Centaurea. | LXXIII. COMPOSITH (OLIVER AND HIERN). 437 
80, striate-sulcate. Leaves linear-oval, acute, sessile, shortly bi-auricu- 
late at the broad base, distantly or obsoletely denticulate, 2-10 by 
3-2 in.; the upper ones gradually smaller, linear-lanceolate. Capitula 
solitary subhemispherical ; involucre 1-14 in. diam., pedunculate ; pe- 
duncle ranging up to 9 in. long. Involucral scales appressed, yellow, 
going off into an appressed black triangular or ovate appendix which 
is decurrent on both sides and pectinate with pale cilia rather longer 
than the width of the appendix. Ligule of the ray-florets pale red. 
Pappus 3-2 in. long, setaceous, tawny. — Plectocephalus abyssinicus, 
Boiss. l.c. p. 61; C. varians, A. Rich. ; 3. macrocephala, Vatke in Linnea 
xxxix. p. 512 (1875). 
Wile Land. Abyssinia, Schimper! Roth! 
3. ©. Calcitrapa, Linn. Sp. Pl. edit. i. p. 917. A rigid diffusely 
branched scabrid glabrescent or subtomentose pale erect annual or 
biennial, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves pinnatifid or pinnatisect, sometimes 
lyrate or undivided, denticulate, sessile or the lower ones narrowed 
Into a short petiole, not decurrent, 1-4 in. long. Capitula ovoid, 4- 
in. thick, lateral and subsessile or terminating leafy branches, solitary. 
Thvolucral bracts glabrous or arachnoid, shining, mostly terminating 
ma long spreading yellowish spine some 3-1} in. long with a few 
smaller ones on each side ; innermost bracts sometimes with a wide 
Scarious unarmed lacerated tip. Flowers usually purple. Achenes 
pale, shining, 3-4 in. long, without pappus.—C. Perrottetii, DC. Prodr. 
Vi. p. 598. 70. Kotschyi Schultz Bip. (C. kordofana, Aschers.) in 
Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aithiop. p. 307. 
form) Pe Guinea. Senegambia, Perrottet / (spines less stellate than in the typical 
f _ Central. Kouka, Bornu, E. Vogel / (many-headed and much-branched 
orm), 
Nile Land. Cordofan, Kotschy !-(heads sometimes large). 
Widely spread over the North Temperate Zone. 
4. 6. senegalensis, DC. Prodr. vi. p. 598. A coarse much- 
branched scabrid annual or biennial, 2 ft. high or more. Stem-leaves 
Oval ovate or lanceolate, sessile, obtuse or the uppermost acute, apicu- 
ate, denticulate, semi-amplexicaul, scarcely or somewhat auriculate, 
2-2 in. long. Capitula ovoid-globose, 4-2 in. thick, terminating leafy 
ranches, solitary. Involucral bracts glabrous or thinly arachnoid, 
shining, mostly terminating in a long erect spreading or recurved pale 
Yellowish Spine, some about | in. long with a few smaller ones on each 
Side; innermost bracts with a wide scarious unarmed or mucronate 
Acerated tip. Flowers purple. Achenes pale, shining, 3 in. long, 
“rnished with a copious barbellate setaceous tawny or nearly white 
Pappus about 4 in. long. 
wore Guinea. Senegambia, Perrottet! Leprieur! 
Central. Kouka, E£. Vogel ! we . 
Rae Gand.? Cordofan (and Eeypt), (? C. papposa, Schultz. Bip. in Schweinf. 
» Fl. ZEthiop, p. 284, name only). 
