252 XXII, DIPSACEEZ (HIERN). [ Scabiosa. 
pedunculate, depresso-globose, involucrate. Common receptacle pale- 
aceous or hairy. Involucel cylindrical, truncate. 
A genus of numerous species growing chiefly in Europe, Central Asia and South 
Africa. 
Calyx-limb setose. 
Corolla 5-lobed. Leaves dentate or pinnate-lobed . . . 1. S, Columbaria. 
Corolla 4-lobed. Leavesentire . .. .. ..- + ~- 2 8S, succisa, 
Calyx-limb pappose-plumose (Pterocephalus) . . . - . . 3S, Srutescens. 
1. S. Columbaria, Linn.; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 658. Erect or 
ascending perennial herb, 1-24 ft. high; root-stock not premorse ; 
branched especially below ; slightly pubescent stem and branches sub- 
terete, leafy below. Leaves just connate at the base, the upper ones 
ovate, generally deeply pinnatifid, 1-3 in. long, acute, lobes narrow, 
sessile, the lower ones oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, narrowed at 
the base into the petiole, dentate or sublyrate, pinnatifid, 2-3 in. long. 
Heads subhemispherical, 3-1} in. in diameter, on peduncles 4-16 in. 
long, in a few-headed cyme. Involucral scales uniseriate, about 10, 
linear, subacute, hairy, 31 in. long. Scales of the receptacle pubes- 
cent, linear, much shorter than the involucral scales. Involucel with 
a membranous limb. Calyx-lobes setaceous. Corolla 5-lobed, pubes- 
cent outside, lobes unequal, in the outer flowers radiant. 
Nile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper! Q. Dillon and Petit! 
Lower Guinea. Huilla, Welwitsch! 
Widely scattered over Europe and the Fast. 
A poor specimen, collected by T. Baines in the South African Gold-fields, appe@t 
to belong to this species. 
2. S. succisa, Linn.; DC. Prodr. iv. p. 660. Erect, herbaceous, 
perennial, about 1 ft. high ; root-stock premorse ; stem subterete, more or 
less pilose with deflexed hairs, leafy at the base. Leaves connate 4” 
sheathing at the base, entire or subentire, more or less pilose wit 
ascending hairs, the uppermost ones lanceolate, about 1 in. long, 
acute, sessile, the lower and radical ones oval or oblong, obtuse OF 
subobtuse, narrowed at the base into the alate clasping petiole, 2-6 im. 
long by 3-1 in. wide. Heads subglobose, 2 in. in diameter, 0? pe- 
duncles 2-4 in. long or more, with ascending hairs, arranged in @ few- 
headed dichotomous cyme. JInvolucral scales pluriseriate, linear- 
lanceolate, pilose, the inner ones shorter and falling short of the 
flowers. Scales of the receptacle hairy at the top, shorter than the 
flowers. Involucel thickly pilose, terminated by 4 ovate acute teet». 
Calyx-lobes filiform-subulate, barbate. Corolla funnel-shaped, 4-lobed, 
pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Ovary glabrous except the base- 
Upper Guinea. Cameroon Mountains, 10,500 ft. alt., Mann! 
Widely distributed over the temperate regions of the Old World. 
3. S. frutescens, Hiern. Cmspitose and fruticose at the on 
procumbent or ascending, 4-2 ft. high, perennial ; branches teret® 
glabrous or above puberulous or clothed with short white curv ‘. 
hairs. Leaves linear or somewhat lanceolate, acute, narrow® wil 
sessile or quasi-petiolate base, glabrate or with short white © 
