626 RHINANTHACEE. 
to the spike. Radical leaves similar to those of Spira‘a fili- 
péndula. Bracteas large, foliaceous. Corolla cream-coloured. 
Filaments all bearded. Capsule length of calyx. 
Wilhelms's Lousewort. | Pl. $ to 1} foot. 
72 P. rori0sa (Lin. syst. 552. mant. 86. Stev. mon. p. 56.) 
stem simple ; leaves pinnate: leaflets pinnatifid, with lanceolate, 
unequally toothed segments; spike dense; calyx obliquely 5- 
toothed; galea of corolla very blunt. %. H. Native of 
Europe, as of Switzerland, Hungary, Dauphiny, Italy, even to 
the Crimea. Jacq. austr. 2. t. 139. P. comosa, Scop. carn. 
no. 765.—Hall. helv. no. 317. t. 9. f. 3. P. sumana, Poll. pl. 
ver. 16. Stem short, and ‘almost naked, or tall and leafy. 
Calyx glabrous, or hairy. Corolla cream-coloured; galea 
downy, or glabrous. 
Leafy Lousewort. Fl. July. Clt. 1786. Pl. 3 to 3 feet. 
73 P. conprensa‘ta (Bieb. fl. taur. 2. p. 73. no. 1193.) stem 
simple ; leaves pinnate : leaflets pinnatifid, with lanceolate, une- 
qually toothed segments ; calyx woolly, tubular, with a straight, 
5-toothed mouth; galea of corolla very blunt. 2/7. H. Na- 
tive of Caucasus, in humid, alpine meadows ; Iberia, above 
Tschala; and of Hyrcania. This is a very showy species; the 
leaves and flowers as they ascend give the stem a pyramidal 
appearance. Corolla exactly of P. folidsa. Filaments all beard- 
ed, more or less. 
Dense Lousewort. PI. 1 foot. ? 
74 P. rristis (Lin. spec. 846. Stev. mon. p. 57. t. 10. f. 
2.) stem simple; leaves pinnatifid, with short, obtuse, sharply 
and doubly denticulated segments ; spike dense; calyx 5-cleft ; 
galea of corolla furnished with a short mucrone, villous on the 
edges. ©. H. Native of the Altaian mountains, in Dauria, 
and beyond the Lena, &c. ; also of Kamtschatka. Pall. itin. 2. 
p. 566. 3. p. 444. P. macrocarpos, Pall. herb.— Gmel. sib. 3. 
p. 212. no. 23. Plant trailing. Corolla yellow. Filaments 
glabrous. Capsule hardly exceeding the calyx. 
Sad-flowered Lousewort. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
75 P. AcAV'Lis (Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 1. p. 207. t. 14.) stem- 
less; leaves pinnate: leaflets ovate, obtuse, toothed; scapes or 
peduncles 1-flowered, shorter than the leaves; calyx 5-cleft, 
with toothed segments ; galea obtuse, with a villous margin. 
u.H. Native of the alps of Carniola and Carinthia.— Scop. 
carn. no. 761. t. 31. Flowers showy, very unlike those of 
other species. Corolla whitish. Filaments all villous at the 
base, or only 2 of them. 
Stemless Lousewort. 
Cult. AM the species of Pediculàris are extremely shy of cul- 
tivation. Peat soil and a moist situation suit the generality of 
the species. All foreign species require the protection of a 
frame, or other covering in winter, and for this purpose they 
had better be grown in pots. Tragus affirms, and others take 
it from him, that these plants in pastures breed lice on animals 
that feed on them. The truth, however, seems to be, that they 
indicate a very bad pasture, and the want of proper food may 
occasion the cattle to be in bad condition, and to breed vermin. 
Pl. dwarf. 
IV. MELAMPYRUM (Maagzvpov, of Theophrastus; from 
pedac, melas, black; and zvpoc, pyros, wheat.) ‘Tourn. inst. t. 
78. Lin. gen. no. 742. Schreb. gen. no. 999. Juss. gen. p. 
101. ed. Usteri. p. 113. Gærtn. fruct. 1. p. 244. t. 53. Lam. 
ill. t. 5318. Schukhr, handb. t. 170. Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 58. 
Led. fl. alt. 2. p. 438. 
Lin. syst. Didyndmia, Angiospérmia. Calyx tubular, bila- 
biate, 4-cleft. Corolla tubular, bilabiate : upper lip galeate, 
compressed, with the margin folded back: lower lip grooved, 
trifid, nearly equal. Stamens 4, didynamous, inclosed ; anthers 
oblong ; cells acuminated. Capsule 2-celled, obliquely acumi- 
III. PEDICULARIS. 
IV. MELAMPYRUM. 
nated, opening on one side; cells 2-seeded, ex Nutt., 1-seeded, 
ex Lin. Seeds cartilaginous, cylindrically oblong, or ovoid.— 
Annual plants. Leaves opposite, lanceolate-linear, entire. Flow- 
ers opposite, usually secund, forming terminal racemes ; bracteas 
more or less pinnatifid. 
