288 LXXIII. COMPOSITE (OLIVER AND HIERN). | Vernonia. 
lucre, brown, the outer ones the shorter.—Linzia vernoniordes, 
Schultz Bip. in Hb. Schimp. Abyss. sect. i. n. 5 et iii. n. 1990. 
Nile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper! Pullen! Parkyns! Plowden! 
51. V. nigritiana, 0. § H. Stem erect, woody, 1-24 ft. high, 
simple or branched above; stem terete, slightly sulcate, scabrid. 
Leaves alternate, oblong or elliptic, subcoriaceous, very scabrous on 
both sides, acute or broadly pointed, cuneately narrowed at base into 
short petiole, rather distantly serrulate, 3-7 in. long by 1-3 in. wide, 
but the upper ones smaller, passing into bracts. Capitula 15-3 jn. 
diameter, many-flowered, on bracteate scabrid peduncles 4-24 in. long, 
arranged in few or several-headed terminal corymbs, rarely solitary. 
Scales of the involucre lax linear scabrid, in many rows, outer continu- 
ous with the upper bracts of the pedicel, inner elongate-linear, about 
twice exceeding the pappus, spreading, tips recurved linear-spathulate, 
crimson inside. Receptacle narrow, areolate, glabrous. Corolla 
gradually narrowed, glabrous. Anther-base shortly and acutely pro- 
duced. Achenes 10-nerved, densely hispid with erect sete. Pappus 
oo-seriate, scabrid, persistent, red-brown, rigid ; outer setse short, inner 
successively longer. 
Upper Guinea. Niger, Barter! Abbeokuta, Irving! 
52. V. filigera, 0. § H. Stem herbaceous, stout, erect, densely 
leafy, terete, striate, minutely ashen-tomentose. Leaves alternate, 
petiolate, membranous, ovate-oblong -elliptical or lanceolate, acute 
base narrowed into the petiole, unequally acutely dentate serrate, 
nearly glabrous above, paler and thinly tomentose or at length glabrate 
beneath, 3-6 in. long, 14-21 in. broad; petiole 1 in. or less, dilated at 
base. Capitula hemispherical, about } in. diameter, on short unequal 
pedicels, in corymbose terminal panicles 4 ft. wide more or less. Scales 
of involucre multiseriate, outer herbaceous, linear-subulate, inner 
oblong or lanceolate, all finely attenuate at apex, terminating in a long 
filiform tail, loose patent or inner at length recurved, pubescent-tomen- 
tose externally. Receptacle flat, areolate, glabrous. Corolla-tube 
slightly but distinctly dilated above. Anther.tips lanceolate, base 
shortly and obtusely produced. Achenes 10-ribbed, not setulose, with 
glandular-papillose intervals, callus-based. Pappus uniseriate bar- 
bellate tawny caducous.—V. hymenolepis, Vatke in Linnea Xxxik. P- 
477 (1875), non Rich. 
Nile Land. Abyssinia, 5-10 ft. high ; by banks of rivulets at Gaffat, alt. 
8100-8200 ft., 10th December, 1863, and Gondar, alt. 6800 ft., 6th November, 1863, 
Schimper ! , 
53. V. abyssinica, Sch. Bip. in Hb. Schimp. Abyss. sect. 1. 2- 
389. Stem erect, branched, terete, conspicuously striate, softly puberu- 
lous, early glabrate, 14-2 ft. high. Leaves alternate membranous, 
lanceolate or narrowly elliptical, acute at both ends, serrate, glabrous or 
glabrescent, varying up to 2 in. long, 3 in. broad, subsessile. Capitula 
campanulate, 4-} in. diameter, on pedicels varying to 1 in. in length, 
in terminal corymbose panicles. Scales of involucre pluriseriate oval- 
