-parted ; segments entire, nearly equal. Stamens didy- 
namous, exserted ; anthers all similar. ‘Capsule membranous. 
—Harsh annual herbs, natives of South Africa, generally pro- 
cumbent at the base, rarely erect, usually becoming blackish on 
drying. Floral leaves adnate to the pedicels, which are very 
short. Flowers small, sessile, orange-coloured, or usually blu- 
ish or purplish.? Spikes terminal, usually capitate, more or 
less elongated in the fructiferous state. 
1 P. cunziréz1um (Benth. l c. p. 373.) stem pubescently 
hairy ; lower leaves petiolate, ovate, or obovate, deeply toothed: 
superior ones oblong, cuneated: floral ones hardly exceeding 
the calyxes ; floriferous spikes capitate: fructiferous ones ob- 
long-cylindrical, dense, many-flowered. ©. G. Native of the 
Uitenhage district, about Algoa Bay. Stem woody, though 
annual. Leaves thickish, glabrous. Divisions of calyx joined 
to the middle by a membrane. Habit of Selàgo, Bentb. 
Wedge-leaved Phyllopodium. PI. 3 foot. 
2 P. carira‘tum (Benth. 1. c.) stem hairy ; leaves ovate-lan- 
ceolate, or oblong, hairy: superior ones small, linear: floral 
ones ovate-lanceolate, hairy: outer ones exceeding the calyxes; 
spikes capitate, nearly globose, or at length oblong, dense, many- 
flowered. ©.G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, in the 
western districts, from Cape Town to Olifant’s river in Clanwil- 
liam. Manilea capitata, Lin. syst. 569. suppl. 285. Thunb. 
fl. cap. 469. More hairy and less branchy than the preceding. 
Leaves narrower, and less toothed. Spikes very dense, an 
