842 
12 M. canpip1’ssimum (Lin. spec. p. 816.) branches elongated, 
a little branched, clothed with white wool; leaves ovate, cre- 
nated, clothed with soft white villi or white wool; whorls large, 
many-flowered ; calyx clothed with white villi or wool, usually 
with 5 subulate stiff spreading teeth; galea of corolla oblong, 
bifid at apex. 24. H. Native of the South of Europe; as of 
Spain, South of France, ltaly, Dalmatia, Carinthia, Persia, 
&c. M. peregrinum, Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 4. p. 10. t. 312, 
but not of Lin. M. catariæfòlium, Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 4. p. 
10. t. 818, but not of Desr. M. setàceum, Desr. in Lam. dict. 
8. p. 717. ?* M. incànum, Desr: in Lam. dict. 3. p. 716. M, 
uncinàtum, Horn. hort. hafn. p. 968.? M. flexuósum, Meench, 
meth. p. 399.? M. odoratíssimum, Pourr. ex Steud. nom. bot. 
p. 510.— Dill. elth. 218. t. 174. f. 214. Stems procumbent at 
the base and ascending at apex. Whorls remote, 20-50-flowered. 
Corollas whitish. 
Very white Horehound. Fl. July, Sept. 
to 2 feet. 
13 M. suprnum (Lin. spec. p. 816.) branches clothed with 
white wool; leaves ovate-roundish, clothed with soft villi, green- 
ish, or clothed with white wool beneath, crenated, bullately wrin- 
kled ; whorls many-flowered ; calyx villous, with 5-10-subulate 
stiff, erect, or at length spreading teeth ; galea of corolla oblong, 
bifid at apex. X.H. Native of the South of Europe. ? —Bocc. 
mus. 2. p. 78. t. 69.— Barrel. icon. 685. ? Intermediate between 
M. candidissimum and M. vulgare, having the flowers of the first 
and the leaves of the latter. Perhaps a garden hybrid. 
Trailing Horehound. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1714. Pl. trailing. 
14 M. rrnzenrNUM (Lin. spec. p. 815.) dwarf, divaricately 
branched ; leaves oblong, clothed with hoary tomentum ; whorls 
few- flowered ; calyx tomentose, with 5 lanceolate-subulate erect 
or scarcely spreading teeth ; galea of corolla oblong, bifid. 2%. 
H. Native of Europe and Middle Asia; as of Germany, Aus- 
tria, Transylvania, Grecian Islands, Syria, Tauria, &c. Jacq. 
austr. t. 160. M. Créticum, Mill. dict. no. 3. Rchb. icon. bot. 
eur. 3. p. 74. t. 288. M. pauciflórum, Wallr. sched. crit. p. 295. 
M. angustifdlium, Moench, ex Steud. nom. p. 910.— Dill. elth. 
219. t. 174. f. 215.—Mor. hist. t. 9. f. 8. Plant clothed with 
short, hoary tomentum. Whorls 4-6 rarely 10-flowered. Corollas 
whitish. : 
Foreign Horehound. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1640. Pl. 1 to 
14 foot. 
15 M. Pannonicum (Clus. ex Rchb. fl. germ. exc. p. 325.) 
branches divaricately branched ; leaves ovate or oblong, clothed 
with hoary tomentum or soft villi; floral leaves all twice as long 
as the flowers ; whorls many-flowered, all distant ; calyx clothed 
with hoary tomentum, with 6-10 subulate teeth which at length 
spread; galea of corolla oblong, bifid at apex. %. H. Native 
of Germany, near Halle, Hungary, Moravia, Austria, and Tran- 
sylvania. M. paniculàtum, Desr. in. Lam. dict. 3. p. 716.? 
Rchb. icon. bot. eur. 3. p. 86. t. 300. M. peregrinum, Spreng. 
fl. hal. t. 6. but not of Lin. M. remótum, Kit. in Schultes, 
cstr. fl. 2. p. 161. M. rübrum, Roth, nov. spec. p. 259. 
Whorls distant, 12-15-flowered. Corolla of M. peregrinum. 
Allied to M. peregrinum and M. vulgàre. 
Pannonian Horehound. Pl. 1 to 11 foot. 
16 M. rapia‘tum (Delile, mss. ex Benth. lab. p. 591.) 
branches divaricate, a little branched, clothed with hoary tomen- 
tum ; leaves ovate or oblong, clothed with hoary tomentum or 
soft villi: upper floral leaves scarcely exceeding the calyxes; 
whorls many-flowered, rather loose: upper ones approximate ; 
calyx small, tomentose, with 6-10 elongated subulate straicht 
stellately spreading subspinescent teeth. 21. H. Native of the 
region of the Mediterranean. Allied to M. Pannónicum, but the 
leaves and calyxes are smaller, &c. 
