Gardenia. } LXX, RUBIACEEZ (HIERN). 101 
or fibrous. Seeds numerous, taking 2 or 3 years to ripen; placentas 
4-6.—Linn. f. Suppl. Sp. Pl. p. 162 (1781); Bot. Mag. t. 1004. 
Bergkias, Sonnerat, Voy. N. Guin. p. 47, tt.17, 18 (1776). Thunbergia 
capensis, Montin in Act. Holmiens. 1773, p. 289, t. 11. G. verticillata, 
Lam. Encycl. ii. p. 607 (1786). Caquepiria Bergkia, Gmelin Syst. 
p- 651 (1791). G. speciosa, Salish. ‘Prod. Stirp. Hort. Chap. Allert. 
p. 63 (1796). G. crassicaulis, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 46 (1806). 
Piringa, A. L. de Juss. in Mém. Mus. Par. vi. p. 399 (1820). 
G. ternifolia, Schum. et Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. p. 147, ex descript. 
G. medicinalis, Vahl in Schum. Beskr. Guin. Pl. p. 148 (1827) ex 
descript. @. lutea, Fresen. in Mus. Senckenb. ii. p. 167 (1837). 
G. Tinnee, Kotschy et Heuglin in Bot. Zeit. 1865, p. 173, t. 8; 
Kotschy et Peyr. Pl. Tinn. p. 34, t. 16, A, B. Cfr. G. triacantha, DC. 
Prod. iy. p. 382; Perr. et Lepr. ex A. Rich. in Mem. Soe. Hist. Nat. 
Par. V. p. 117 (1834). 
Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Roger! Whitfield! Lepriewr and Perrottet 
abl Sierra Leone, Afzelius! Niger, Nupe, Barter! Guinea, Thonning Yomba, 
! 
Worth Central. Bornu, EZ. Vogel ! 
Wile Land. Abyssinia, Riippell, Schimper ! Q. Dillon and Petit! Ferret and 
Galinier Sennaar, Kotschy! Gallabat, Schweinfurth! White Nile, Petherick! Bongo, 
Tinne and Heuglin Madi (medicinal), Speke and Grant! Mittu-land, Djur-land, 
and Niamniam-land, Schweinfurth ! 
Lower Guinea. Angola, Golungo Alto, Welwitsch ! (fruit in the Kew Museum); 
Congo, Chr. Smith / 
South Central. Lake Ngami, McCabe! Chapman and Baines! . 
Mozamb. Distr. Lake Shirwa, Meller’ Moramballa and Manganja Hills, 
Waller ! (fruit food of elephants); Zanguebar, Kirk / 
Oceurs also south of the tropic. ee 
A very variable plant, but apparently incapable of satisfactory division into 
Species ; none of our forms accord exactly with the typical Cape forms, which have 
‘pathulate subpetiolate calyx-lobes, but Cape forms occur with calyces like ours. 
The Indian species, G. gummifera, Linn. f., appears to be different, but is ex- 
Ceedingly close and is difficult to separate by good characters ; the veins of the leaves 
are, however, opaque. 
A fruit 2} by 2 in., subterete, rather rough, with about 6 placentas, collected by 
mi Irk, in grassy plains near Lake Shirwa, may belong to this species; it grows 
ee to the ground and has a short woody creeping stem, or often scarcely any, being 
the surface of the ground ; the leaves are lanceolate. 
A specimen from the Gambia River collected by Whitfield in 1842 has some of 
a leaves red and others variegated with red veins, and the limb of the corolla is 
© smaller than usual in the species. 
2. @, Jovis-tonantis, Hiern. A small tree of 5-9 ft. high, 
Mberulous at. the extremities. Wood compact, heavy, very strong, 
nrable, y ellowish ; trunk 14-2 ft. diameter. Ramifications ternate. 
8 beternate, oval or obovate, obtuse, wedge-shaped at the base, 
ee ssile, thinly coriaceous, shining above, glabrous except little hairy 
“Pressions in the axils of the 8-10 pairs of lateral veins beneath, 
ints up to 8 by 44 in.; stipules short, rounded, connate at the base, 
‘ Petiolar. Flowers 14-3 in. long, aromatic, yellow, trumpet- 
ea » decamerous or 6-11-merous, terminal or terminating short 
ral branches, sessile or subsessile. Calyx-tube ovoid, rather ex- 
