248 LXXI, VALERIANEZ (HIERN). 
Orver LXXI. VALERIANEZ. (By W. P. Hiern.) 
Flowers hermaphrodite or occasionally unisexual. _ Calyx-tube ad- 
nate to the ovary ; limb persistent and membranous or coriaceous or 
deciduous and resembling feathery pappus, equal or unequal. Corolla 
gamopetalous, tubular, inserted on an epigynous disk, regular or 
irregular, sometimes calcarate at the base; lobes 3-5, usually 5, ob- 
tuse, imbricated (cochlear) in wstivation. Stamens 1-4, usually 3-4, 
the posterior one and often one of the lateral ones wanting, inserted 
on the tube of the corolla, alternating with its lobes ; filaments sepa- 
rate, incurved in bud, exserted in flower. Anthers introrse, 2-celled, 
incumbent, longitudinally dehiscing. Ovary inferior, 3-celled ; two 
cells empty and often smaller than the third fertile one; ovule soli- 
tary, pendulous from the apex of the cell, anatropous; style simple, 
filiform; stigmas 2-3, free or connate. Fruit indehiscent, dry, 
1-3-celled, 1-seeded ; seed pendulous, exalbuminous ; embryo straight, 
radicle superior, short, cotyledons oblong, rather thick.—Herbs, 
usually annual. Leaves opposite, entire dentate or pinnatifid, exsti- 
pulate, radical ones often rosulate. Flowers bracteate, but little tend- 
ing to be capitate. 
An Order of moderate size, widely scattered and chiefly occurring in temperate 
climates. 
1. VALERIANELLA, Haller; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. il. 
p. 156. 
Calyx-limb persistent, in the flowering stage not involute, often 
accrescent, dentate or entire, membranous or coriaceous, sometimes 
obsolete. Corolla funnel-shaped, slender, usually with a short tube a 
a slight gibbosity at the base; limb subequal, 5-lobed. Stamens » 
inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube. Stigma 3-fid.—Annno * 
dichotomously divided. Leaves entire or the upper ones often toothee 
or incise-pinnatifid. Flowers sessile, solitary, at the apex of t 
branches crowded in subfastigiate or subglobose bracteate cymes. 
: . . . : ide 
A genus of several species, chiefly occurring in cultivated ground, with a Ww? 
distribution especially over the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. 
1. V. dentata, Pollich, Hist. Pl. i. p. 30 (1776) Hrecs : 
spreading, subsimple, or dichotomously and divaricately brane : ss 
14-7 in. high. Leaves spathulate-oblong, obtuse, sessile, quite . . 
or the uppermost dentate at the base, often somewhat ciliate at the et 
otherwise glabrous, }-14 in. long by 3,4 in. wide, the upperm ‘ 
ones bractiform, linear, smaller. Fruit ovoid, hispid or sometimes, 
length glabrous ; barren cells not,contiguous, appearing a8 linear ‘are 
on the face of the fruit. Calyx-limb obscure, oblique, obtuse, ©? 
(in Tropical African specimens), ovate, elliptical.—DC. Prodr. re F 
627.—V. abyssinica, Fresen. in Mus. Senckenb. ii. p. 116 (1887) 4) 
mierocarpa, Lois.; Krok, Monogr. Valerian., i. p. 36, t. i. f. 3 (1804) 