Radiate-calyxed Horehound. Pl. 1 to 11 foot? 
CIC 21782 PIS 
LABIATZE. LXXXVI. Marrusium. 
LXXXVII. Barrora. 
17 M. cunza‘rum (Russ. nat. hist. alepp. 2. p. 255.) stem 
clothed with white tomentum at the base and pubescence at top; 
leaves ovate-cuneated, much wrinkled, green above and canescent 
beneath: floral leaves small, scarcely exceeding the calyxes; 
calyx small, tomentose, with 10 short somewhat recurvedly 
spreading mutic teeth, %. H. Native of Syria, near Aleppo, 
and between Bagdad and Kermancha. Stems more slender than 
in other species. Whorls numerous, lower ones remote, upper 
ones approximate. Corollas small, white. 
Cuneate-leaved Horehound. PI. 1 foot. 
18 M. vurca' RE (Lin. spec. p. 816.) branches clothed with 
white wool; leaves ovate or roundish, clothed with soft villi, 
greenish or clothed with white wool beneath, crenated ; whorls 
many-flowered ; calyx clothed with woolly villi: teeth 10, re- 
curvedly spreading; galea of corolla oblong, bifid at apex. y. 
H. Native throughout Europe and Middle Asia, among rubbish 
and by way-sides ; plentiful in some parts of Britain, but pro- 
bably not indigenous. Woodv. med. bot. 265. t. 97. Smith, 
engl. bot. t. 410.—Sabb. hort. rom. 3. t. 59. Fl. dan. 1086. 
M. hamàtum, H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 2. p. 810. M. 
Germanicum, Schranck ex Steud. nom. p. 510. Stems ascend- 
ing, rarely decumbent. Whorls distant, 20-50-flowered. Co- 
rollas small, white. This, the common horehound, has a strong 
penetrating smell, not altogether unpleasant. It was a favourite 
medicine in obstructions of the viscera. In large doses it proves 
aperient. Bees much frequent the flowers. 
Var. B, lanatum (Benth. lab. p. 591.) leaves densely clothed 
with white wool. 2. H. Native of Naples. M. A'pulum, 
Tenore, fl. nap. t. 154. syll. p. 292. 
Common Horehound. Fl. June, Sept. Britain. Pl. 14 to 2 
feet. 
t Species not sufficiently known. 
19 M. crrcinna‘rum (Desr. in Lam. dict. 3. p. 717.) leaves 
cireinnate, crenated, much wrinkled; calycine teeth subulate, 
erect, villous. 2t. H. Native of the Levant. Stems tomen- 
tose. Leaves clothed with shining soft tomentum. Flowers 
white. Calyx tubular, tomentose. Tube of corolla exceeding 
the tube of the calyx ; upper lip deeply bifid. 
Circinnate-leaved Horehound. PI. ? 
20 M. rAnvirLORUM (Fisch. et Meyer, ind. sem. hort. petrop. 
1835. p. 33.) leaves pubescent, wrinkled, ovate-oblong, crenated, 
clothed with white tomentum beneath, as well as the base of the 
erect branched stems; bracteas setaceous, equalling the calyxes; 
calycine teeth 10, setaceous, mucronate, straight, spreading much, 
rather shorter than the tube; corolla scarcely exceeding the 
calyx. 2/4. H. Native of Caucasus, on the Talusch mountains 
M. peregrinum, Meyer, verz. pflanz. no. 820. This differs from 
M. peregrinum of Lin. in not being silky, and in the calycine 
teeth being 10. Corolla white ; galea bifid. 
Small-flowered Horehound. Pl. 1 to 13 foot. p 
21 M. prorr'nauum (Fisch. et Meyer, l. c.) clothed with 
canescent villi; stem branched, erectish ; leaves wrinkled, petio- 
late, coarsely crenated : lower leaves almost orbicular : middle 
ones obovate: upper ones cuneated ; bracteas setaceous, rather 
shorter than the calyxes; calycine teeth villous, setaceous, mU- 
cronate, spreading much, straight, not half so long as the tube; 
tube of corolla exserted ; galea short. 2%. H. Native of Cau- 
casus, on the Talusch mountains. Allied to M. leonurotdes. 
Flowers violaceous. 
Allied Horehound. Pl. 1 to 2 feet.? 
Cult. All the species of Marrübium grow freely in any com- 
ids garden soil, and are readily increased by division and PY 
seed. 
LXXXVII. BALLOTA (BaXXwrn, ballote, the Greek name 
