Bidens. ] LXXIII, COMPOSITE (OLIVER AND HIERN). 393 
compressed, obtusely quadrangular, tipped with 4-2 spreading re- 
trorsely barbed strong sete. Receptacle shortly alveolate.—DC. 
Prodr. v. p. 597, with synonymy; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 183, with 
synonymy; B. leucantha, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. p. 1719; DC. Le. 598, 
with synonymy; B. abortiva, Schum. et Thonn. Pl. Guin. p. 381; B. 
(Psilocarpea) abyssinica, Schultz Bip. in Walp. Rep. vi. p. 167. 
Upper Guinea. Thonning ; Accraand Sierra Leone, T. Vogel ! Afzelius! Fer- 
nando Po, Mann! Gaboon, Jardin. 
Mile Land. Abyssinia, Roth! Schimper! Quartin Dillon, Petit, Hildebrandt 
415 (B. abyssinicus) fide Vatke; Ethiopia, Kotschy! Gallabat, Schweinfurth! Bongo- 
land, Schwein furth ! Djur-land, Schweinfurth ! Karague, Speke and Grant! Soturba, 
Schweinfurth ? 
Lower Guinea. Congo, Burton! Angola, Monteiro! 
Mozamb. Distr. Zanzibar Island, Hildebrandt ! Mozambique, Peters! 
_ A common weed, probably of American origin, widely spread over most hot 
countries. 
2. B. quadriseta, Hochst. in Hb. Schimp. Abyss. n. 2181 (1854). 
An erect annual, 1-2 ft. high, scabrid-pilose especially on the upper 
parts. Branches tetragonal. Leaves pinnately lobed, ovate in out- 
line, 114 in. long, including the petiole which ranges up to 1} in.; 
lobes ovate or lanceolate, 1-2 by }-1} in., acute or acuminate, serrate, 
sometimes incisely so. Capitula the size of B. pilosa, and similarly 
arranged. Involucral bracts densely pilose-pubescent, }-3? in. long, 
linear, acute. Florets unknown. Achenes like those of B. pilosa, 
vanging up to nearly 1 in., tipped by 4-3 set.—B. abyssinica, Schultz 
Ip. var. quadriaristata, Hochst. ex Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aithiop. p. 
25 var. incisifolia, Hochst. l.c., n. 2324, has rather more deeply cut 
leaf-lobes ; alt. 4000 ft. 
Mile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper! alt. 1-7000 ft. 
This species may prove to be merely a more hairy state of B. pilosa, as indeed it 
has been considered by Schweinfurth. 
3. B. bipinnata, Linn. Sp. Pl., ed.i., p. 832. An erect glabrous 
or subglabrous annual of a few feet. Branches quadrangular. Leaves 
mostly bipinnately lobed, ovate in outline, 14-4 in. long or more; 
lobes ovate or oval or the terminal one lanceolate, incise-serrate, rang- 
ng upto 2 by ldin. Capitula }-4 in. diameter in flower, elongated 
and thicker upwards in fruit. Outer involucral bracts narrowly 
linear, glabrous or ciliate, 1} in. long; inner broader, lanceolate, 
Tous, coloured, rather exceeding the outer. Ligule of the ray- 
florets yellow or turning white according to Schultz. Achenes slender 
elongated and gradually tapering towards the apex, glabrous, those of 
the disk about 4-2 in. long, tipped by 4-3 spreading retrorsely barbed 
Seteo.— B. Kotschyr, Schultz Bip. in Walp. Rep. vi. p. 168. 
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, G. Don! Senegambia. 
and. Cordofan, Kotschy ! 
A common weed of hot countries. 
4. B. Schimperi, Schultz Bip. in Walp. Rep. vi. p. 168. A sub- 
Scabrous-puberulous sinninal, from 9 in. to pice! feet high. Branches 
quadrangular. Leaves 2-3-pinnatisect or tripartite with deeply trifid 
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