1 M. crista‘rum (Lin. spec. 842.) spike quadrangular ; 
bracteas cordate, plicate, denticulated, imbricate, coloured ; ca- 
lycine segments linear, acute. ©.H. Native of the North and 
middle of Europe, and Siberia, in meadows and woods; plentiful 
in some parts of Britain. Smith, engl. bot. t. 41. Fl. dan. 
1104.—Riv. mon. t. 81. f. 1.—Plukn. phyt. t. 99. f. 2. —Mor. 
hist. sect. 11. t. 23. f. 32.—Leaves linear-lanceolate, quite 
entire. Flowers reddish, yellow, and white. Beard of throat 
constantly yellow. According to Relham the galea is purplish, or 
white, with a yellow edge. Corolla gaping. 
Crested Cow-wheat. FI. July, Aug. 
1} foot. 
2 M. aAnvE NsE (Lin. spec. 842.) spikes conical, loose ; brac- 
teas ovate, setaceously-toothed, coloured ; teeth of calyx sca- 
brous, lanceolate-linear, acuminated ; corollas closed. ©. H. 
Native of the South of Europe, in fields of wheat ; in England 
but rare, particularly in Norfolk. Smith, engl. t. 53. Fl. dan. 
911.—Riv. mon. t. 80.—Sabb. hort. rom. 3. t. 8.—Mor. hist. 
sect. 11. t. 23. f. 1. Triticum vaccínium, Dod. pempt. 541. f. 
2. Lob. icon. 1.t. 37. Plant slightly downy. Leaves linear 
lanceolate.  Bracteas purple, entire at top. Corolla yellow, and 
dusky purple. The seeds when ground with corn give a bitter- 
ness and greyish cast to the bread, but do not render it unwhole- 
some. 
‘Var. B, argyrocómium (Fisch.) Native of the alpine regions 
of Caucasus. Bracteas white. 
Corn-field Cow-wheat. — Fl. June, July. 
14 foot. 
3 M. sansA UM (Waldst. et Kit. ex Willd. spec. 3. p. 198.) 
spikes conical, loose; bracteas setaceously toothed ; teeth of 
calyx bearded; corolla gaping. ©.H. Native of the south 
of Hungary, in fields. This species differs from M. arvénse, 
to which it is nearly allied, in the bracteas being green, in 
the teeth of the calyx being furnished with long diaphanous 
hairs, in the corolla being gaping, the upper lip more villous on 
the edges, and the corolla totally yellow. 
Bearded-calyxed Cow-wheat. Pl. 1 to 13 foot. 
4 M. nemoro'sum (Lin. spec. 843.) flowers secund, lateral ; 
bracteas cordate-lanceolate, toothed : upper bracteas coloured, 
sterile; calyxes woolly, lanceolate, or ovate acuminated. ©. 
H. Native of Europe, in woods; as of Upland and Scania, 
Denmark, Switzerland, Carniola, Austria, Silesia, and Dau- 
phiny. Fl. dan. t. 805. M. sylvàticum, Riv. mon. t. 81. f. 2. 
— Barrel. icon. t. 769. f. 2. Stem 4 cornered. Leaves ovate- 
lanceolate, acuminated, or somewhat sagittate, eared and toothed 
at the base, rough, hairy beneath, with hispid edges. Brac- 
teas bluish violet, jagged, or toothed at the base. Corolla 
greenish yellow; throat deeper yellow; the tube purplish. 
Calyx coloured, woolly. Anthers bearded at the base. This 
is the most showy of the species. 
Grove Cow-wheat. Fl. July, Aug. Clt.? Pl. 1 to 13 foot. 
5 M. prate’nse (Lin. spec. 843.) flowers axillary, secun ; 
corollas gaping; leaves long-lanceolate : floral ones hastate, OF 
pinnatifidly cut; calycine segments linear, acuminated. ©. H. 
Native of the North of Europe, in dry fields and woods ; plen- 
tiful in many parts of Britain, in like situations. Smith, engl. 
bot. t. 113.— Hall. helv. no. 308.—Besl. eyst. t. 150. £450 
Mor. hist. sect. 11. t. 23. f. 3.— Besl. eyst. astiv. 12. t. 2. f. 2: 
Cratzeogónum album, Gerard. herb. 84. emac. 91. Corolla full 
yellow ; throat orange coloured. 
England. Pl. 1 to 
England. Pl. 1 to 
