298 LXXIIIl. COMPOSITH (OLIVER AND HIERN). [ Herderia. 
1. H. truncata, Cass.; DO. Prodr. v. p.13. Diffuse creeping or 
decumbent annual, not more than 1 ft. high, varying much in indu- 
mentum, pubescent hirsute or some specimens nearly glabrous, leafy. 
Leaves obovate or oblanceolate, rounded at apex, cuneately narrowed 
at base into short petiole, subentire or with a few teeth above, }-1}1n. 
long by 3-4 in. wide. Capitula terminal, solitary, hemispherical, many- 
flowered, } in. wide, with foliaceous bracts at base. Scales of involucre 
herbaceous ; outer oblanceolate or linear-spathulate, adnate below 
to inner which are confluent 4-2 their length and equal the 
fruit. Achenes glabrous, acutely 3—-4-gonous, narrowed below. Pappus 
squamiform; squame 8-12, blunt, ciliate, at length stellate-patent ; 
1-3 squame often elongated, setaceous, 2-3 times longer than the rest. 
Ampherephis senegalensis, Less. in Linnea, vi. 687. ; 
Upper Guinea. Senegal, Perottet ! Lelierre! Niger, Barter! (flowers crimson). 
2. H. stellulifera, Benth. Niger Fl. p. 425. Diffuse decumbent 
annual, 2 ft. high ; branches slender, striate, softly pubescent. Leaves 
ovate, acute or obtuse, abruptly narrowed into petiole, membranous, 
crenulate or subentire, pubescent beneath or subglabrous, gH mo. 
long by 3-1} in. wide; petiole 4 in. long or less. Capitula widely 
campanulate, about 20-flowered, 3-4 in. wide, on unequal slender pedi 
cels ranging up to 3 in. long, in loose corymbose cymes. Scales 0 
involucre pauciseriate, free, acutely apiculate, pubescent, scattered with 
sessile glands, inner linear, outer subulate ; receptacle flat, glabrous. 
Flowers violaceous. Anther-base rather obtuse. Achenes hispidulous, 
obscurely angled. Pappus minute, coroniform, ciliate or with 1-3 
setaceous squame. 
_ Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, G. Don! Afzelius ! Fernando Po, Vogel! Barter! 
Sierra del Crystal, Mann! Akele country, 200 miles up the Ogovi River, Dr. Nassau: 
Wile Land. Niamniam-land, Schweinfurth ! 
8. ELEPHANTOPUS, L. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 287. 
Capitula homogamons, 2-5-flowered, collected in ovoid or globose 
bracteate heads. Involucre oblong or narrowly ovoid, scales usually 
biseriate, outer shorter ; receptacle naked or alveolate. Corolla sub- 
regular or limb subpalmatifid 4—5-fid. Anther-base sagittate. Style- 
branches subulate, glabrate or minutely hairy. Achenes subterete oF 
subangular, narrowed at base, apex truncate, 10-costate or cost® 
obsolete ; pappus 1-2-seriate ; setee definite (5-6) or indefinite, subequal. 
—Erect somewhat rigid herbs, pubescent villous or setose. Leaves 
alternate, penniveined ; petiole sheathing at base. Capitula, in African 
species, in globose terminal bracteate heads, solitary or divaricately 
panicled, 
A small] genus, chiefly tropical American. £. scaber is the only species common aa 
the tropics of both hemispheres. E. senegalensis is peculiar to Upper Guinea. 
Heads }-3 in. diam., pedunculate in divaricate panicles, Pappus 
noe 5-6 setze ows 8 et, oe a eetee wes se 1. E. scaber. 
s 1-14 in. diam., sessile, overtopped by upper leaves. ; 
Pappus 2-seriate of o sete . . . . . . PP tw a Dh By senegalensss- 
