824 
299. Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 8. p. 5. t. 712.  Betónica alpina, 
Mill. dict. no. 3.  Betónica folidsa, Presl. fl. sic. 37. ? Betonica 
affinis, Wender. in bot. zeit. 1826. 1. p. 353. Betónica serótina, 
Host, fl. austr. vol. 2. Beténica divülsa, Tenore, syll. fl. nap. 
append. p. 641. ?—Sabb. hort. rom. t. 82.— Riv. mon. irr. t. 28. 
—Mor. hist. sect. 11. t. 5. f. 1.— Petiv. herb. brit. t. 32. f. 6. 
Very like S. densiflora, but differs in the more slender stems, 
longer petioles, remote smaller leaves, the more starved spike, 
&c. Corolla purple or white. Betony was formerly much used 
in medicine, but it is discarded from present practice. When 
fresh it intoxicates. The leaves and flowers, according to Lewis, 
have a herbaceous, roughish, and somewhat bitterish taste, with 
a weak aromatic flavour. An infusion of them or light decoc- 
tion may be drunk as tea. The roots are bitter and very nau- 
seous ; in small doses they act as an emetic and aperient. The 
plant dyes wool of a fine dark yellow colour. 
Var. B, major (Benth. lab. p. 532.) spike elongated and 
thicker, and the habit more like that of S. densiflora, but the 
superior leaves are lanceolate, not ovate. .2/. H. This is the 
garden variety. 
Betony, Common. Fl. July, Sept. Britain. Pl. 1 to 11 foot. 
4 S. LoxNGIròLIA (Benth. lab. p. 533.) erect, villous ; leaves 
petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, crenated, deeply cordate at 
the base: lower floral leaves similar to the rest, sessile : upper 
floral ones bractea-formed, and are, as well as the bracteas, ovate- 
lanceolate, acuminated, shorter than the calyxes ; whorls many- 
flowered : lower ones remote: upper ones approximate into a 
cylindrical spike; corolla twice as long as the calyx, which 
is tubular. 2.H. Native of Caucasus. Betónica orientalis, 
Lin. spec. p. 811. Lam. ill t. 507. f. 2.2 Leaves 4-6 
inches long, and $ but scarcely 1 inch broad, deeply and hastately 
cordate at the base. Spike loosish, 1 foot long, interrupted at 
the base. Corollas reddish, purple ; tube exannulate inside. 
Long-leaved Betony. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1737. Pl. 1 to 
2 feet. 
5 S. GRANDIFLORA (Benth. lab. p. 533.) erect, villous; leaves 
petiolate, broad-ovate, obtuse, crenated, broadly cordate at the 
base: floral leaves sessile, stem-clasping, almost similar to the 
rest, gradually becoming smaller as they ascend, till the upper 
ones become almost bractea-formed ; whorls many-flowered, dis- 
tinct: tue lower ones remote; bracteas ovate-lanceolate, acute, 
longer than the calyxes; corolla about 3 times as long as the 
calyx, which is tubularly campanulate: throat dilated. 0. H. 
Native of Siberia, at the river Terek ; also of Caucasus.  Betó- 
nica grandiflora, Willd. spec. 3. p. 96. Curt. bot. mag. t. 700. 
Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 8. p. 6. t. 715.  Betónica orientalis, Tbuil. 
fl. par. p. 293. but not of Lin. Whorls 10-20-flowered. Corolla 
violaceous, 12-14 lines long, glabrous; tube exannulate inside. 
Great.flomered Betony. Fl. June, July. Clt: 1803. Pl.1 
foot. 
6 S. pr'scoron (Benth. lab. p. 533.) ascending, villous ; leaves 
petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, deeply crenated, wrinkled above and 
hairy, but clothed with white wool beneath: lower floral leaves 
similar to the rest, sessile: upper floral leaves bractea-formed, 
lanceolate, equalling the calyxes ; whorls many-flowered, rather 
distinct, few; corolla more than twice as long as the calyx, which 
is tubularly campanulate: throat dilated. X.H. Native of 
Eastern Caucasus, in stony places.  Betónica nivea, Stev. in 
mem. soc. mat. car. mosq. 3. p. 266. Betónica macrotira, Otto. ? 
This is a very elegant species, of the size, and with the flowers 
of S. grandiflora. Leaves form of those of S. hirsüta, green 
above. Calyx woolly. Corollas large. 
Var. a, rósea; flowers rose-coloured. 2. H. 
Var. B, ochroleüca ; flowers cream-coloured. 2. H. 
T'wo-coloured-leaved Betony. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1890. 
Pl. 1 to 14 foot. 
LABIATZE. LXXXI. Sracuts. 
