132 LXX. RUBIACEH (HIERN). | Canthium. 
49. CANTHIUM, Lam. Encycl. Méth. i. p. 602 (1783).—( Plectronia, 
DC. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. p. 110; non Linn! nec Lour.) 
Calyx-tube short, turbinate campanulate or hemispherical; limb 
short, 4-5-toothed or -cleft or subtruncate, deciduous. Corolla cor1- 
aceous; tube rather short, exceeding the calyx, glabrous outside, 
hairy with a ring of deflexed pilose hairs or rarely glabrous inside; 
throat rather constricted or dilated, often bearded; lobes 4-5 rarely 6, 
ovate or lanceolate, reflexed, usually glabrous, valvate in sstivation 
(towards the apex sometimes induplicate-valvate). Stamens 4-0 
rarely 6, exserted, inserted at the mouth of the corolla; filaments 
short; anthers ovate or oval or lanceolate, acute or obtuse, usually 
subsagittate at the base, usually glabrous, fixed at the back. Ovary 
2-celled, fleshy ; style flexuous, filiform or robust, exserted or equalling 
the corolla, usually glabrous ; stigma capitate, calyptriform or mitre- 
shaped, sometimes bifid at the tip, often sulcate ; ovules solitary, pen- 
dulous, anatropous. Fruit drupaceous, didymous or subdimidiate ee 
globose, 2-celled or by abortion 1-celled ; pyrenes 2-1, sometimes sub- 
rugose. Seeds pendulous, solitary, nearly straight or curved, sometimes 
bent into the form of a horse-shoe round the placenta; testa mem- 
branous ; albumen fleshy, sometimes ruminated ; embryo terete, nearly 
straight or curved, axile; cotyledons short ; radicle superior.—Shrabs 
or trees, sometimes scandent, occasionally spinous, with opposite leaves 
and branches, acuminate stipules from a broad base, and axillary 
flowers crowded in short panicles or fascicles. 
A rather large genus widely spread over the tropical regions of tthe Old World, 
the Cape of Good Hope and Australia. 
Corolla glabrous or sparingly setose outside. Flowers 
5-4-merous, 
Peduncles fasciculate or pedicels in simple umbels or 
two or more racemeson a common peduncle. Spinous 
orunarmed. Flowers 5-merous. Disk glabrous. 
Spinous. 
Spines 5-} in. long. Leaves about 1 in. long. 
Flowers 3 in. long. . be ew ee 
Spines 1 in. long. Leaves 2-3 in. long. Flowers 
3-2 in. long. wel 6 we 8 ew 
Unarmed. 
Corolla-lobes setose outside. Leaves more or less 
hispid. 2. en 
Corolla-lobes glabrous. Leaves glabrous or pu- 
berulous. 
Common peduncles very short or obsolete. 
Branches erect-patent. 
Leaves quite glabrous, more or less lucid. 
Fruit obovoid, somewhat narrowed to 
wards the base. 
1. C.glaucum. 
2. C. Thonningii. 
3. C. setiflorum. 
Leaves coriaceous . . . . . . . 4, CO nitens. 
Leaves chartaceous. . . . . . . 6&6. neglectum. 
Fruit globose or didymous, rounded or . 
hollowed at the base . , . 6. C. Schimperianum. 
Leaves puberulous, not or scarcely shining 7. Vatkeanum. 
Branches patent 
