LXXIII, COMPOSITE (OLIVER AND HIERN). 259 
higher, the outer row sometimes calyculate. Receptacle naked or 
foveolate or fimbrillate. Corolla of the disk-florets tubular, regular, 
shortly 4—5-cleft. Anthers appendaged at the apex, usually sagittate 
but not tailed at the base. Style-branches of the hermaphrodite florets 
usually penicillate, truncate or appendaged, rarely tapering into long 
puberulous extremities. Pappus setose or rarely wanting.—Herbs 
shrubs or trees with alternate leaves and disk-florets usually yellow. 
Involucral bracts in many rows, the outer ones suc- 
cessively shorter (Subtribe Liabe@) . . . . . . 78. GonNGROTHAMNUS. 
Involucral bracts in 1-2 rows, subequal, sometimes 
with an outer calyculate row. 
Involueral bracts free or soon becoming so (Subtribe 
Eusenecionce). ; 
Style-branches ending in long subulate puberulous 
extremities. . 2... 1. 1. 1 wwe «79, Gynura, 
Style-branches truncate or shortly penicillate. 
Achenes, at least those of the ray-florets, dorsally 
compressed, usually broad. . . . . . . 80. Crneraria, 
Achenes 5-10-ribbed or 6-angled, not dorsally 
compressed or not much so. 
Involucre not calyculate. Capitula discoid. 
Style-branches with an appendix. . . . . 81. Emmnta. 
Style-branches ending in a continuous ovate 
or lanceolate papillose extremity . . . 82. Noronta. 
Involucre calyculate or capitula radiate (except 
S.emilioides) . . . . . +. » « . 88, Senncto. 
Involucral bracts connate into a eup at the base or 
higher (Subtribe Othonnee). 
Florets of the disk all or mostly fertile ; style bifid. 
Low tufted acaulescent herb . . + . « « » 84. WERNERIA. 
Procumbent branched undershrub. . . . . . 86. Euryops. 
Florets of the disk sterile; style undivided . . . 86, OTHUNNA. 
Trine IX. Calendulew. Capitula heterogamons, radiate ; florets 
of the ray female, fertile, in 1-2 rows; florets of the disk hermaph- 
rodite, barren. Involucral bracts narrow, in 1-2 rows, herbaceous or 
membranous, usually scarious on the margins, Receptacle naked. 
Corollas of the ray-florets ligulate, entire or 3-dentate at the tip; co- 
rollas of the disk-florets regular, tubular, shortly 5-cleft. Anthers 
Sagittate with mucronate auricles or subentire and obtuse. Style of 
the hermaphrodite florets undivided and rounded at the apex or with 
2 short flattened truncate branches ; style of the female florets biden- 
tate or undivided. Achenes of the ray-florets large, winged or sub- 
terete ; those of the disk’ effete. Pappus 0.—Herbsor shrubs with 
alternate or occasionally opposite leaves and yellow or purple flowers. 
Achenes 3-winged . 2... . . . +. « ~ 87, TRIPTERIS. 
Achenes subterete, not winged . . . . . . . * * 88, OSTEOSPERMUM. 
Trine X. Arctotides. Capitula heterogamous radiate or rarely 
omogamous by deficiency of the ray-florets; ray-florets female or 
neuter; disk-florets hermaphrodite, fertile or the innermost ones 
sterile. Involucral bracts in many rows, imbricated, broadly scarious 
or very acute or spinous at the apex. Corollas of the ray ligulate ; 
Corollas of the disk tubular, regular. Anther-base entire or sagittate ; 
82 
