272 LXXIII. COMPOSITH (OLIVER AND HIERN). [ Vernonia. 
Pappus white, duplex, barbate, outer very short, narrowly squamiform, 
inner stout rigid setiform, caducous. 
Nile Land. Woods on dry ground, Madi (Vernonia No. 5, Speke, Journ. 
App. 637), Speke and Grant! 
6. VW. Perrottetii, Sch. Bip. in Walp. Rep. ii. 947. Annual, 
erect from a woody base, 14-2 ft. or more in height, usually copiously 
branched at least above, leafy ; stem terete striate pubescent or closely 
puberulous. Leaves alternate, ascending, narrow-linear, revolute more 
or less when dry, scabrid, 3-2 in. long. Capitula }—1 in. diameter, 
campanulate solitary, terminating the numerous ascending branches, 
forming a loose cymose panicle. Scales of involucre pluriseriate ap- 
pressed outer much shorter, lanceolate ; inner linear-lanceolate acute, 
loosely tomentose, pale, with greenish tips traversed by a prominent 
paler midrib. Receptacle convex alveolate glabrous. Corolla 
gradually narrowed, sessile-glandular, purple, limb unequally lobed. 
Anthers shortly sagittate at base, acute-tipped. Achenes with about 
8-9 (some obscure) hispid ridges and numerous sessile glands between 
them, callus-based. Pappus duplex, inner barbellate, outer narrow! 
squamiform, very short, dirty white——Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 
xxix. t. 56, fig. A.; Polydora stechadifolia, Fenzl in Flora, 1844, 312; 
V. stechadifolia, Sch. Bip. in Walp. Rep. vi. 98; Webbia serratuloides, 
DC. Prod. v. 72, fide Sch. Bip. in Schweinf. Fl. Aithiop. 162. 
Mae. Guinea. Niger, Barter! Dahomey, Burton! Gambia, Ingram! Whit- 
Mile Land. Sennaar, Kotschy! Cordofan, Cienkowsky ; Madi, Speke and Grant! 
(mixed with Hygrophila spinosa, T. And.; burnt salt is extracted from their ashes) ; 
Unyoro, Speke and Grant! Djur Land, Schweinfurth ! 
7. V. Bainesii, 0. § H. Herb of 1 ft. more or less; stems 
erect leafy, probably from a woody stock, conspicuously striate from 
the leaf-midribs, sparsely strigillose or glabrate ; simple below, branch- 
ing above. Leaves narrow-linear, acute, strongly revolute, glabrate, 
glandular-pitted with depressed median line above, midrib paler, CoD 
spicuous beneath, }-# in. long. Capitula campanulate } in. long am 
broad, singly terminating the erect upper leafy branches ; scales multi- 
seriate appressed obtuse muticous or mucronulate, with a subprom- 
nent midrib above, glabrate; outer and median scales elliptic-ovate 
to obovate, inner linear-oblong. | Achenes hispid, obscurely 1V- 
costaté. Pappus duplex, sordid, outer very short, narrow'y 
squamiform, inner often broadly setaceous barbellate. 
South Central? “South African Gold Fields,” 7. Baines! 
8. V. ambigua, Kotschy et Peyr. Pl. Tinn. 35, t. 17 B. Annual, 
erect 4-2 ft. Stem terete, striate loosely pilose-pubescent, leafy. 
Leaves alternate, oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, attenuate 
to a subauricled base, sessile, somewhat scabrous, thinly hairy ra 
puberulous, denticulate or subentire, membranous, varying to. # pe 
length, 3-1 in. broad. Capitula nearly hemispherical, }—} in. diameter, 
shortly pedicellate in terminal pilose or pubescent corymbose ¢y™ “es 