Secr. II. Ertostacuys (from eptor, erion, wool, and orayue, 
stachys, a spike; spikes woolly.) Benth. lab. p. 534. Eriós- 
tachys species. Rchb. fl, germ. exc. p. 319. — Erióstomum, 
Hoffm. et Link, fl. port. Perennial or biennial herbs, clothed 
with soft villi or wool. Whorls many-flowered. Outer bracteas 
alone equalling the calyxes or hardly shorter than them. 
7 S. Hrna'crrA (All. ped. 1. p. 31. t. 84. f. 1.) erect, woolly 
from very long hairs ; leaves petiolate, oblong, obtuse, crenated, 
subcordate at the base: floral leaves very broadly ovate, quite 
entire, and broadly cordate at the base, scarcely exceeding the 
calyxes; whorls many-flowered, distinct ; bracteas ovate or ob- 
long: outer ones equalling the calyxes ; calyx woolly, with 
ovate, very acute subspinose teeth. %. H. Native of Europe, 
in the region of the Mediterranean, in dry uncultivated places ; 
as of Spain, Eastern Pyrenees, France about Rhodes, Provence, 
Piedmont, Italy, Sicily, &c. Sideritis Heráclea, Col. ecphr. 1. t. 
131. ex Allion. S. intermèdia, Tenore, fl. nap. p. 34. ex. D. C, 
but not of Ait. S. barbàta, Lapeyr, abr. p. 336. S. phlomoides, 
Willd. enum. suppl. p. 41.  Betónica Heráclea, Lin. syst. 535. 
mant. p. 83. Stems many, from a thick perennial base. Cauline 
leaves 2-5 inches long, and hardly 1 inch broad.  Racemes sim- 
ple. Corolla twice as long as the calyx, purple, form of that of 
S. Germánica. 
Var. ), lütea (Benth. lab. p. 534.) flowers yellow. %. H. 
Native of Croatia, Dalmatia, and near Constantinople. S. obliqua, 
Waldst. et Kit. hung. 2. p. 142. t. 134. S. Crética, Forsk. fl. 
const. p. 28. but not of Lin. S. orientalis, Vahl. symb. 2. p. 64. 
Sibth, et Smith, fl. graec. 6. p. 48. t. 134. This only differs 
from the species in the colour of the flowers. 
Heraclean Hedge Nettle. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1816. 
foot. 
8 S. moxui'ssrma (Willd. hort. berol. 60. t. 60.) humble, erect, 
clothed with soft villi; leaves petiolate, broad-ovate, crenated. 
cordate at the base, wrinkled, greenish on both surfaces, very 
villous ; whorls many-flowéred ; bracteas linear, equalling the 
calyxes ; calyx campanulate, villous, with acute, rather spinose 
teeth ; corolla pubescent outside, half again as long as the 
Pla 
calyx. 24. H. Native of Spain, and of the Island of Corfu. 
Leaves like those of S. alpina, but smaller. Corollas pale pur- 
ple. ? 
Very soft Hedge Nettle. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1806. Pl. 3 
to 3 foot. 
9 S. pu'mina (Russ. nat. hist. alep. 2. p. 255. t. 10.) peren- 
nial or suffruticose, humble; leaves almost radical, petiolate, 
ovate, obtuse, cordate at the base, wrinkled, clothed with hoary 
tomentum on both surfaces ; whorls few, many-flowered ; outer 
bracteas about equal in length to the calyxes; calyx nearly gla- 
brous, with lanceolate-subulate teeth, which are about equal in 
length to the tube. Y. or h. F. Native of Syria, near Aleppo, 
Russell. Stems rising from a short woody base. Radical leaves 
almost like those of Sálvia pomífera. Floriferous branches 8-4 
inches high, bearing 2-4 whorls. Floral leaves roundish, wrin- 
kled. Whorls 15-20-flowered. 
Dwarf Hedge Nettle. Pl. 1 to 1 foot. ; 
10 S. Swarnsonu (Benth. lab. p. 535.) herbaceous, ? pilosely 
woolly, procumbent at the base, much branched ; leaves petio- 
late, ovate, obtuse, crenated, rounded at the base, wrinkled, very 
soft; whorls 2-10-flowered ; bracteas one half shorter than the 
calyxes, rarely minute; calyx campanulate, villous, with lanceo- 
late, very acute, rather spinose teeth ; corolla twice as long as 
the calyx. %.? H. Native of Greece, on Mount Parnassus, 
Swainson ; Ithaca, P. B. Webb. Pràsium hirsütum, Poir. dict. 5. 
p. 611. This species is allied to sect. Ziet2nia. Leaves about 
2 an inch long. Racemes dense. Corolla villous outside. Ring 
of tube rather oblique. 
Swainson’ s Hedge Nettle. Pl. 3 foot. 
