268 LXXUL. COMPOSITE (OLIVER AND HIERN). 
Leaves membranous, pale but not silvery-silky 
beneath. 
Involucral bracts very acute . 
Involucral bracts broader, not very acute . 
Leaves subcoriaceous, silvery-silky beneath. 
Upper surface of the leaves dark. 
Leaves lanceolate or ovate, acutely acuminate . 
Leaves narrowly elliptical, less acute; the lower 
ones obtuse 
Upper surface of the leaves silvery-silky 
Involucral bracts with recurved tips 
§ iii. Cyanopis. 
Pappus uniseriate (caducous) or sometimes with minute per- 
sistent coroniform outer row. 
Erect herb. Leaves ovate. Achenes oblong with outer 
minute persistent pappus_. 
Decumbent herb. Leaves oblong. Achenes linear- oblong. 
Pappus single . . 
Shrubby. Leaves ovate-lanceolate. Achenes subturinate, 
thickened above. Pappus single . . 
Erect herb. Leaves ovate. Achenes oblong- -ovoid. Pap- 
pus single. Involucral scales green with white 
menibranous margin see 
Pappus biseriate. 
Pappus rufous or tawny. 
Leaves tomentose beneath . 
Leaves glabrous or thinly pubescent beneath . 
Pappus white. 
Achenes pilose . 
Achenes setulose. 
Capitula unilateral 
Capitula not unilateral. 
Albido-sericeous , 
-feruginous. 
Involucral scales narrowly oblong subacute . 
Involucral scales linear acute 
Achenes glabrous . 
§ iv. 'XipHoxeris, 
Achenes glabrous. . 2... 2. 
Achenes hairy. 
Pappus triseriate . 
Pappus duplex. 
Perennial. Leaves linear 
Annual, Leaves wider 
§ v. DE&cANEURUM. 
Achenes glabrous or very nearly so. 
Pappus white. Leaves incise-dentate. . . . . 
Pappus ferruginous. Leaves subentire or sinuate . 
Achenes hairy. 
Pappus sub-uniseriate . 
Pappus 2- o-seriate. 
Sete of the pappus compressed 
Setee of the pappus terete. 
Acaulescent . . 
Stems several or branched. 
Bracts of the involucre acute mucronate or. “apicu- 
late, erect. 
. . ° . . . 
e . . » . . 
. 
. . . 
if. 
18. 
19, 
20. 
21. 
31. 
32. 
37. 
. Ww. plumbaginifolia. 
_ V. blumeoides. 
[ Vernoma. 
V. cinerea. 
V. undulata. 
V. Kraussit. 
V. Smithiana. 
V. natalensis. 
V. uncinata. 
. V. Leopoldi. 
. V. misera. 
. V. Moramballe. 
. V. marginata. 
_ V. zanzibarensis. 
. V. urticefolia. 
. V. Unionis. 
. V. Aschersonit. 
Vz karaguensis. 
V. Burton. 
. V. Benthamiana. 
. V. Melleri. 
V. fastigiata. 
. V. paucifiora. 
. Sv. pteropoda. 
V. senegalensis. 
. Vv. amygdalina. 
. V. guineensis. 
_ V. gerberanformis: 
