276 LXXIII. COMPOSITE (OLIVER AND HIERN). [ Vernonia. 
slender, scarcely dilated above, reddish Anther-base shortly sagit- 
tate. Achenes subterete, ecostate, uniformly setulose with short white 
appressed hairs, with small basal callus. Pappus duplex, white, outer 
very short, inner barbellate, caducous.—Chrysocoma violacea, S. et T. 
Pl. Guin. 384, ex DC. 1. c. 
Widely spread in Tropical Africa, North and South of the Equator. 
17. V. undulata, 0. § H. Erect herb of 2 ft. or more. Stem 
striate, puberulous; branches at an acute angle, leafy. Leaves ovate, 
the upper ones lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, undulate, repand, 
apiculate, membranous, puberulous and green on both sides, shortly 
petiolate, 1-2 by }~3 in. Heads hemispherical or campanulate, ¢-3 in. 
diam., about 20-flowered, on pedicels of 4-1} in., bracteolate, in & 
rather lax corymbose cyme 6 in. diam.; bracteoles linear-setaceous 
minute. Inner involucral bracts equal, } in. long, linear-oblong, ob- 
tuse or apiculate but not acute, pubescent, about 12 in two rows, outer 
linear-setaceous short, few. Flowers rose-blue. Achenes 7/5 in. long, 
pilose, indistinctly costate. Pappus white, biseriate, all setiform, outer 
very short. 
Nile Land. Niamniam-land, near Gumba, Schweinfurth ! 
Lower Guinea. Angola, Quiballa to Bembe, Monteiro! (A form with larger 
broader leaves ranging up to 34 by 1} in.; involucral bracts elliptic-oblong, acutely 
acuminate; flowers purple. 3 feet high. Perhaps a distinct species.) 
18. V. Kraussii, Sch. Bip.; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 947. Stem simple 
erect 14-3 ft., clothed like the leaves beneath with silvery subappressed 
tomentum. Leaves alternate, ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acu- 
minate, base cuneate or rounded, upper surface glabrate or more 
thinly silky than the lower, which is strongly marked with oblique 
ascending lateral nervures, 3-2 in. long, }-3 in. broad ; petiole very 
short. Inflorescence and capitula nearly as in V. natalensis. Achenes 
silky-tomentose, hairs obscurely 5-seriate. Pappus duplex, setaceous, 
white; outer very short.—Webbia elwagnoides, DO, Prodr. v. 73. V. 
eleagnoides, Schultz Bip. in Flora 1844, p. 668, non H. B. K. 
South Central. Sent by Mr. Baines along with a number of specimens col- 
lected North of the Tropic in South Central Africa, without special label. It occurs 
also in Natal, the Macalisberg, &c. 
19. V. Smithiana,‘Less. in Linnea, 1831, p. 638 (e descr.), 
1-2 ft. high, woody at base, with several erect striate leafy silvery-P™ 
bescent subangular stems, simple or slightly branched above from 4 
woody stock. Leaves alternate, ascending, narrowly elliptic- oF 
lanceolate-oblong or varying to ovate-elliptical, subsessile, blunt oF 
subacute, narrowed at base, glabrescent and reticulate above, silvery- 
sericeous beneath, 1-2} in. long by }-2-1 in. wide. Capitula hem1- 
spherical, 4-} in. wide, about 15-flowered, on pedicels }-% in. long, im 
small rather dense terminal panicles. Scales of the involucre narrow’y 
elliptic-oblong, in few rows, obtuse, mucronulate, tomentose. Recep- 
tacle glabrous. Corolla-tube gradually narrowed ; lobes thinly pilose. 
Anther-base shortly produced. Achenes pilose, obscurely 8-10-co8- 
tate, callus-based. Pappus biseriate, outer sete minute, barbate, 
